A Review on - Fast Disintegrating Drug Delivery System

Now day's formulation research is breaking barriers of conventional methods. Recently, MDTs have take over an important position in the market by overcoming previously administration problems and contributing to extension of patient life, which have difficulty in swallowing tablets and capsules. Upon introduction into the mouth, these tablets dissolve/ disintegrate in the mouth without additional water for easy administration of pharmaceutical ingredients. These dosage forms are also used to attain instant a higher concentration of drug in body for immediate actions. These are novel dosage forms which dissolve in mouth cavity within a few seconds. This article attempts at discussing ideal properties, advantages, limitation, choice of drug candidates, need of formulation, approaches for preparation of MDTs, Patented technologies on MDTs and Evaluation tests of MDTs.

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A Review on Emerging Floating Drug Delivery System

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v6i4.8901 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Christe Mary M ◽

Sasikumar Swamiappan

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Stomach Contents ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Gastric Residence Time ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Floating Drug Delivery ◽

Floating Drug Delivery System

Presently, various approaches have been exploited in the prolongation of gastric residence time which includes floating drug delivery system (FDDS), swelling and expanding systems, bio-adhesive systems, modified shape systems and high density systems. Among various methods, floating drug delivery system is considered to be a predominant method. Gastric emptying of dosage forms is an extremely varying process and ability to extend and control the emptying time is a valuable resource for the dosage forms. This FDDS is having the ability to provides a solution for this purpose. The FDDS is a bulk density system lower than the gastric fluid, so that the rest will float on the stomach contents for a prolonged period of time and allowing the drug to release slowly at a desired rate from the system and intensifies the bio-availability of the drug having narrow absorption window. The main intension of writing this review on floating drug delivery system is to study the mechanism of flotation to acheive the gastric retention and to discuss briefly about the background of FDDS, advantages and disadvantages, application of FDDS and factors affecting the gastric retension time.

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An Insight into delivery of drug through The Skin: Transdermal Drug Delivery system

Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences ◽

10.52711/2321-5844.2021.00002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4-12

Author(s):

Lakshmi Usha Ayalasomayajula ◽

M. Kusuma Kumari ◽

Radha Rani Earle

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Transdermal Drug Delivery System ◽

First Pass Metabolism ◽

First Pass ◽

Pass Metabolism

In the recent days about 75% of the drugs taken orally are does not show the desired therapeutic effect. Oral conventional dosage forms have several disadvantages such as poor bioavailability due to hepatic first pass metabolism and tendency to produce rapid blood level spikes (Both high and low). Thus, rapid drug levels in the plasma leads to a need of high and/or frequent dosing, which can be both uneconomical and inconvenient. To overcome such disadvantages transdermal drug delivery system was developed. TDDS is such a delivery system which has been explored extensively over the last two decades, with therapeutic success. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are the drug delivery systems which involves transportation of drug to epidermal and dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic action while major fraction of the drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. Topical administration of therapeutic agents offers vast advantages over conventional oral and invasive methods of drug delivery. Some of the advantages of transdermal drug delivery include limitation of hepatic first pass metabolism, enhancement of therapeutic efficiency and maintenance of steady state plasma level concentration of the drug. This study includes a brief overview of TDDS, its advantages over conventional dosage forms, drug delivery routes across human skin, permeation enhancers, and classification, formulation, methods of preparation and evaluation of transdermal patches.

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A REVIEW: ANTI-CANCER NATURAL PRODUCT DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM DOSAGE FORM AND EVALUATION

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s4.43815 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

RIZKA KHOIRUNNISA GUNTINA ◽

IYAN SOPYAN ◽

ADE ZUHROTUN

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Natural Product ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Dosage Form ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Primary Data ◽

Pharmaceutical Dosage Form ◽

New Drug

A drug delivery system is a system in which a drug is released from a pharmaceutical dosage form to achieve the desired pharmacological effect. The system consists of conventional and new drug delivery systems. In the new drug delivery system, polymers are used as a matrix. The aim of this article is to find out and understand the formulation and evaluation of natural ingredients that have anticancer activity with different dosage forms and the basis for developing these dosages. Journal searches in this review came from primary data sources on the internet. Journal searches were carried out using a search engine such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. In recent years, natural products, such as extract, fraction, and isolate, are getting attention to help treat cancer. Because of their low solubility and bioavailability, the effectiveness tends to be lower than synthetic drugs. Therefore, a dosage form with a new drug delivery system was made to overcome the problem. The dosage forms commonly made are patch, suspension, powder, and emulsion with a new drug delivery system. To ensure the product that has been made met the requirements, they need to be evaluated with various methods like In vitro Study, morphology study, particle size study, and others. Cancer treatment using the natural product can be delivered through several dosage forms like patch, suspension, powder, and emulsion, with specific formulation and manufacturing methods based on several considerations such as natural ingredients properties, dosage form selection, excipient properties, and the purpose of the formulation. Dosage forms that has been made are then evaluated using several evaluation methods.

