The Lower Levels of Serum and RBC Cholinesterase in Acute Opioid Poisoning

Background: Cholinesterase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating neural transmission. Many factors may decrease the cholinesterase levels in serum and Red Blood Cells (RBCs). It is suggested that the use of opium may effectively change the levels of Cholinesterase in serum and RBCs. This study aimed to evaluate the serum and RBC levels of cholinesterase in patients who were acutely poisoned with opium. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 65 patients suffering from acute opium poisoning. The serum levels of cholinesterase were measured using an automated analyzer. The levels were also measured in RBCs, using a colorimetric method. Simultaneously, 65 patients served as the positive controls from among those poisoned with organophosphates. Results: The serum cholinesterase levels were lower than the normal range in 16.9% of patients poisoned with opium and in 76.9% of those poisoned with organophosphate agents (P<0.001). Similarly, the levels of RBC cholinesterase were lower than the normal range as found in 64.6% and 15.4% of patients poisoned acutely with opium (Group 1) and organophosphate (Group 2), respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: Acute opium poisoning effectively reduced both the levels and activities of cholinesterase in the patients’ serum and RBCs significantly different from those noted in patients suffering from organophosphate toxicity.

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Serum Levels of Fetal Antigen 1 in Extreme Nutritional States

ISRN Endocrinology ◽

10.5402/2012/592648 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alin Andries ◽

Andreas Niemeier ◽

Rene K. Støving ◽

Basem M. Abdallah ◽

Anna-Maria Wolf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Change ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Metabolic Adaptation ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Normal Range ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Restrictive Surgery ◽

Before And After ◽

Fetal Antigen

Objective. Recent data suggest that fetal antigen (FA1) is linked to disorders of body weight. Thus, we measured FA1 serum levels in two extreme nutritional states of morbid obesity (MO) and anorexia nervosa (AN) and monitored its response to weight changes. Design. FA1 and insulin serum concentrations were assessed in a cross-sectional study design at defined time points after gastric restrictive surgery for 25 MO patients and 15 women with AN. Results. Absolute FA1 serum levels were within the assay normal range and were not different between the groups at baseline. However, the ratio of FA1/BMI was significantly higher in AN. FA1 was inversely correlated with BMI before and after weight change in AN, but not in MO patients. In addition, MO patients displayed a significant concomitant decrease of FA1 and insulin with the first 25% of EWL, while in AN patients a significant increase of FA1 was observed in association with weight gain. Conclusion. FA1 is a sensitive indicator of metabolic adaptation during weight change. While FA1 serum levels in humans generally do not correlate with BMI, our results suggest that changes in FA1 serum levels reflect changes in adipose tissue turnover.

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perbandingan kadar HDL dan LDL akseptor Depo Medroksi Progesteron Asetat dengan IUD

HEALTH CARE : JURNAL KESEHATAN ◽

10.36763/healthcare.v7i2.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

Suci Syahril ◽

Meldafia Idaman ◽

Dewi Fransisca

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽

Colorimetric Method ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

First Year ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Normal Range ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract The use of contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) increasing lately, but some studies suggest has the side effects of weight gain and contraceptives that have side effect in lipid metabolism. Therefore, about 35% of acceptors of DMPA in the first year to stop the use of DMPA. The objective of this study was to determine the differences of lipid profile between acceptors DMPA with acceptors IUD. This was a obcervational study with cross sectional study. The study wasdone at health center Lubuk Buaya in Padang and at laboratory of Biochemistry Departement in Medical Faculty of Andalas University from Januari until September 2016. The subjects were consisted of two groups, each group had 26 subjects. The examination for LDL and HDL used an enzymatic colorimetric method CHOD-PAP. Data was analyzed using analysis of t-test with p < 0.05 was considered to be significantly different. HDL levels average in Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate was 87,54±14,28 mg/dl and IUD was 75,90±8,67 mg/dl with p < 0.05 (significantly difference). Levels of LDL means there is no significantly difference between DMPA and IUD acceptors (p> 0.05). This research concluded that there isa significant difference on average levels of HDL in the Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and IUD but levels of LDL there is no significantly difference. The clinically lipid profile in the two groups is in normal range.

