scholarly journals Physical domestic violence trauma among women referred to the emergency department of imam khomeini hospital, urmia, iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-78
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Elementary Education ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trauma Severity

Introduction: Domestic violence is the most common form of violence against women that has negative effects on the health of the mother, children, family, and society. This study aimed to evaluate the trauma caused by physical violence in women referred to the Emergency Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on women referred to the Emergency Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran, with trauma in the First quarter of 2016. The patient files were used to collect the required data. Subsequently, the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) through the chi-square test (P<0.001) Results: In total, 1746 women with trauma were referred to the Emergency Department in the First quarter of 2016, 38 of whom reported physical domestic violence. The mean age of the women was 37.57±5.54 years; moreover, 16 (42.1%) cases had elementary education, and 20 (52.6%) women were urban dwellers. Regarding the marital status, 33(86.8%)women were married. Considering the relationship between trauma severity and demographic characteristics, only education level showed a correlation with trauma severity. In total 14 (36.8%) and 11 (29%) cases had mild and severe traumas, respectively. Furthermore, the most injured parts were the limbs (n=16; 42.1%). Conclusion: The results showed a significant increase in the severity of trauma in women with lower education levels. Accordingly, improvements in the level of education may decrease the prevalence and severity of physical domestic violence, which requires appropriate planning to increase women's education level.

scholarly journals Domestic Violence and Postpartum Depression

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Winnellia Fridina Sandy ◽  
Djaswadi Dasuki ◽  
Elli Nur Hayati ◽  
Suhariyanto Suhariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

Introduction: Domestic violence occurs at all levels of society. Evidence shows that sexual, physical and psychological violence are predisposing factors of postpartum depression. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between domestic violence and postpartum depression.Methods: This research adopted quantitative method through observational with a cross-sectional study design by analyzing secondary data from SEHATI longitudinal surveillance. A total of 232 women was selected as sample  using a purposive sampling method, with the sample criterion being mothers with children <2 years old located in Purworejo District, Central Java, consisting of 16 sub-districts and 494 villages. The data   obtained were analyzed using the chi square statistical test and binomial regression test.Results: The results of the quantitative data showed that physical violence against postpartum depression (PR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.23-2.38), psychic violence against postpartum depression (PR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.44-2.54), and sexual violence against postpartum depression (PR-2.0; 95% CI = 1.54-2.65). The result of the qualitative data showed that postpartum depression occurred due to domestic violence.Conclusion: Physical, psychological and sexual violence in the household are significantly related to postpartum depression.

scholarly journals Domestic violence and related factors among ever married females in a rural area of southern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 3847
Author(s):  
Pooja Chauhan ◽  
Kotina Shridevi ◽  
Sushma Katkuri
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The WHO reports that the proportion of women who had ever experienced physical or sexual violence or both by an intimate partner ranged from 15% to 71%. According to NFHS-3 and India’s NCRB, the increasing cases of any form of violence against women and also the variation in its prevalence among different sections of the society indicate that it is preventable. This has been the motivation for conducting this study. The aim of the study was to know the prevalence, different forms and associated factors of domestic violence against ever married females between 15-49 years age.Methods: Community based cross-sectional study population included ever married females from 15 to 49 years. Sample size was calculated using openEpi online program. Simple random sampling was used. A pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS software v24. Chi-square test was used.Results: It was observed that 33.5% (n=83) suffered from any form of violence and 29.4% (n=73) experienced physical violence at least once. Emotional abuse was seen in 12.5% whereas sexual abuse was seen in 4.4%. The experience of domestic violence by women was significantly related to the consumption of alcohol by the husband, education status of the females and their husband.Conclusions: By improving the literacy, and sensitizing about equal rights and need to look their wife as a life partner rather than a slave, an attempt can be made to break the chain of domestic violence.

Self-medication Pattern and Prevalence Among Iranian Medical Sciences Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Niroomand ◽  
Mohsen Bayati ◽  
Mozhgan Seif ◽  
Somayeh Delavari ◽  
Sajad Delavari
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Negative Results

Background: Self-medication could be risky behavior and has negative effects. While Over the Counter (OTC) drugs are available at drugstores, the behavior has become prevalent among the general population. Objective: This study aimed at surveying self-medication behavior among medical sciences students of Shiraz, Iran. Methods: A sample of 396 students from medical, paramedical, and health sciences disciplines were included in this cross-sectional study. They were asked to fill a questionnaire about their demographics and socioeconomic status, medication usage and self-medication in the last six months, information about the correct use of medication, and information about negative results of selfmedication. Data were analyzed using chi-square, t-test and logistic regression model using R statistical software. Results: Almost 72% of participants reported self-medication in the past sixth months. The main reasons included trust in their own diagnosis (59.9%), mildness of the disease (56.6%), and having previous experience about the disease (56%). Cough or cold (84.5%), headache (66.3%), and body pain (60.2%) were the most frequent diseases that led to self-medication. The majority of the participants (77.7%) reported they select their medicine on their own decision. Furthermore, self-medication was highly related to having medicine stock at home (OR=2.692), having less information about negative results of self-medication (OR=0.835), and more non-syllabus study time (OR=1.041). Conclusions: Although, medical science students have information about the treatment of illnesses, they should be more informed about negative results and side-effects of self-medication. They should also share their knowledge with society to decrease self-medication.

