scholarly journals Application of Negative Reinforcement and Reward Technique to Reduce Behavior of Collecting Goods In Individual with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Karisma Dewi Puspasari Karisma ◽  
◽  
Zulfany Safira Nabila Zulfany ◽  
Muhammad Salis Yuniardi Salis ◽  
Latipun Latipun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
The Subject

Our subject is a 55-year-old man and a former civil servant. He claimed to have seen someone who others could not see. He believed that he is an important person. He had strange behavior such as separating himself from others, speaking and laughing alone, and collecting rubbish. Based on the assessment through observation, interviews, and psychological tests, the subject was diagnosed with schizophrenia and behavioral problems such as collect things. The subject’s behavior appears because he feels pleasure after collecting goods. He did not do other activities that make him feel good; thus, the behavior was repeated. The intervention aims to reduce the frequency of collecting things through negative reinforcement and rewards techniques. The intervention eventually suppressed the behavior of collecting things carried out by the subject gradually.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Students’ Learning Behavior In Isolated School of SMPN Satap Tojabi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Radhiyatul Jamilah ◽  
Ray Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Grade Students ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Year

The research aimed to analyze the student’s learning behavior in isolated school it was conducted in a qualitative approach in SMPN SatapTojabi, Babussalam, Lasusua Sub District, North Kolaka District, South east Sulawesi it was one of the isolated schools in North KolakaDistric, located on the mountain it was about eight kilometers from the level of land with no electricity, people still used solar power for doing an activity related to electricity. The subject was the third grade students in the academic year 2019 – 2020 with 14 students. The data was collected by using observation and interview. The result showed that they gave various behaviors, some of them were diligent, obedient, and polite some of them were lazy, always messing about, and denying. By giving positive reinforcement students were not eager to get the reward even though the teacher promised a special reward some of them were still not change the behaviors. These behavior such as did not do the homework on time, messing about when their friends start to work, do not come at class on time, and keep the class noisy. While by giving negative reinforcement some students still much less discipline and less concern about their education.

scholarly journals Pengaruh token ekonomi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan rawat diri pada individu dengan gangguan skizoafektif

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rullita Aristya Mintarsih
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Cleaning

The subject was a 41-year-old woman with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder. Subjects showed the symptoms of schizoid that made them less interested in daily activities, less concerned with hygiene and self-care. Assessment methods used are observations, interviews, and psychological tests in the form of WAIS, graphic tests (DAP, BAUM, &HTP), TAT, WWQ and WHODAS questionnaire. Interventions are made to deal with the lack of ability in self-care, using behavior modification therapy with the token economy method. The results showed that Token Economy was effective to improve the subject's ability to care for themselves, they became more motivated to perform basic activities such as self-cleaning.

Understanding Uncertainties in Medical Evidence: Professional and Public Responsibilities

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Mike
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Fetal Brain Development ◽  
The Subject

The case of Linda Loerch and her son Peter presented to the Minnesota Supreme Court raises the question of whether legal liability can extend beyond the second generation. During the pregnancy leading to Linda's birth, her mother had taken the synthetic hormone diethylstilbestrol, commonly known as DES. Linda herself has a deformed uterus, and her son Peter, born twelve weeks prematurely, is a quadriplegic afflicted with cerebral palsy. The family is seeking damages for the child's condition from Abbott Laboratories, the manufacturer of the drug taken forty years earlier by his grandmother (MacNeil/Lehrer 1988). The claims of this lawsuit hinge on the evidence available when the drug was prescribed. The case illustrates, with some new ramifications, the interrelated issues of ethics and evidence surrounding the practice of medicine, a major theme of this chapter. The DES story first became national news at a time that marked the rise of the new field of bioethics. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a drug alert in 1971 to all physicians concerning the use of DES by pregnant women, as an association had been found between the occurrence of a rare form of cancer of the vagina in young women and their mothers' exposure to DES. The drug had been prescribed widely since the 1940s for a variety of medical conditions, including the prevention of miscarriages. It is estimated that during this period four to six million individuals, mothers and their offspring, were exposed to DES during the mothers' pregnancy. The full dimensions of the medical disaster, the subject of continued controversy, have yet to be firmly established. DES daughters are at risk of developing clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina, the risk estimated to be one per one thousand by age twenty-four. Ninety percent have a benign vaginal condition called adenosis, and many have other genital abnormalities. They are at higher risk of pregnancy loss and infertility. DES mothers also may be at a higher risk for breast and gynecological cancers, and DES sons may be at an increased risk of genitourinary abnormalities, infertility, and testicular cancer. DES may, as well, have affected fetal brain development, leading to behavioral problems and learning disabilities.