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Pesticide Use and Serum Acetylcholinesterase Levels among Flower Farm Workers in Ethiopia—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17030964 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 964 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Meaza Gezu Shentema ◽

Abera Kumie ◽

Magne Bråtveit ◽

Wakgari Deressa ◽

Aiwerasia Vera Ngowi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pesticide Exposure ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Cholinesterase ◽

Pesticide Use ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Routine Monitoring ◽

Trade Names

The flower industry in East Africa has grown in recent years, especially in the production and export of roses. The aim of this study was to assess pesticide use on selected flower farms in Ethiopia. Serum cholinesterase levels in workers were used as a marker of pesticide exposure. This study was a cross-sectional study involving 588 workers from 15 different flower farms. It had a response rate of 95.5%. The participants included 277 males (mean age 26 years; 148 pesticide sprayers and 129 non-sprayers) and 311 females (mean age 25 years; 156 working in greenhouses and 155 working outside the greenhouses). The researchers undertook structured interviews, blood sampling, and walkthrough surveys. Descriptive statistics and Poisson regression were used in the statistical analyses. A total of 154 different trade names of pesticides were found. Of them, 31 (27%) were classified as moderately hazardous by the WHO, and 9% were organophosphates. Serum levels of cholinesterase deviating from 50–140 Michel units were considered abnormal. Abnormal serum cholinesterase levels (above 140 Michel units) were found in 97 participants (16.5%, 95% confidence interval 13.7–19.7%). There were no differences between the four job groups regarding cholinesterase levels. The high prevalence of abnormal serum cholinesterase levels might indicate the presence of pesticide intoxication. Thus, there is a need for routine monitoring of all workers exposed to pesticides, not only sprayers.

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Evaluation of the Blood Level of Adiponectin in Pregnant Adolescents

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1730288 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (06) ◽

pp. 429-435

Author(s):

Elaine Cristina Rocha Pádua ◽

Silvia Daher ◽

Isa de Pádua Cintra Sampaio ◽

Edward Araujo Júnior ◽

Cristina Falbo Guazzelli

Keyword(s):

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Adiponectin ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Pregnant Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Group ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Intergroup Comparison

Abstract Objective To evaluate serum levels of adiponectin in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation. Method: A prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 67 normal pregnant women between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation and eutrophic (body mass index [BMI]: 18.5–25 kg/m2), of which 36 were adolescents (< 20 years old) and 31 adults (≥ 20 years old). Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The t-student or Mann-Whitney tests were used for intergroup comparison. Results Pregnant adolescents showed significantly higher serum adiponectin concentrations compared with pregnant adults (p = 0.04). No differences were observed in adiponectin levels in younger pregnant adolescents (< 16 years old) compared with older pregnant adolescents (≥ 16 years old). Adiponectin values were divided into 3 subgroups: < 3,000 ng/mL, between 3,000 and 5,000 ng/mL, and > 5,000 ng/mL. Birthweight was significantly higher in women > 5,000 ng/mL when compared with < 3,000 ng/mL in the adolescent group. No association between pregestational adiponectin levels and BMI, gestational weight gain, and gestational age was observed; however, there was a positive relation with birthweight (p = 0.0239). Conclusion Serum adiponectin values in pregnant adolescents between 30 and 36 weeks of gestation were higher compared with pregnant adults; however, no differences between younger and older pregnant adolescents were observed.

