scholarly journals «Desire to be Observed»: Francis Fukuyama in Search of Explanation for the New Tendencies in World Politics

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Timofey DMITRIEV
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Francis Fukuyama

The review article provides a critical analysis of the main points of Francis Fukuyama's latest book, which deals with the identity crisis of Western liberal democracy. The author focuses on Fukuyama's assessment of actual global developments from the perspective of struggle of nations and groups for recognition. Special attention is given to the role that a broadly understood national identity could play in stabilizing social and political processes of the modern world.

scholarly journals Education Policies, Discourse of Ideology and the Construction of National Identity in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shafiq Qurban ◽  
Husnul Amin
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Impact

National Governments have controlled education policy to construct national identity according to the agenda of the government of the time. Education policy promotes discourse of ideology to construct national identity. Islam has always influenced formulation of education policies in Pakistan. This article explores the impact of change in governments upon discourse of ideology in education policies in the construction of national identity. It is based on primary data collected from education policies of 1947, 1959, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1979, 1992, 1998 and 2009. Discourse analysis reveals the fact that governments in Pakistan have used divergent discourses of Islamic ideology. The discontinuity in discourse of Islamic ideology has obstructed nation-building resulting in identity crisis. This research suggests that governments should follow identical discourse of ideology in education policies for nation-building with exigencies of time rather than using divergent policies.

scholarly journals MODERN UKRAINIAN PUBLICISM: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-97
Author(s):  
Ihor Pavlyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
New Type ◽  
Chaotic Nature

The purposeof this article is to study the philosophical and psychological, ideological and historically natural states and trends of changes in modern Ukrainian journalism in the context of its potential deepening of democratic freedoms, coverage of war issues, global universal problems.The methodological basis of our study is the distinction betweenthe concepts of Ukrainian-language and Ukrainian-language journalism, informativeness and journalistic-analytical on the level of subjectivized emotions in the text, which in the communicative plane turn it into metatext, because journalism itself includes in various, preferably harmonious, propositional, analytical, simple display). Among our research methods: phenomenological, comparative, psychoanalytic (probing archetypes), hermeneutic, deconstructivist (search for non-systemic meanings in texts and meanings of consciousness).As a result of the study, a comprehensive analysis of Ukrainian modern journalism in the context of changes in forms, forms, their genre modifications and transformations, in particular −in propaganda and demagoguery, modernization of technical means of dissemination of journalistic texts taking into account internal socio-political processes (chaotic) nature of information developmentof society in Ukraine) and external geopolitical challenges.The obtained results allowed us to formulate the following conclusions.Ukrainian modern journalism is a consolidating information and propaganda enzyme, co-creator of ideological matrices, taking into account the preservation of national identity and features of modern world media culture:its multimedia, interactivity, implementation in electronic media, where the dynamic development of information technology and the expansion of information , and produce and retransmit it, which symbolizes the emergence of a new type of journalism in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Lessons of the Great Patriotic War and World War II for Contemporary Russia

2015 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
I. I. Belousov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Right ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War 70 years have passed. Essentially already gone a generation of people for whom it was not a story, and the nationwide disaster and personal experience. And let time more and more we move away from the victory of 1945, the value and results of the war are enormous for the future of the modern world. Memory of the Great Victory presents to all of us now living, special requirements, the main of which consists in the fact that based on the analysis draw the necessary lessons from the past, draw the right conclusions for the safety of modern Russia. Over the years, the world has changed considerably. On the stage of world politics, a host of new independent states. There are new centers of economic development, and hence the new poles of power. Meanwhile, the events of recent months show that the main results of the Victory have not lost their importance today. This is best spoken of their incessant attempts to challenge by distorting the main points of the war and its lessons. And, obviously, it is no accident the day before and during the celebration of 70th anniversary of Victory wishing her to steal the peoples of Russia have been particularly active, as they claim - stiff and awkward. For domestic historiography it is not something unexpected. On the socio-political, military and economic results of the Second World War written many works, but probably in the light of the development of military-political processes in the world of individual instructive lesson it is important not to forget.

Spirituality as World Politics Factor

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 148-167
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Perevezentsev
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Traditional Religions ◽  
Spiritual Crisis

he article examines the phenomenon of the spiritual factor of historical development, its influence on the emergence of various historical phenomena, and proposes to take into account the spiritual factor along with other factors of historical development (economic, political, social, climatic, etc.). The concepts of “spirit”, “spirituality”, “spiritual crisis”, “spiritual confrontation” are considered in the traditional for those concepts religious key. From the traditionalist point of view, the concept of “humanism” as the religion of man-God is analyzed. The article shows the confrontation between the teachings of humanism and traditional religions, as spiritual confrontation of various religious teachings. The main spiritual and political processes in the modern world are revealed.

