scholarly journals Aplikasi Smartphone Efektif digunakan untuk Pengawasan Keseimbangan Cairan pada Anak dengan Penyakit Infeksi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Nuraidah Nuraidah ◽  
Nani Nurhaeni ◽  
Dessie Wanda
Keyword(s):  
Kappa Test

Latar belakang: Keseimbangan cairan sangat penting untuk kelangsungan hidup  sehingga pengawasan cairan perlu diperhatikan. Pencatatan keseimbangan cairan diperlukan untuk menjadi dasar penilaian yang akurat dari status keseimbangan cairan pasien anak dan menjadi dasar pertimbangan pemberian terapi selanjutnya. Untuk memudahkan perawat melakukan pencatatan keseimbangan cairan yang akurat diperlukan inovasi menggunakan teknologi berbasis smartphone. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitas pengawasan cairan menggunakan lembar observasi dengan aplikasi smartphone. Metode: Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengembangan aplikasi smartphone bernama SIMBaCaAn berdasarkan tinjauan pustaka yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison,Outcome). Uji efektifitas aplikasi SIMBaCaAn dilakukan pada 48 pasien anak yang dirawat di salah satu rumah sakit rujukan di DKI Jakarta. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji statistik Kappa Test. Hasil: Pengawasan keseimbangan cairan yang menggunakan lembar observasi menghasilkan pencatatan data tidak lengkap sebesar 14,6%, data lengkap tidak tepat 20,8% dan data lengkap tepat sebanyak 64,4 %. Sedangkan pengawasan keseimbangan cairan menggunakan aplikasi SIMBaCaAn didapatkan hasil data tidak lengkap 18,7% dan hasil data lengkap tepat 81,3%. Dari hasil uji statistik, ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengawasan keseimbangan cairan menggunakan aplikasi dan lembar observasi. Kesimpulan: Aplikasi smartphone lebih efektif terhadap pencatatan keseimbangan cairan secara lengkap tepat dibandingkan dengan lembar observasi manual.

Analisis Informasi Citra Anatomi Vaskular dengan Multi Planar Reformating (MPR) dan Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) pada Fase Early Arteri Pemeriksaan MSCT Abdomen

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Ratna Istiningrum ◽  
Fatimah Fatimah ◽  
Tri Wulanhandarini
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Intensity Projection ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Anatomical Image ◽  
Parametric Statistical Test ◽  
Early Arterial Phase

Background: The development in the field of image reconstruction is growing rapidly along with the development of  CT Scan. In  the early stages of  MSCT abdominal artery is usually found  various kinds of vascular abnormalities such as stenosis, aneurism and others. Post processing image techniques commonly used include MPR and MIP. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference between MPR and MIP techniques and to know which one is better between the two.Methods: This  research was  quantitative study with experimental approach. The study was conducted at Bhakti Dharma Husada Surabaya Hospital  with 15 samples by performing reconstruction on vascular anatomical image of coronal examination of  abdominal MSCT. Assessment of anatomical information data is done by 2 respondents. Data analysis was done by kappa test followed by Wilcoxon sign rank test.Result : The results showed the difference between the post-processing of MIP and MPR on the coronal stages of the early arterial phase of the abdominal MSCT examination, based on the results of  non-parametric statistical test analysis (Wilcoxon) showed  a significant value of p value = 0.001. The result of MIP mean rank value (8,46) is higher than the mean rank value of MPR (1,50), it can be known that post proceeding MIP technique on coronal phase cuts early arterial examination of abdominal MSCT produces better anatomical image information.Conclusion: On examination of abdominal MSCT in the early arterial phase should be at the time of processing the image is also done by using post-processing MIP because more clearly than the MPR.

scholarly journals POS1157 CONCORDANCE BETWEEN THE QUANTIFERON-TB GOLD IN-TUBE AND TUBERCULIN TEST FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 857.1-857
Author(s):  
C. Pávez Perales ◽  
A. Quiles Roger ◽  
E. Grau García ◽  
M. De la Rubia Navarro ◽  
S. Leal Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Ltbi Screening ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Receive Treatment