Bacon and eggs: bishop Buckingham and superstition in Lincolnshire

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Church ◽  
Attention To Detail

I have recently read through almost all the surviving medieval registers of the diocese of Lincoln, while collecting material for a book on the church in medieval Lincolnshire society. As may be imagined, a good many interesting patterns are emerging from this and other sources; this short note results from the examination of one such pattern.John Buckingham, who like so many other bishops of the fourteenth century, had been a civil servant, ruled over the see of Lincoln, with conspicuous industry and attention to detail, for the twenty-six years between 1362 and 1398. His career is the subject of a doctoral thesis, on which Miss Alison McHardy is now engaged, and I do not propose to discuss it here. Instead, I want to consider in detail one or two incidents in his episcopate which are, I believe, of some relevance to the theme of this conference.

scholarly journals My Confession of Prince P. A. Vyazemsky

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-112
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Lutsevich
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Correctness ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Independent Study ◽  
The Political ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The 19Th Century

<p><em>My Confession</em> (1829) of P.&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Vyazemsky, one of the most important historical, literary and autobiographical documents of the 19th century, has never been the subject of independent study. Its focus of attention is the period of the Prince&rsquo;s civil service in Warsaw, which predetermined not only the formation of his ideas of liberalism and constitutionalism, but also the collapse of his career as a civil servant in 1821. The article makes an attempt to identify the main formal-meaningful constants of<em> My Confession</em>. As a result of the study, the immediate motif and reasons for the prince's resort to confession, his addressee, the main goal and discursive practices are identified. The author of the article states that <em>My Confession</em> does not contain religious connotations; its main content is the consistent presentation of events, facts, thoughts, feelings (in the form in which they appear in the mind of the Prince almost a decade later), as well as the exposure of the libels of ill-wishers and the restoration of a good name. It is noted that the general autobiographical confessional strategy of Vyazemsky determines both the author&rsquo;s repentance of the political &ldquo;errors&rdquo; of liberal youth and the exposition / propaganda of liberal views due to active auto-citation; at the same time, the fundamental attitude towards veracity is combined with the so-called &ldquo;Political correctness&rdquo; (allowing conscious silence about certain events, facts, persons in order to avoid knowingly lying).</p>

scholarly journals AVERSIVE CONTROL IN BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS: AN ANALYSIS OF JEAB AND JABA PUBLICATIONS (1958-2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Verdu Rico ◽  
Marcus Bentes de Carvalho Neto ◽  
Marcelo Vitor Silveira ◽  
Romariz Da Silva Barros
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Experimental Analysis Of Behavior ◽  
Publication Trends ◽  
Aversive Control ◽  
Functional Assessments

We analyzed the frequency of publications on aversive control and publication trends concerning specific aversive contingencies. The articles were published between 1958 and 2018 in two journals: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) and Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis (JABA). We selected articles that presented at least one of the following descriptors in the title, abstract, or keywords: aversive, avoidance, escape, negative reinforcement, and punishment. We verified that the publication frequency on aversive control was higher in JEAB than in JABA until the 1990s, at which point the trend was reversed. An irregular increase has been observed in JEAB publications on the topic since 2000. The rise of applied research on aversive control is related to growing interest in negative reinforcement. This significant decrease in studies on aversive control may be related to stricter ethical regulations in research and related to the assertions of some authors to reduce the aversive control use. The increase in applied studies since the 1990s appears to be related to the greater use of functional assessments and the development of treatments for behavioral problems that result from negative reinforcement contingencies. Key words: aversive control, aversive contingencies, Behavior Analysis, publication.

scholarly journals Discourse of Faking by Civil Servant Selection Participants on YouTube

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Yusuf Hadi Yudha ◽  
Rustono Farady Marta ◽  
Hana Panggabean
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Tips And Tricks ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Selection Test ◽  
Passing Grade