German Social Democracy and Hitler's “National Revolution” of 1933: A Study in Democratic Leadership

1953 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis J. Edinger
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Democratic Party ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Democratic Norms

The comparative ease with which authoritarian groups have come to power in nations where large parties stood pledged to defend the democratic order to the bitter end has become one of the most disturbing elements in modern world politics. Such developments have brought into question the validity of accepted liberal-democratic norms governing the behavior of responsible leaders, both in the domestic opposition to the authoritarian regime and in foreign governments whose security arrangements are adversely affected by the suppression of free institutions. Basically, these traditional norms have implied non-interference with constitutional political processes and acceptance of their consequences. On June 23, 1933, Hitler outlawed the German Social Democratic Party (SPD), which for over four decades, until 1932, had been the largest German party and, since the founding of the Weimar Republic iri 1918, the principal advocate and defender of the democratic system and a peaceful foreign policy. In considering the actions of its leadership from the accession of Hitler to the outlawing of the party, this article seeks to contribute to a re-examination of these accepted norms, particularly insofar as they concern the behavior of a liberal-democratic mass party faced with a government seeking total power.

scholarly journals Diasporas and Armed Conflicts: beyond Being “Third Party”

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
I. D. Loshkariov
Keyword(s):  
World Politics ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Third Party

The article discusses an essential dimension of modern diaspora research related to the functional status of diasporas in contemporary armed conflicts. The conventional point of view is that diasporas can only act as the “third party” of the conflict by either contributing to the deepening of the contradictions between the opposing parties or acting as an intermediary between them. In theoretical terms, the author relies on the concept of “new” or network wars (netwars) and tries to demonstrate that there are the prerequisites for more active involvement of diasporas in armed conflicts at the structural level of modern world political processes. To identify the structural requirements for such participation, the author turns to the analysis of two cases. The first case is the emergence and functioning of the 1st Polish Corps in 1917-1918 in Russia, which was formed when the Polish population of Russia was separated from their territory of origin as a result of the First World War. An analysis of the documents shows that the leadership of the corps quite clearly evaded political subordination to the Russian authorities and retained only military subordination, implying that the task of this unit was to participate in the restoration of Polish statehood. The second case is the genesis and evolution of the “Secret Army” of General Wang Pao in Laos in 1960-1974. This unit played an essential role in the Civil War in Laos, as it managed to restrain the onslaught of the superior forces of the Patet Lao Front and troops from North Vietnam. Such long-term participation in hostilities was made possible thanks to US special services' logistical and technical support. The two case studies allow us to conclude that there were armed units in previous historical periods with a clear diaspora component: they made a significant contribution to the overall dynamics of the confrontation between major parties to the conflict. This experience helps analyze contemporary conflicts with the diaspora component, especially in the context of the gradual erosion of power resources in world politics. The participation of diasporas in armed conflicts outside the “third party” framework is associated with the achievement of several conditions, both internal and external ones.

Identity: The demand for dignity and the politics of resentment

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Enrico L. JOSEPH
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Economic Motivation ◽  
Francis Fukuyama ◽  
The People ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Powerful Interest

Identity is an urgent and necessary book―a sharp warning that unless we forge a universal understanding of human dignity, we will doom ourselves to continuing conflict. In 2014, Francis Fukuyama wrote that American institutions were in decay, as the state was progressively captured by powerful interest groups. Two years later, his predictions were borne out by the rise to power of a series of political outsiders whose economic nationalism and authoritarian tendencies threatened to destabilize the entire international order. These populist nationalists seek direct charismatic connection to “the people,” who are usually defined in narrow identity terms that offer an irresistible call to an in-group and exclude large parts of the population as a whole.Demand for recognition of one’s identity is a master concept that unifies much of what is going on in world politics today. The universal recognition on which liberal democracy is based has been increasingly challenged by narrower forms of recognition based on nation, religion, sect, race, ethnicity, or gender, which have resulted in anti-immigrant populism, the upsurge of politicized Islam, the fractious “identity liberalism” of college campuses, and the emergence of white nationalism. Populist nationalism, said to be rooted in economic motivation, actually springs from the demand for recognition and therefore cannot simply be satisfied by economic means. The demand for identity cannot be transcended; we must begin to shape identity in a way that supports rather than undermines democracy.