Background:Patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) are at higher risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reactivation. To detect and treat it before starting treatment, especially with biological therapies, decrease the reactivation risk. Diagnosis is carried out by the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), IGRAs might be more specific and sensitive.Objectives:We aim to analyze the concordance between QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QTF) and TST for the diagnosis of LTBI in patients with rheumatic diseases.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted including patients diagnosed with RD screened for LTBI with both TST and QTF (2014-2018). Demographical and clinical variables at screening and at follow-up were collected. The concordance between both tests has been estimated as categorical variables using Cohen´s Kappa test, considering “poor” if it is ≤ 0,20; “low” if 0,20 < k ≤ 0,40, “moderate” if 0,40 < k ≤ 0,60, “substantial” if 0,60 < k ≤ 0,80 and “optimal” if k > 0,80.Results:167 patients were included (57% women) with a mean age of 52±16 years. 42% of them had systemic autoimmune diseases, 22% spondyloarthropathies and 36% other RD. 2 had history of past active tuberculosis (TB). At the time of screening, 46.11% were treated with GC.LTBI was diagnosed in 35 patients: 15 had both QTF and TST positive, 16 only QTF positive and 4 only TST positive. 12 from 31 QTF positive patients were treated with GC at the time of screening. 3 from 19 TST positive patients were treated with GC at the time of screening.After LTBI screening 62 patients received biological treatment, 4 of them had both test positive, 6 only QTF positive and 2 only TST positive. 11 received LTBI treatment according to the hospital protocol (isoniazid for 6 to 9 months). 10 completed treatment, 1 did not because of intolerance and did not receive other treatment. 1 patient with only TST positive was considered a false positive and did not receive treatment. During follow-up no TB reactivation was reported.23 patients with LBTI received treatment other than biological therapy during follow-up, of them 8 received LBTI treatment. There was no TB reactivation during follow up.The Kappa concordance between QTF and TST was estimated: moderated in the whole sample, poor in the patients treated with GC at screening, and substantial when the patients treated with GC at screening were excluded. Results are shown in Table 1.Table 1.Kappa concordance between QTF and TST.Conclusion:QTF seems to be the most appropriate LTBI screening test in patients with RD treated with GC. Screening and treatment of LTBI in patients with RD treated with or without biological agents was effective in reducing TB reactivation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Terminal ileum of patients who underwent colonoscopy: endoscopic, histologic and clinical aspects

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Maia Caixeta de Melo ◽  
Patrícia Maluf Cury ◽  
Luiz Sérgio Ronchi ◽  
Francisco de Assis Gonçalves-Filho ◽  
Geni Satomi Cunrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Ileal Mucosa ◽  
Histological Alterations ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
A Prospective Study

CONTEXT: For the diagnosis of the diseases which affect the terminal ileum, the colonoscopy allows macroscopic evaluation and the performing of biopsies. Studies with criteria for the endoscopic and histological characterization of this segment are scarce and there are still some doubts about the need of biopsies in patients with normal ileoscopy. OBJECTIVE: Study the terminal ileum of patients who underwent colonoscopy considering: endoscopic and histological correlation; agreement between results of the initial histological evaluation and slides review, and the chance of subjects with normal ileoscopy with abdominal pain and/or chronic diarrhea to show histological alterations. METHODS: In a prospective study, 111 patients who presented smooth mucosa without enanthema in the endoscopic exam of the terminal ileum were selected. Biopsies of the ileal mucosa of such patients were performed, being the slides routinely examined and reviewed afterwards. RESULTS: The correlation between patients with normal ileoscopy and ileum with preserved histological architecture was of 99.1%. The agreement between initial histological evaluation and slides review calculated by the Kappa test was 0.21. In patients with abdominal pain and/or chronic diarrhea, the chance of showing histological alterations was 2.5 times higher than the others. CONCLUSIONS: The correlation between endoscopic and histological findings was high. The agreement between the initial histologic evaluation and slides review was not satisfactory. The chance of subjects with normal ileoscopy with abdominal pain and/or chronic diarrhea, showing histological alterations was higher in relation to the asymptomatic ones or with other symptoms, although the clinical importance of this datum was not evaluated.

A Pretest – Posttest Pilot Study for the Development and Preliminary validation of a tool for the clinical assessment of Radioiodine Induced Sialadenitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRI CHRISTOU ◽  
Evridiki Papastavrou ◽  
Anastasios Merkouris ◽  
Andreas Charalambous
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Eortc Qlq

Abstract Background: The clinical assessment of radioiodine -induced sialadenitis is relied on the observer-defined toxicity grading model. However, this model has significant limitations, the major one being the lack of systematic assessment based on objective criteria. The main aim of this study was the development and testing of an assessment tool which could examine the severity of post irradiation sialadenitis.Methods: The development of the Sialadenitis Assessment Tool proceeded through three phases. The first and second phase included a literature review and the development of the tool which derived from the review, respectively. The third phase involved a pilot testing of the Assessment Tool to a sample of 34 patients undergoing I131. The assessment was carried out by two independent HCPs, pre- and post-radioiodine therapy. The results of the assessment tool were compared to other scales, including the DIRIX and EORTC H&N35.Results: The Cohen’s kappa test, suggested that the Sialadenitis Assessment Tool (SAT) is a reliable tool for the assessment of sialadenitis (Cohen’s K =1). The concurrent and internal validity tests, showed a tendency of association with most variables (p <0.001) in the DIRIX s and EORTC QLQ-HN35 scales.Conclusions: Preliminary evidence show that Sialadenitis Assessment Tool is a valid and reliable tool to assess radioiodine-induced sialadenitis in patients undergoing I131 therapy post thyroidectomy.