Technological advances and rapid development of the internet, has pushed YouTube to become one of the new communication media by communicating information through audio and video. This information affects the personality of individuals who have a specific purpose in their efforts to communicate. With YouTube, anyone can freely watch whatever information is presented, and create various content without any permits or censors. This condition made some of content creators leaking a number of psychological tests that should be confidential, by making discussions, as well as tips and tricks on how to get a high score on these tests. This study aims to show how a civil servant candidate openly communicates to the public by creating video content on YouTube about tips and tricks for giving deceptive responses (faking) on the Personal Characteristics Test (TKP) used in civil servant selection test (CPNS) in order to get high score in this test. Analysis of the video using Critical Discourse Analysis from Theo van Leeuwen found that, in order to surpass the predetermined TKP passing grade, test takers were required to play the role of being an ideal figure of a civil servant. As in CPNS selection context, the video also reveals that by faking the test answer, it can increase the chances of participants to get high scores in the test. The self-reporting test format, also helped test takers easily fake the test by selecting answers according to the ideal profile of a civil servant, not answering according to his true state, as is expected in psychological tests in general. Kemajuan teknologi dan berkembang pesatnya penggunaan internet, mendorong YouTube menjadi salah satu bentuk media komunikasi baru untuk menyampaikan informasi melalui tayangan-tayangan berupa audio dan video. Informasi tersebut mempengaruhi kepribadian individu yang memiliki tujuan tertentu dalam upayanya berkomunikasi.Pada kanalYouTube, siapapun dapat dengan bebas menonton dan mengakses informasi apa saja yang disajikan, serta berkreasi membuat berbagai konten tanpa ada batasan perizinan ataupun sensor. Hal ini membuat sejumlah pembuat konten yang tidak bertanggung jawab membocorkan sejumlah tes psikologi yang seharusnya rahasia, dengan membuat pembahasan, serta tips dan trik bagaimana mendapatkan skor tinggi dalam tes tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peserta seleksi Calon Pegawai Negeri Sipil (CPNS) dan pemberian respon pengelabuan pada pengerjaan Tes Karakteristik Pribadi (TKP) ditampilkan dalam diskursus, khususnya dalam video YouTube berjudul “TIPS DAN TRIK MENJAWAB SOAL TKP CPNS 2019”.Analisis terhadap video menggunakanAnalisis Wacana Kritisdari Theo van Leeuwen menemukan bahwa, agar dapat melampaui passing grade yang telah ditetapkan,peserta tes dituntut berperan menjadi sosok ideal seorang PNS. Dalam konteks seleksi CPNS, video tersebut mengungkapkan pula bahwa dengan melakukan pengelabuan,dapat meningkatkan peluang untuk mendapatkan skor tinggi dalam tes tersebut. Desain tes yang berupa pelaporan diri, turut membuat peserta tes dapat dengan mudah melakukan faking dengan memberikan jawaban sesuai profil ideal seorang PNS, dan bukan menjawab sesuai dengan keadaan dirinya yang sebenarnya, sebagaimana layaknya yang diharapkan dalam tes psikologi pada umumnya.

SISTEM PENJAMINAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI MADRASAH

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munjin Munjin
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Iso 9001 ◽  
Job Description ◽  
Quality Insurance ◽  
Education Service ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
The Subject

Quality insurance management in education is one of the keys of success of educationinstitution. MII Sambas is one of Islamic elementary school that can achieve high academicand non academic achievement since the application of quality-based management. Thisresearch was aimed at describing the system of quality education insurance being applied byMII Sambas. The focuses of this research were: a) how the process of quality educationinsurance was applied; b) how the human resources were managed; c) what the productsachieved; d) the obstacles in applying the management.This research used qualitative approach and applied observation as the main methodin collecting data. It was also supported with interviews and documentation.Based on the approach, the subject of this research were: headmaster, teachers andstaff, and heads of sections. The data were analyzed using qualitative analysis, whichincluded data collection, data reduction, display of data, and conclusion.Research findings are: a) the preparation stages of quality management in MII Sambasconsists of planning, organizing, supporting, supervising, advising, and evaluating. Thisstages were applied by buttom-up method; b) job description was made to support optimalperformance of each position; c) education service was focused on the process; d) theposition of leaders were based on performance rather than seniority; e) the salary received byteachers and staff refers to the system of civil servant salary; f) some achievements of thisinstitution are: second rank of Healthy School Championship, third rank of national qualityschool, ISO 9001 sertificate in 2008 on management, and other sertificates as a qualifiededucation institution from Religious Affairs Ministry.Besides the progress that have been achieved, there are still some differences inunderstanding wholistically the concept of quality insurance of education. It may resultedfrom the fact that not all teachers have education background. Moreover, MII Sambas will bea greater institution when it has acceptedstudents with special needs, which has not beenrealized

Sir George Clarke's Career at the Committee of Imperial Defence, 1904–1907

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gooch
Keyword(s):  
Civil Servant ◽  
The Political ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Strong Claim

Not much is generally known about the career of Sir George Sydenham Clarke as first secretary of the Committee of Imperial Defence other than his arrival at Whitehall in 1904 and his departure under something of a cloud three years later. Yet Clarke's career is in many respects worthy of study. He can lay strong claim to being the first defence ‘bureaucrat’, and as such his career served to establish a pattern into which his successors had to fit themselves. His activities during his three years of office do much to illuminate the methods by which strategic decisions were reached and demonstrate the obstructions that beset the professional civil servant in such a milieu. The influence of the committee which he served has been the subject of considerable analysis and comment; Clarke's personal disposition helps to explain die remark of one scholar that, for a body occupying its influential position, the CID achieved relatively little.1 Finally, the manner of Clarke's going illustrates the political strength of the navalist lobby and of Sir John Fisher at a crucial time in the making of defence policy.

scholarly journals Client Centered Counseling untuk meningkatkan harga diri pada penderita skizofrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Andi Dian Diarfah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Tests ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
The Subject

Schizophrenia is a mental illness that can interfere with a person’s thoughts and behaviour. The subject of this case study is a 34-year-old man who has had schizophrenia since 1 year ago. The purpose of this intervention is to increase self-esteem in the subject. The assessment methods used were clinical interviews, observation, and psychological tests, namely WWQ, Graphic, Wartegg, and WAIS. The intervention provided was Client-Centered Counseling which was conducted for 7 sessions. The results of the intervention showed that the subjects began to assess themselves more positively.

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