CLINIC-ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND USE OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURES: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
Gopal Shankar Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Keywords Epilepsy ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Introduction: Seizures are one of the common causes for hospital admissions in children with significant mortality and morbidity. The present investigation was aimed to study the clinic-etiological profile and use of antiepileptic drugs in children presenting with seizures. Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, SKMCH Medical College and Hospital, Bihar for the period of 1 year from Nov 2017 to Nov 2018.  A total of 120 children with acute symptoms and signs of seizures with altered sensorium were studied. History was obtained to determine the possible cause of the seizure and type of epilepsy. The data obtained was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Results: out of total 120 children majority were found in the age group of 1-4 years and males had higher prevalence compared to female. Primary generalised tonic clonic epilepsy was the commonest type of epilepsy seen. Uconsciousness 51.7%, fever 40.8%, vomiting 26.7%, and headache 20% were the leading presenting complaints in seizure patients. Conclusions: The study showed primary generalised tonic clonic epilepsy was the commonest type of epilepsy seen, followed by simple partial seizures. Effort should be intensifying to eradicate the preventable causes of the disease. Keywords: Epilepsy, Fever, Children

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Perinatal Mortality: A Descriptive Observational Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
MB Bellad ◽  
K Srividhya ◽  
Kangle Ranjit ◽  
SM Dhaded
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Perinatal Deaths ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hospital Referral ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Jawaharlal Nehru

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study was to find out various causes of perinatal mortality and the factors associated with perinatal death. Methods A descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital (Referral hospital at district) attached to Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum. All perinatal deaths during the period between December 2007 to May 2009 were included in the study. Results There were 3904 deliveries and 193 perinatal deaths during the study period. Perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) was 49.4/1000 births. The stillbirth rate was 43/1000 births. Antepartum hemorrhage and severe pre-eclampsia were the common causes of perinatal deaths. Conclusion Antepartum hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension are leading causes of perinatal deaths. Majority of these complications occur in the later part of pregnancy increased vigilance during antenatal care can reduce these deaths.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Children at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Dhakal ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
A Shakya ◽  
SC Shah ◽  
H Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Acute poisonings are one of the common cause of emergency visits and hospital admissions and is potentially preventable cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to identify the common type of poisoning in children, to determine types of poisoning according to age and to find out the common age group in which the incidence of poisoning was high.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who visited the emergency department and were admitted to hospital with history of alleged poisoning from 2009 July to 2014 January.Results: Fifty patients were included. Drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common cause of poisoning. Drugs and kerosene below 10 years of age and organophosphorus and drugs above 10 years of age were common types of poisoning. Maximum numbers (50%) of children with poisoning cases were below five year of age. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.1days and mean age of poisoning was 7.8 years with a male(54%) predominance. Majority of poisoning occurred at home (84%) and 68% of patients were symptomatic at presentation to hospital with 84% of patients presenting to hospital within six hours.Conclusion: This study showed that drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common forms of poisoning. Young children were most vulnerable for acute poisoning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10139J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):100-103 

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of NGMC

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Roma KM ◽  
Manita Pyakurel ◽  
Veena Gupta ◽  
Piush Kanodia
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Common

Background: Neonatal period is a period from birth to under 28 days of life. The common causes of mortality and morbidity in our region are preventable, among which neonatal sepsis is the commonest one. Most of the deaths occur within 7 days of life. Objectives: To study the clinical profile, pattern of diseases, causes of morbidity and mortality amongst newborns. Materials and methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done among total 967 newborns including both inborn and out born admitted in NICU, NGMC from January 2016 to December 2016. Age, sex, gestational age, diagnosis at admission, outcome of admitted th newborns were the main variables under study. Data was entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS 20th version. Data were presented through pie, bar graph and table with frequency and percentage. Results: Male were predominant in the study (65%). One third of the admitted newborns were preterms. Half of the admitted newborns were admitted on their first day of life. Neonatal sepsis was the most common cause of admission. Deaths occured in 7.4%of total babies. Seventy-six percent got improved after treatment. Only 2.8% were referred to higher center. Conclusions: Most of the neonates got admitted in first day of life with commonest cause being neonatal sepsis. Recovery rate was satisfactory. To reduce the mortality and morbidity of neonates, we need to increase awareness level in general population and proper aseptic practices in medical practitioners.