scholarly journals Survey frequency of the depression and anxiety levels of infertile women in western Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoboo Rahmati ◽  
Ali Delpisheh ◽  
Ashraf Direkvand Moghadam ◽  
Kourosh Sayehmiri ◽  
Fathola Mohamadian
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Problem ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Anxiety Levels

BACKGROUND Infertility among couples is a painful emotional problem, which results in the feeling of grief in the form of psychological problems such as depression and anxiety. The present study was aimed to survey the frequency of depression and anxiety levels of infertile women in western Iran in 2017.METHODS This cross-sectional study used a simple random sampling method for selecting the sample. The study population consisted of all infertile women who went to Farhangian health center in Ilam. The Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, and demographic characteristics questionnaire were used for collecting the data. The questionnaires were distributed among midwife experts and patients. The collected data were analyzed by the chi-square test and variance analysis using SPSS version 20.RESULTS Among 200 infertile women, 53.5%, 32%, 11%, and 3.5% suffered from severe, moderate, mild, and no anxiety, respectively. However, 96.5% suffered from various degrees of anxiety with 85.5% from clinical anxiety. In addition, 42%, 19.5%, 14.5%, and 24% suffered from severe, moderate, mild, and no depression, respectively. However, 76% suffered from various degrees of depression with 61.5% from clinical depression. There is a significant relationship between the education level of husbands, education level of women, and type of infertility (p<0.05). Women who had a lower than diploma education level and primary infertility suffered from higher anxiety levels.CONCLUSIONS There was a high level of anxiety and depression in infertile women; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to these disorders in the process of treatment of infertile women.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of domestic violence in a resettlement colony of union territory of Chandigarh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenal M. Thakare ◽  
Ravleen K. Bakshi ◽  
Purushottam A. Giri ◽  
M. K. Sharma ◽  
N. K. Goel
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Culture Of Silence

Background: Domestic violence is not just a problem of the lower and middle classes. Domestic violence is a pervasive problem in India that cuts across age, education, social class and religion. Present study was done with the objectives to study the prevalence of domestic violence issue; to measure different types of domestic violence (i.e. physical, sexual and emotional) ; and to assess the correlation of different socioeconomic factors with occurrence of domestic violence in rural field practice area of Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area amongst 800 women of reproductive age group by interview technique after obtaining an informed consent from. The questionnaire was based upon National Family Health Survey-3 questionnaire. The data was fed in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Epi Info statistical software.Results: The prevalence of any type of domestic violence was 17.75%. Most common type of violence was humiliation, followed by physical violence in the form of slap (14.5%), twist, push, punch and kick. More severe forms like burns, dislocation, cuts were low (1.75%). The prevalence of sexual violence was found to be 1%. Domestic violence was associated with illiteracy in women (p=0.001), low income of women (p<0.001), reserved category of family (p<0.001), alcohol consumption in husband (p<0.001), low income or unemployed husband (p<0.001). No association of domestic violence was found with unemployment in women and illiteracy in husband.Conclusions: It needs more education, empowerment and sensitization in both men and women to change the patriarchal nature of Indian society and to break the culture of silence and tolerance against such heinous crime of inhumanity. 

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Sleep Problems in Preschoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Eka Wahyuningrum ◽  
Natalia Ratna Yulianti ◽  
Andri K. Gayatina
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bed Sharing