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Job satisfaction and its associated factors among optometrists in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s12955-020-01650-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo ◽

Eldad Agyei-Manu ◽

David Ben Kumah ◽

Anthony Danso-Appiah ◽

Abubakar Sadik Mohammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Human Resources ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Critical Role ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eye Health ◽

Overall Job Satisfaction

Abstract Background Job satisfaction describes an employee’s motivation and/or feeling of satisfaction towards his/her work. Globally, healthcare professionals’ turnover and retention play a critical role in the delivery of essential health services. In Ghana, however, little has been done to ascertain job satisfaction levels among human resources for eye-health. The objective of this study therefore was to assess job satisfaction and its associated factors among optometrists in Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 304 registered and licensed optometrists of the Ghana Optometric Association between September 2018 and June 2019. A validated, well-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics of participants and measures on job satisfaction. Scores from a five-point Likert scale was employed to examine job satisfaction and its associated factors. Linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between overall job satisfaction and its associated factors using Rasch logit scores. Results A total of 214 optometrists gave valid responses to the questionnaires used for the final analysis. The mean (± SD) score of the overall perception of job satisfaction among optometrists was 3.36 (± 1.00), with 74.3% of them being satisfied with their jobs. After statistical adjustment, Good work-life balance (Unstandardized co-efficient (β) = 0.288, p = 0.001), Salary (β = 0.222, p < 0.0005), Supervision (β = 0.117, p = 0.044), and Continuing Education Opportunities (β = 0.138, p = 0.017) were all significantly associated with higher levels of overall job satisfaction. Conclusions Most optometrists were satisfied with their jobs. Effective strategic planning and management of human resources for eye-health in Ghana are essential in the development of quality eye-health systems and the provision of high-quality eyecare services.

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Decreased soluble IFN-β receptor (sIFNAR2) in multiple sclerosis patients: A potential serum diagnostic biomarker

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458516667564 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 937-945 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Teresa Órpez-Zafra ◽

Jose Pavía ◽

Isaac Hurtado-Guerrero ◽

Maria J Pinto-Medel ◽

Jose Luis Rodriguez Bada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

First Year ◽

Diagnostic Biomarker ◽

Lower Serum ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Naïve ◽

Β Receptor ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: The soluble isoform of the interferon-β (IFN-β) receptor (sIFNAR2) could modulate the activity of both endogenous and systemically administered IFN-β. Previously, we described lower serum sIFNAR2 levels in untreated multiple sclerosis (MS) than in healthy controls (HCs). Objective: To assess sIFNAR2 levels in a new cohort of MS patients and HCs, as well as in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and with other inflammatory neurological disorders (OIND) and to assess its ability as a diagnostic biomarker. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 148 MS (84 treatment naive and 64 treated), 87 CIS, 42 OIND, and 96 HCs. Longitudinal study included 94 MS pretreatment and after 1 year of therapy with IFN-β, glatiramer acetate (GA), or natalizumab. sIFNAR2 serum levels were measured by a quantitative ELISA developed and validated in our laboratory. Results: Naive MS and CIS patients showed significantly lower sIFNAR2 levels than HCs and OIND patients. The sensitivity and specificity to discriminate between MS and OIND, for a sIFNAR2 cutoff value of 122.02 ng/mL, were 70.1%, and 79.4%, respectively. sIFNAR2 increased significantly in IFN-β-treated patients during the first year of therapy in contrast to GA- and natalizumab-treated patients who showed non-significant changes. Conclusion: The results suggest that sIFNAR2 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for MS.

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Abstract P354: Circulating Interleukin 17 A In Patients With Acute And Chronic Coronary Syndrome

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.p354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Dinaldo C Oliveira ◽

Edivaldo Mendes Filho ◽

Mariana Barros ◽

Carolina Oliveira ◽

Joao Vitor Cabral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Artery Disease