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REVIEW ON GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i12.37264 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

MANDAR J BHANDWALKAR ◽

PRASAD S DUBAL ◽

AKASH K.TUPE ◽

SUPRIYA N MANDRUPKAR

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Residence Time ◽

Delivery System ◽

Oral Drug Delivery ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Oral Dosage ◽

Oral Drug ◽

Low Solubility

In recent years, gastroretentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) has gained researcher’s interest in the field of oral drug delivery. Various GRDDS approaches can be utilized to retain the dosage forms in the stomach and to release the drug slowly for an extended period of time. GRDDS can be used to prolong the residence time of delivery system in the stomach. This results in targeting of drug release at a specific site for the systemic or local effects. GRDDS can be used to overcome challenges associated with conventional oral dosage forms and to release the drug at a specific absorption site to improve bioavailability of particular drug substance. The challenges include fast gastric emptying of the dosage form which results in the poor bioavailability of the drug. Prolongation of the retention of drugs in stomach those having low solubility at high intestinal pH improves the solubility of drugs. GRDDS has proved to be effective in systemic actions as well as in local actions to treat gastric or duodenal ulcers. Local activity in the upper part of the small intestine can be obtained by improving the residence time of delivery system in the stomach. The system is useful for drugs which are unstable in the intestine or having a low solubility/permeability in the small intestine. Various GRDDS approaches include high density (sinking) systems, low-density (floating systems), mucoadhesive, expandable, unfoldable, superporous hydrogel systems, and magnetic systems.

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A REVIEW ON AN EMERGIN TREND BILAYER FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Current Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.24092/crps.2021.110201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

ANJALI CHOURASIYA ◽

◽

NARENDRA GEHALOT ◽

SURESH CHANDRA MAHAJAN ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Bilayer Tablets ◽

Bilayer Tablet ◽

Conventional Drug ◽

Gastro Retentive

NDDS is advanced drug delivery system which improves drug potency, control drug release to give a sustained therapeutic effect, provide greater safety, finally it is to target a drug specifically to a desired tissue. Novel drug delivery system have been developed to overcome the limitation of conventional drug delivery systems, such as of gastric retention by decreasing fluctuations in the concentration of the drug in blood,resulting in the reduction in unwanted toxicity and poor efficiency. As compared to traditional dosage forms bilayer tablets are more efficient for sequential release of two drugs that can be different or identical. Bilayer tablet is also capable of separating two incompatible substances and also for sustained release. Gastro retentive drug delivery system retains the period of dosage forms in the stomach or upper gastro intes-tinal tract ,as to improve bioavailability and the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs. Mainly the bilayer drug delivery system is suitable for drugs whose therapethic windows are narrow in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and also they have low elimination half life: 3-4 h. The purpose of this review is to disclose the challenges faced during the formulation of bilayer tablets. Finally, the whole article is firmly analyzed in a concluding paragraph. KEYWORDS: Conventional drug delivery systems, Bilayer tablet, Gastro retentive, Bioavailability

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FORMULATION OF POLY HERBAL NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR ANTI RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

YMER Digital ◽

10.37896/ymer21.01/04 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 21 (01) ◽

pp. 41-55

Author(s):

L Tamilselvi ◽

◽

R Senthamarai ◽

A.M. Ismail ◽

T Shri Vijaya Kirubha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Temporal Position ◽

Transdermal Patch ◽

Herbal Drug ◽

Conventional Dosage

Novel herbal drug delivery system opens new vistas for delivery of herbal drugs at right place, at right concentration, for right period of time and also gives scientific angle to verify the standardization of herbal drug. Herbal Transdermal patches can develop valuable assessment and drug safety by additional site specific the way and temporal position in the body’s imperative to reduce the number and size of doses required to achieve the objective of systemic medication during topical application to the intact skin surface. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease of unknown cause. It is characterized by persistent inflammation that primarily affects the peripheral joints. In the present study, herbal transdermal patch was developed by using ethanolic extract of leaves of Cardiospermum halicacabum and rhizomes of Drynaria quercifolia that had already been widely used for the treatment of arthritis in conventional dosage forms. Evaluation of the developed patch for the effectiveness against RA was done by in vitro methods in terms of inhibition of albumin denaturation, measurement of Interleukin-6 cytokines by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Assay (ELISA). IC-50 value was determined from albumin denaturation inhibition assay. The herbal patch significantly and dosedependently inhibited Interleukin–6 cytokines. The present study revealed that the formulated polyherbal Transdermal patch will be the better drug of choice for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis as compared to the conventional dosage forms.