scholarly journals Compreensão da prescrição de medicamentos em uma unidade básica de saúde: autorrelato do usuário e aferição pelo pesquisador

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 24934
Author(s):  
Cristiane Olinda Coradi ◽  
Jussara Dos Santos Cardoso ◽  
Ronara Camila de Souza Groia ◽  
Karina Cristina Lima Silva ◽  
Maria das Graças Braga Ceccato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

Aims: To evaluate the understanding of drug prescriptions by patients, comparing the user self-report with the researcher assessment.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to February 2014 at a Basic Health Unit in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Users 18 years of age or older who sought medicines in the unit's pharmacy, for themselves or for minors under their care, were interviewed. The selection of the sample was non-probabilistic, for convenience. During the interview, the users informed if they had understood the following data of the prescriptions: drug name, dose and frequency of administration. Participants then repeated the data for researchers, being allowed to check the prescriptions at the same time. After the interviews, the answers to the questions were interpreted by the researchers, who evaluated the agreement between the information provided by the users and the actual instructions of the recipes, using the Kappa test.Results: Data were collected from 69 users of the unit's pharmacy (corresponding to 69 delivered prescriptions). Fifty-nine (85.5%) users reported having understood all the prescriptions data (self-report), while according to the measurement of the researchers, 23 (33.3%) were the respondents who simultaneously understood all data, relating to the name of the drug, number of daily doses and schedule. Kappa test indicated a degree of agreement between self-report and measurement of researchers of 0.138 (slight) considering all items of the prescription, and specifically on the number of doses the agreement was -0.055 (poor).Conclusions: Self-reported rate of patient's understanding of drug prescriptions was higher than the assessed by the researchers. This result suggests that self-report of patients with respect to the understanding of prescriptions has limitations and should be interpreted with caution both in research and in clinical practice. It is recommended to enhance the means of providing information to patients, in order to contribute to the proper understanding of drug prescriptions.

scholarly journals Reproducibility of a new classification of the anterior clinoid process of the sphenoid bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Feres Chaddad-Neto ◽  
Marcos Devanir Silva da Costa ◽  
Bruno Santos ◽  
Ricardo Lourenco Caramanti ◽  
Bruno Lourenco Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstruction ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Anterior Clinoid Process ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Optic Strut ◽  
The Difference

Background: Pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process (ACP) affects paraclinoid region surgery, this anatomical variation occurs in 6.6–27.7% of individuals, making its preoperative recognition essential given the need for correction based on the anatomy of the pneumatized process. This study was conducted to evaluate the reproducibility of an optic strut-based ACP pneumatization classification by presenting radiological examinations to a group of surgeons. Methods: Thirty cranial computer tomography (CT) scans performed from 2013 to 2014 were selected for analysis by neurosurgery residents and neurosurgeons. The evaluators received Google Forms with questionnaires on each scan, DICOM files to be manipulated in the Horos software for multiplanar reconstruction, and a collection of slides demonstrating the steps for classifying each type of ACP pneumatization. Interobserver agreement was calculated by the Fleiss kappa test. Results: Thirty CT scans were analyzed by 37 evaluators, of whom 20 were neurosurgery residents and 17 were neurosurgeons. The overall reproducibility of the ACP pneumatization classification showed a Fleiss kappa index of 0.49 (95% confidence interval: 0.49–0.50). The interobserver agreement indices for the residents and neurosurgeons were 0.52 (0.51–0.53) and 0.49 (0.48–0.50), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.00001). Conclusion: The optic strut-based classification of ACP pneumatization showed acceptable concordance. Minor differences were observed in the agreement between the residents and neurosurgeons. These differences could be explained by the residents’ presumably higher familiarity with multiplanar reconstruction software.

scholarly journals The diagnosis of delirium in 80 emergency unit patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
AFONSO CARLOS NEVES ◽  
RICARDO DE CASTRO CINTRA SESSO ◽  
HENRIQUE BALLALAI FERRAZ ◽  
SÍLVIO FRANCISCO ◽  
JOÃO BAPTISTA DOS REIS-FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Initial Diagnosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

We evaluated the initial and final diagnosis of 80 patients with delirium arriving at the emergence unit of a university hospital in a large Brazilian city over a period of 30 months up to December 1991. The diagnosis was based on the DSM-IIIR criteria. Patients with a known history of head trauma or epileptic seizure and patients younger than 13 years were excluded. Only patients with a disease of up to 7 days were included.The patients were subdivided into four etiologic groups: vascular; associated with the use of alcohol; infectious-parasitic; miscellaneous.The results showed a rate of correct diagnosis ranging from 65 to 80% with the use of kappa test (standard good to excelent). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values had results showing different conditions for initial diagnosis in each group. This study can help the initial diagnosis of delirium and the choice for diagnostic testing.