scholarly journals School of History

2014 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
V. I. Ukolova
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Historical School ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
History Of

The current international processes and events, world politics at the beginning of the 21 century have once again clearly demonstrated that their meaning often emerges through the historical context without which the understanding of what is happening is hardly possible. Rector of MGIMO A.V. Torkunov in his talk on International relations as an educational discipline remarked that "as for sciences the basis of professionalism is mathematical skills and competencies, for international relations such a basis is history". Historical disciplines are taught at MGIMO from the very start of education process. MGIMO is one of the leading centers of research in the fields of history, political sciences and humanities. Here, in different years academics E.V. Tarle, L.N. Ivanov, V.G. Trukhanovskiy, A.L. Narochnitskiy and other prominent scholars and historians taught. Historical School of MGIMO has united important areas of historical science: the history of political processes in the twentieth century, modern history, the history of international relations and diplomacy, historical regional studies and cultural studies, oriental, philosophy and theory of history. The best traditions of the MGIMO historical school incorporated by its founders, make the foundation of its development at present. In 1992, the Department of MGIMO world and national history was established. The principle innovation was the combination of two components - historical education and historical science. This made it possible to present the story of Russia as an important part of the world history, opened up prospects for the implementation of comparative history, the synthesis of specific historical approaches and generalized global vision of civilization and human development. The historical school has realised a number of research projects, including "Alexander Nevsky" and the multi-volume "Great Victory", the work continues on a research project "Russia in the Modern World", and on a project "Synchronous History", etc.

scholarly journals The Influence of Modern International Terrorism on the Main Megatrends of Modern World Politics

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Hasan Jabbarinasir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Contemporary World

The article analyzes the influence of modern terrorism on two megatrends of contemporary world politics – globalization and democratization, which are linked with three levels of political organization of modern world – the Westphalian system, the system of interstate relations and the political system of states. A simplified method of constructing a forecasting scenario is used, which provides a description of the influence of terrorism on the dynamics of the development of globalization and democratization in the future. The author relies on the ideas of a cyclical approach, according to which “upward” and “downward” stages are inherent characteristic of social and political processes. It has been established that modern international terrorism uses the uneven distribution of benefits from globalization and its unifying characteristics in the sphere of culture and social relations in its destructive ideology and practice. As a result, globalization in the least developed countries is perceived in a negative way, and the risks of local rollbacks for this phenomenon remain. Long-term recommendations are proposed to improve the current situation. A scenario of anti-terrorist struggle, its state and prospects, and the dynamics of the two selected megatrends in the context of those scenarios have been developed. Results. It is concluded that terrorism is a significant negative factor for globalization and democratization. The first feels the influence of terrorism at the local level and it is unlikely to become a de-globalizing force, while the direct or indirect influence of international terrorism on the dynamic of democratization waves can be more significant.

Information Component of Disintegration Processes in Spain and Great Britain: the Comparative Aspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-154
Author(s):  
Vasyl Karpo ◽  
Nataliia Nechaieva-Yuriichuk
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times

From ancient times till nowadays information plays a key role in the political processes. The beginning of XXI century demonstrated the transformation of global security from military to information, social etc. aspects. The widening of pandemic demonstrated the weaknesses of contemporary authoritarian states and the power of human-oriented states. During the World War I the theoretical and practical interest toward political manipulation and political propaganda grew definitely. After 1918 the situation developed very fast and political propaganda became the part of political influence. XX century entered into the political history as the millennium of propaganda. The collapse of the USSR and socialist system brought power to new political actors. The global architecture of the world has changed. Former Soviet republic got independence and tried to separate from Russia. And Ukraine was between them. The Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine was the start point for a number of processes in world politics. But the most important was the fact that the role and the place of information as the challenge to world security was reevaluated. The further annexation of Crimea, the attempt to legitimize it by the comparing with the referendums in Scotland and Catalonia demonstrated the willingness of Russian Federation to keep its domination in the world. The main difference between the referendums in Scotland and in Catalonia was the way of Russian interference. In 2014 (Scotland) tried to delegitimised the results of Scottish referendum because they were unacceptable for it. But in 2017 we witness the huge interference of Russian powers in Spain internal affairs, first of all in spreading the independence moods in Catalonia. The main conclusion is that the world has to learn some lessons from Scottish and Catalonia cases and to be ready to new challenges in world politics in a format of information threats.

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