Introduction: Interleukin L-17 is produced by Th 17 cells and other cells. There is a debate if IL 17 is atherogenic or atheroprotective. The true role of this interleukin during the development and progression of the coronary artery disease is not known. Objective: To evaluate if there are differences between the IL17 A serum levels according to clinical presentation of the coronary artery disease. Methods: This is a cross sectional study which enrolled 101 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 100 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and 100 healthy volunteers. Blood samples were taken from patients ( at admission) and controls to analysis the level of IL17A. Clinical characteristics were collected through questionnaires. This research was approved by ethical committee. Results: Comparisons of the clinical characteristics between patients with ACS and CCS revealed: mean age ( 62 ± 12.4 vs 63.3 ± 9.8, p = 0.4 ), male (63.4% vs 58%, p = 0.4) hypertension (85.1% vs 79%, p = 0.1) , disyipidemia (48% vs 31%, p =0.01), Diabetes Mellitus (47.5% vs 41%, p = 0.3), previous myocardial infarction (57.4% vs 40%, p = 0,01), smoking (29.7% vs 38%, p = 1). The peripheral concentrations of IL17A according to ACS, CCS and controls were: 5.36 ± 8.83 vs 6.69 ± 17.92 vs 6.26 ± 11.13, p = 0.6. Besides, the comparison between ACS and CCS showed: 5.36 ± 8.83 vs 6.69 ± 17.92, p = 0.3. Conclusion: The main finding os this study was that the circulating IL 17 concentrations were similar in patients with ACS, CCS and healthy volunteers). Besides, there was no difference between patients with ACS and CCS. Therefore, our hypothesis is that in patients with ACS and CCS the circulating IL 17 A concentrations are low or undetectable.

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The Relationship between Dioxin-Like Polychlorobiphenyls and IGF-I Serum Levels in Healthy Adults: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0038213 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. e38213 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Octavio P. Luzardo ◽

Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández ◽

Pilar F. Valerón ◽

Pedro C. Lara ◽

Maira Almeida-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Igf I ◽

The Relationship

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Fatigue and Its Related Factors Among Iranian Cancer Survivors

Journal of Caring Sciences ◽

10.34172/jcs.2021.032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 210-215

Author(s):

Musab Ghaderi ◽

Arman Azadi ◽

Azad Rahmani ◽

Zohreh Sanaat ◽

Hosein Nazemiyeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Fatigue Score ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

High Level

Introduction: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the major problems experienced by cancer patients. Identifying the prevalence and factors associated with CRF may be effective in designing appropriate interventions to reduce this problem. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of CRF and its related factors among Iranian cancer survivors. Methods: The samples of this descriptive cross-sectional study included 131 cancer survivors referred to outpatient clinic of Shahid Gazi Hospital affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Brief fatigue inventory (BFI) questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Results: The mean (SD) fatigue score was 6.41 (1.68) and 89% of survivors reported that they had suffered from CRF. The factors affecting CRF included blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, anemia, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), marital status, type of cancer, and physical activity. Conclusion: High level of CRF in cancer survivors requires special attention and designing effective interventions through considering the identified factors associated with CRF.

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Liver Biomarkers Assay in COVID-19 Cases: A Comparison Study between Alive and Dead Patients

Iranian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.18502/ijph.v51i1.8309 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Amir Emami ◽

Fatemeh Javanmardi ◽

Ali Akbari ◽

Babak Shirazi Yeganeh ◽

Tahereh Rezaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Albumin Level ◽

Critical Role ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Albumin Level ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Comparison Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Identifying effective biomarkers plays a critical role on screening; rapid diagnosis; proper managements and therapeutic options, which is helpful in preventing serious complications. The present study aimed to compare the liver laboratory tests between alive and dead hospitalized cases for prediction and proper management of the patients. Methods: This retrospective, cross sectional study consists of all deceased patients admitted in one center in Shiraz, Iran during 19 Feb 2020 to 22 Aug 2021. For further comparison, we selected a 1:2 ratios alive group randomly. Results: Overall, 875 hospitalized cases died due to COVID-19. We selected 1750 alive group randomly. The median age was significantly higher in died group (65.96 vs 51.20). Regarding the laboratory findings during the hospitalization ALT, AST, Bili.D were significantly higher in non-survivors than survivors but Albumin was less in deceased patients. It was revealed elevated levels of Albumin, AST, Bili.T and Bili.D were associated with increasing the risk of in hospital death. Moreover, the predictive effect of ALP and Bili.D had significantly more than others with high sensitivity and specify. Conclusion: We found patients with COVID-19 have reduced serum albumin level, and increase ALT and AST. The current results revealed abnormal liver chemistries is associated with poor outcome, which highlighted the importance of monitoring these patients more carefully and should be given more caution.

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