scholarly journals Combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in evaluating follow-up of urinary bladder cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Fuquan Jiang ◽  
Changfeng Li ◽  
Jiansong Han
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Kappa Test

Abstract Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly prevalent disease and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and cost. This paper aims to explore the combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in diagnosing recurrent UBC. Methods: A total of 1021 cases of primary UBC undergone electrocision of bladder tumor through urethra were included and were subjected to follow up every 3 month within 2 years. B ultrasound, DAPK methylation in urinary sediment, examination of exfoliated cells in urine and cystoscopy were performed during the follow up. The data recorded in follow up were subjected to chi-square test and Kappa test. ROC was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic role of each parameter in recurrent UBC. Results: Among the 1021 patients, 115 patients were found with recurrent UBC by cystoscopy and biopsy two years after the operation, and failed to complete the follow up, thus the effective number of follow up was 906. The cystoscopy results were not only consistent with that of B ultrasound (Kappa = 0.785, P < 0.05), but also agreed with that of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation (Kappa = 0.517, P < 0.05, Kappa = 0.593, P < 0.05). ROC curve indicated that the area under curve of combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation was 0.922 (sensitivity, 92.86%; specificity, 91.63%; Youden index, 0.845) with negative prediction value of 99.4% which suggested that the recurrent risk would be low in case negative results were obtained. Conclusion: Those data supported that combination of DAPK methylation with B ultrasound has high performance in diagnosing recurrent UBC.

scholarly journals Problem-based learning in dentistry: Diagnostic capability of dentists in the detection of calcified carotid artery atheroma on digital panoramic radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e70991110451
Author(s):  
Beatriz Caio Felipe ◽  
Fernanda Chiguti Yamashita ◽  
Amanda Lury Yamashita ◽  
Ana Carolina Caio Passoni ◽  
Breno Gabriel da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Operational Characteristic ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Experienced Radiologist ◽  
Diagnostic Capability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Systemic Health

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic capability of dentists in the identification of suggestive images of calcified carotid artery atheroma (CCAA) on panoramic radiographs (PRs) before and after using a problem-based learning method (PBL). Methodology: Five dentists (no specialists in oral and maxillofacial radiology) analyzed 102 digital PRs divided into: PRs with suggestive images of CCAA (n=51) and without suggestive images of CCAA (n=51). After the first analysis, the examiners attended an activity on soft tissue calcifications using the PBL method. Afterwards, they analyzed the 102 PRs again. The results of the analysis were calculated using the Cohen's Kappa Test and the Receptor Operational Characteristic Curves (ROC). Results and Discussion: Regarding examiners’ performance before and after the activity, the intra-examiner test showed reasonable Kappa coefficients (0-0.40). For inter-examiner agreement after the activity, the Kappa coefficient was almost perfect (> 0.80). When comparing examiners’ performance after the activity with a template performed by an experienced radiologist, the Kappa Coefficient was > 0.80 with significant agreement (p<0.05). Conclusion: The precision and the probability of correctly detecting suggestive images of CCAA on PRs increased when the examiners participated in the active pedagogical method. The continuing education of the dentist and how it can make a difference in the systemic health of patients should be considered.

scholarly journals An audit of root canal filling quality performed by undergraduate pre-clinical dental students, Yemen

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Saleh Al-Anesi ◽  
Mohammed M. AlKhawlani ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alkheraif ◽  
Abdulghani Ali Al-Basmi ◽  
Mohammed Nasser Alhajj
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Mandibular Teeth

Abstract Background Dental students are future dentists. Continuous assessment and improving of the educational curricula will ensure excellent academic performance of dental students and thus providing the community with the best treatment modalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal filling quality performed in extracted teeth by preclinical undergraduate Yemeni dental students. Methods Root canal treatment was performed by undergraduate preclinical dental students on 331 extracted human teeth including 741 roots. The teeth were then collected and evaluated radiographically based on three criteria of quality (length, density, and taper). Cohen’s Kappa test was used to assess the agreement between the examiners and Chi-squared test was used for the association between the study variables. The level of significant was set at α < 0.05. Results The results of the study revealed that the overall quality of roots canals fillings was poor. However, more than half of the study sample (53.4%) had adequate length, 13.1% had adequate density, and 14.2% had adequate taper. Anterior as well as single-rooted teeth had significantly better quality than posterior and multi-rooted teeth, respectively. The root canal fillings quality mandibular teeth was better than of maxillary teeth with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion The findings of the study emphasize the need of improving the endodontic course in the preclinical level and more advanced techniques and instruments should be incorporated.

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