scholarly journals Clinical Study of 100cases of Caesarean Section in Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital. Gazipur

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Rowshan Ara Begum ◽  
Naireen Sultana ◽  
Nahid Sultana ◽  
Amena Begum ◽  
Mohammad Emran Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Previous Caesarean Section ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common

To find out the common indications of caesarean section and complications of this operation, both for mother and baby. This observational study was carried out on 100 cases of caesarean sections, who were operated in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital. Previous caesarean section and oligohydroamnios with fetal distress contribute the major causes of caesarean section. Contribute the major causes of caesarean section. Common complications are UTI, wound infection. Indications of caesarean section should be properly identified to decrease the unnecessary operation, which ultimately decrease indication of previous caesarean section. Maintenance of proper asepsis would avoid the complications of this operation.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 66-68

scholarly journals Semi-Rigid Pneumatic Ureteroscopicremoval of Ureteric Stone; Seven Years Experience At Nepalgunj Medical College

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Ureteric Stone ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ureteral Trauma ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Levels

Background: The present study aimed to report the outcomes of ureteroscopy (URS) treatment of ureteric stone with semi-rigid pneumatic ureteroscopic lithotripsy.Method: This was a prospective observational study of the patients who underwent ureteroscopic removal of ureteric stone in the department of surgery, urology unit, Nepalgunj Medical College from January 2009 to July 2015. All patients underwent urereroscopic removal of stones located at different levels of the ureter using semi-rigid 8/9.8 Fr ureteroscope.Result: 1251 patients with ureteric stones who underwent URS during the study period. Out of 1251 patients, in 1211 (96.80%) stone was removed in first setting, 10(0.79%) patients needed second setting of URS to remove stones. The overall failure rate was 1.59%. The common complications of URS observed were perforations of the ureteric wall (20%), retropulsion of ureteric stone into kidney (35%) and urosepsis (45%) which necessitated ureterolithotomy, Extra Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and antibiotic therapy, respectively. Two (0.15%) patients died and the cause was urosepsis with multiorgan failure in both.Conclusion: Most of the ureteric stone can be removed in a single setting of URS. However, some complications such as, ureteral trauma, difficulty in fragmentation of a stone, retropulsion of stone into the kidney and a fatal urosepsismay occur in few cases. Therefore, URS is a useful modality to remove the ureteric stones despite its few complications.JNGMC Vol. 13 No. 2 December 2015, page: 10-12

scholarly journals A clinical study on the surgical management of intestinal obstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Choudary Gogineni ◽  
Trupti Tonape ◽  
V. S. Athavale ◽  
Sree Kumar ◽  
Shweta Achuthan Kutty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Abdominal Adhesions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Intestinal obstruction remains one of the common emergencies encountered by general surgeons all over the world. Acute intestinal obstruction occurs when there is a disruption in the frontward flow of intestinal contents.Methods: This study is a prospective study conducted in Dr. D Y Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune. Patients coming to the hospital with signs and symptoms suggestive of intestinal obstruction and willing for surgical management in our hospital were included after taking written and informed consent.Results: In our study, pain abdomen and abdominal distension was the most common presenting complaints in 90% and 92% of the patients respectively. On palpation, 96% of the patients had abdominal tenderness, 72% of the patients had guarding and 12% of the patients had rigidity. On auscultation, all patients had some abnormality with regard to bowel sounds. It has been noted that intestinal strictures and abdominal adhesions were amongst the most common causes of intestinal obstruction in our study.Conclusions: Prompt clinical assessment aided by radiological imaging is of crucial importance in reaching the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Decision regarding surgical intervention is taken based on the initial presentation of the patient, and his/her response to first line conservative management and fluid resuscitation

scholarly journals Effectiveness of clinical abdominal scoring system in the management of patients with blunt trauma abdomen

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1175
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar ◽  
Mohan Kumar K.
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common