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A Brief Review on Topical Gels as Drug Delivery System

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47a33020 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 344-357

Author(s):

Chinmoy Bhuyan ◽

Dipankar Saha ◽

Bipul Rabha

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Topical Drug Delivery ◽

Topical Gel ◽

Semi Solid ◽

Gel Formulations ◽

Topical Gels

The method of applying prescription dosage forms to the skin for direct treatment of a cutaneous disorder is known as a topical drug delivery system. Topical gels are semisolid dosage forms in which a liquid phase is constrained within a three-dimensional polymeric matrix derived from natural or semi-synthetic sources with high physical or chemical cross-linking. Because of their intermediate behavior between solid and liquid materials, topical gels are an excellent candidate for transdermal drug delivery. Clinical evidence indicates that topical gel is a safe and effective treatment choice for the management of skin-related diseases, especially when used for local action to avoid the side effects of other conventional dosage forms. Gels, cream, ointment, and paste are the most commonly used semi-solid formulations for topical drug delivery. Gels are colloids in which the liquid medium has thickened to the extent that it behaves like a solid. Since topical gel formulations are less greasy and can be quickly removed from the skin, they offer better drug delivery. In comparison to cream, ointment, and paste, gel formulations have improved application properties and consistency. This article aims to review the principles and recent developments in topical gels, including classification, methods of preparation, applications, and so on.

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Fenofibrate Niosomes by Modified Ether Injection Method- of Proper Diet to Help Lower “Bad

Gastroenterology Pancreatology and Hepatobilary Disorders ◽

10.31579/2641-5194/005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 01-03

Author(s):

Garrepalli Samatha

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

The Body ◽

Therapeutic Window ◽

Prolonged Release ◽

Site Of Action ◽

Active Entity

The quest never ends. From the very beginning of the human race the quest is going on for newer and better alternatives and in case of drugs it will continue till we find a drug with maximum efficacy and no side effects. Many drugs, particularly chemotherapeutic agents, have narrow therapeutic window and their clinical uses are limited and compromised by dose limiting toxic effect. Thus, the therapeutic effectiveness of the existing drugs is improved by formulating them in an advantageous way. In the past few decades, considerable attention has been focused on the development of new drug delivery system (NDDS). The NDDS should ideally full fill two prerequisites. Firstly, it should deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body, over the period of treatment. Secondly, it should channel the active entity to the site of action. Conventional dosage forms including prolonged release dosage forms are unable to meet none of these. At present, no available drug delivery system behaves ideally, but sincere attempts have been made to achieve them through various novel approaches in drug delivery1. Approaches are being adapted to achieve this goal, by paying considerable attention either to control the distribution of drug by incorporating it in a carrier system, or by altering the structure of the drug at the molecular level, or to control the input of the drug into the bio environment to ensure an appropriate profile of distribution.

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RECENT UPDATE ON PRONIOSOMAL GEL AS TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.28558 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Jampala Rajkumar ◽

Radha Gv ◽

Trideva Sastri K ◽

Sadhana Burada

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Minimal Amount ◽

Hydrophilic Drugs ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Gel Texture ◽

Drug Delivery Carrier ◽

Semi Solid

An existence of transdermal delivery tool, proniosomal gel, has established to showed remarkable development for lipophilic/hydrophilic drugs over additional formulations. Newer drugs of lipophilic nature emerge poor bioavailability, irregular absorption, and pharmacokinetic changes. Therefore, this novel drug delivery system has been proved advantageous over other oral and topical delivery of drug candidates to bypass such disruption. This proniosomal gel basically is a compact semi-solid liquid crystalline (gel) composed of non-ionic surfactants easily formed on dissolving the surfactant in a minimal amount of acceptable solvent and the least amount of aqueous phase and phosphate buffer. Topical application of gel under occlusive condition during which they are converted into nisomes due to hydration by water in the skin present itself. Proniosomal gels are typically present in transparent, translucent, or white semisolid gel texture, which makes them physically stable throughout storage and transport. This review provides an important overview of the preparation, formulation, evaluation, and application of proniosome gel as a drug delivery carrier.

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Microsponges as Innovative Drug Delivery Systems

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2012.5.1.2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1597-1606

Author(s):

Dipit Jagannath Ingale ◽

N H Aloorkar ◽

A S KulkarnI ◽

R.A. Patil Patil

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

Release Mechanism ◽

Transdermal Drug Delivery System ◽

Innovative Drug ◽

Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽

Improved Stability ◽

Highly Porous

Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is not practicable for delivery of materials whose final target is skin itself. Controlled release of drugs onto the epidermis with assurance that the drug remains primarily localized and does not enter the systemic circulation in significant amounts is a challenging area of research. Microsponges are highly porous micro-sized particles with a unique ability for entrapping active pharmaceutical ingredients. To control the delivery rate of active agents to a predetermined site in human body has been one of the biggest challenges faced by scientists. Microsponges are safe biologically and offer unique advantage of programmable release. This technology offers entrapment of ingredients and is believed to contribute towards reduced side effects, improved stability, increased elegance and enhanced formulation flexibility. This technology is being used for topical formulations and also for oral administration. The present review describes microsponge technology including its preparation, characterization, programmable parameters and release mechanism of microsponge drug delivery system.

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