Background: Sleep problems are self-care deficits of sleep experienced by more than 44% of preschoolers. Some studies have showed that physical, psychological, family, environmental, and temperamental factors could cause sleep problems among children. However, other research showed that there is no correlation between sleep problems and environmental factors. There are pro-cons regarding the causes of sleep problems. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting sleep problems among preschoolers.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 297 preschoolers selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaires (CSHQ) and analyzed using bivariate (Chi-Square and Fisher tests) and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses.  Results: Results of the bivariate analysis showed that some variables were related to sleep problems among preschoolers, including family income (p=0.027), the education level of the mother (p<0.001), and bed-sharing (p=0.003). Multivariate analysis found that factors related to sleep problems were bed-sharing (p=0.031; OR=2.377), gadget use in two hours before sleep (p=0.039; OR= 2.703), and the education level of the mother (p=0.007; OR=2.244).Conclusion: Factors related to sleep problems in preschoolers were bed-sharing, gadget use in two hours before sleep, the education level of the mother, and family income. This study recommends that environmental and family factors should be modified by limiting bed-sharing and reducing the use of gadgets before bedtime.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of Turkish Mothers Regarding Primary Teeth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Yıldırım ◽  
Müge Tokuç
Keyword(s):  
Correct Answer ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the mothers’ knowledge and awareness of primary teeth. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 323 children and their mothers. A questionnaire form consisting of 10 questions about the definition of primary teeth, their total number and treatment requirements was applied to the mothers. Pearson Chi-Square and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The rate of wrong answers given by mothers with low education level to the question "What are primary teeth?" was significantly higher (p <0.001). The rate of correct answer given by mothers with low education level to the question "How many primary teeth are there in a healthy dentition?" was significantly lower (p = 0.002). The answer of "no" given by mothers with a low education level to the question "Do you think it is necessary to treat primary teeth?" was significantly higher (p=0.016). The rate of correct answer given by families with a monthly income above 5000 TL to the questions "What are primary teeth?" and "How many primary teeth are present totally?" were significantly higher (p=<0.001). Conclusion: The superior the education level and the monthly income of the family, the higher the rate of answering questions that require information.

scholarly journals Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko keracunan pestisida pada petani

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Darmiati Darmiati
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples

Background: Pesticides are dangerous poisons that can have positive or negative effects on humans and the environment. To prevent pesticide poisoning it is necessary to identify a number of risk factors that have an influence on pesticide poisoning on farmers.Objectives: Research Objective to determine the factors associated with the risk of pesticide poisoning to farmers in Lam Mayang Village, Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar District.Methods: Using descriptive analytic research method with cross sectional study design. Subjects are onion farmers, sample size 30 (total sample). Data collection has been carried out by interview and observation using a questionnaire. Using the Chi square test.Results: Laboratory tests showed 3 blood samples had abnormal levels of cholinesterase and 27 blood samples had normal cholinesterase levels. There are 2 variables related to cholinesterase levels, using personal protective equipment p value 0.030 < 0.05 and knowledge p value 0.041 < 0.05.Conclusion: Counseling to increase farmers' knowledge about pesticides is needed. Using  personal protective equipment and farmers' compliance with using personal protective equipment will reduce the incidence of pesticide poisoning.

scholarly journals Physical violence and alcohol drinking consumption among teenagers

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Amanda Pacheco de Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Da Franca ◽  
Valdenice Aparecida de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition, between childhood and adulthood marked by biological, psychological and social changes. These changes characterize the situations of vulnerability to which these individuals are exposed. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between alcohol consumption and involvement in physical violence among adolescent students in the city of Olinda, Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: This was a pilot, cross-sectional, study conducted with adolescents enrolled in high school. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire was applied in the classroom and questions were taken from the modules on alcohol consumption, violence and socioeconomic data. Analysis of associations was performed using the Chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test when the Chi-square parameters were not met. Results: Involvement in physical altercations was associated with male gender (p = 0.001), alcohol consumption in the last 30 days (p = 0.019), binge drinking (p = 0.022) and higher maternal education (p = 0.037). Conclusion: There was an association between the consumption of alcohol by adolescents and physical violence. These results are an indication of the vulnerability to which this population is exposed and is a warning of the need for further studies to investigate this issue.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Basic Immunization Status of Infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Dewi Novitasari Suhaid ◽  
Fransisca Faranita
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Primary Immunization ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Immunization is an attempt to actively boost a person's immunity against a disease, so that if one day exposed to the disease will not get sick or just experience mild illness. Immunization is routinely divided into primary immunization and continued immunization. Basic immunization is given to infants aged 0 to 1 year, where as advanced immunization is a repeat immunization intended to maintain immunity level or to prolong the period of protection. Further immunization is given when primary immunization is given first, and is given at the age of toddlers and at school age. This research is cross-sectional study. The dependent variable in this study is the basic immunization status of infants, while the independent variables include age, education level, occupation, knowledge and attitude. The sample of this research is mothers with children aged 12-24 months totaling 250 respondents. Instrument of data collection using questionnaire and health record of baby. The data transformation uses the data normality test and Rasch model. Data analysis technique using Chi Square test and logistic regression test. The result of data analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between occupation (p <0,05, PR = 1,864; 95% CI = 1,121-3,097), education level (p <0,05; PR = 3,438; 95% CI = 1,671- 7,074), knowledge (p <0,05, PR = 2,653; 95% CI 1,580-4,455) and attitude (p <0,05, PR = 3,202; 95% CI = 1,897-5,405) with infant immunization status. Age has no significant relationship with the basic immunization status of infants. Conclusions coverage of basic infant immunization completeness in this area is still low that is equal to 42,4%. Attitude is the most dominant factor associated with the basic immunization status of infants.

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