Background: Abdominal injury being the most common cause of mortality and morbidity, its incidence comes after extremities and head injury. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce mortality by upto 50%. The common causes for blunt trauma abdomen include motor vehicle crashes, direct trauma and fall from heights. Objectives of the current investigation were to score the patients with BTA with clinical abdominal scoring system and to compare the score of CASS with USG/CT abdomen and pelvis findings in patients of BTA. Methods: All patients who are suspected to have BTA were scored using CASS and radiological investigations were done in the ED. The decision to proceed with the surgery would be done if the patient had CASS >12 and/or if the radiological investigation shows features of BTA like air under diaphragm or grade IV/V solid organ injury.Results: Males accounts for 81% of cases and the rest being females. Most common mode of injury was found to be RTA. Most common injured organs are spleen >liver >small intestine (ileum). The CASS has specificity of 84.62%, sensitivity of 99.2%, PPV 33.3%, NPV 100%. Total mortality in the study was 7.1%Conclusions: Patients with CASS of <8 can be managed conservatively. Patient with score >12 or hemodynamically unstable can be taken up for emergency laparotomy without any delay. Patients with CASS between 9 and 11, with good clinical assessment aided with radiological investigations can be managed depending upon the severity of the injury.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Thrombocytopenia: A Prospective Study at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Tirumala Kanakadurga Sripati ◽  
S. Palaniandavan ◽  
. Govindarajan ◽  
J. Thanka
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Prospective Study

Thrombocytopenia is a physiological deficiency in platelet counting. Fragmented RBC can be a chronic   trigger   for a subclinical micro angiopathy that results in chronic consumption of platelets. The platelet is a small, lentiform, anucleated cell that play a vital role in hemostasis and are produced in the bone marrow from megakaryocytes. To evaluate different etiological factors of thrombocytopenia by the study of clinical profile and laboratory parameters in patients with thrombocytopenia carried out in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. After evaluating all cases of thrombocytopenia, it is concluded that infective causes are more common than non-infective causes. Infections like dengue, malaria and septicemia were the common causes of thrombocytopenia along with megaloblastic anemia. Whenever thrombocytopenia is detected, a further investigation has to be done for specific diagnosis in the most of the cases so that appropriate treatment can be given.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis – Surgical technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jitendra Mangwani ◽  
Hytham Afifi ◽  
Radwane Faroug
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Arthrodesis ◽  
Ankle Arthritis ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Common ◽  
Improved Function ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

End-stage ankle arthritis causes significant pain, disability, and reduction in the quality of life. The common causes of ankle arthritis are post-traumatic (70%), secondary to rheumatoid arthritis (12%), and idiopathic (7%). Surgical arthrodesis of the tibiotalar joint is used to help alleviate the symptoms and signs of end-stage ankle arthritis. The first documented description of ankle arthrodesis is by Albert of Vienna in 1879 who reported curettage of the articular cartilage to enable fusion of the ankle joint. Since that time, this process has been refined significantly culminating in the introduction of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA) by Schneider in 1983. AAA is now considered as the current gold standard to help achieve effective and predictable pain relief and improved function for patients who suffer with end-stage ankle arthritis.

INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT KIDNEY TUMOURS IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahana Gupta ◽  
Ankita Gupta ◽  
Neelu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
The Common ◽  
Patient’S History ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gross Examination

Background: Cancer is essentially a disease of adults, yet it is one of the common killers in childhood. In western countries cancer is next only to trauma as a cause of mortality in children under 20 years of age In India. Methods: The material for present study is obtained from S. P. Medical College, Bikaner and referred cases for a period of five years from 2011-2014. The clinical history regarding duration of the disease, mode of presentation, symptoms and signs are recorded from the case papers, request forms, patient’s history, clinical data along with relevant details obtained from available hospital and departmental records. The histopathology slides and paraffin blocks are reviewed. Gross examination is done carefully noting the size, shape, extent and configuration, nodularity, consistency (solid, cystic or mixed). A minimum of 4-5 bits are selected from the representative areas of tumor. The tissue for routine microscopy is preserved and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for 24 hours and processed in automatic tissue processor (Histokinette) and embedded in paraffin. The sections 3-5 μ thick, are cut and stained by haematoxylin and eosin in all cases and special stains like PAS, MTS, and RT done where ever feasible Results: The incidence of malignant tumour in our study was 6.66% found. Conclusion: The present study provides a fair insight into the histological patterns of lesion in paediatric age group. Most common incidence was that of wilms tumour in paediatric age group followed by renal cell carcinoma. Imaging and histologic characterization are crucial to avoid any delay in management. Keywords: Malignant, Wilms, Histopatological tumour.

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