scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF DESTRUCTIVE FACTORS ON THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Ivonchak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

The article highlights the main destructive factors influencing the economic security of business, namely: risks, threats and dangers, the impact of which leads to undesirable changes in the structure, functions, parameters and effectiveness of business. In the context of scientific research on the nature and relationship of the concepts of «risk», «danger», «threat», as well as their impact on business, the work of both foreign and domestic scientists. The analysis of modern economic scientific literature made it possible to explore the theoretical and methodological approaches of both domestic and foreign scientists in the interpretation of these economic categories. In turn, this allowed us to summarize and present the most common of the existing approaches to defining the categories of «threat», «risk» and «danger» using a table. According to this study, a significant variety of approaches to these economic categories was identified, which led to an imbalance among scientific views and made it difficult to establish a single link between them. In addition, groups of scientists have been singled out, where some researchers identify the concepts of «risk», «threat» and «danger», while others distinguish them and see each other's sources of origin. Given the analysis of the essence of the definition of «risk», «threat» and «danger», we present our own author's approaches to their interpretations, established the distinctions and relationships between them. The vision of interaction of categories «risk», «threat» and «danger» is resulted by means of the scheme-drawing. The importance of a clear understanding of the nature and delimitation of each of the destructive factors, which is necessary for the implementation of research methodology of economic security of business, which allows to determine their scale and assess the impact on economic security. Thus, the identification and neutralization of potential and real risks, threats and dangers that negatively affect the state and effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity, necessitate new requirements to strengthen the economic security of entrepreneurial activity, and its level will determine the ability to resist destructive factors in the long run. Thus, in turn, the results of the research provide an opportunity to prepare a basis for further research related to the definition of methods and areas of prevention and neutralization of destructive factors affecting the economic security of business.

scholarly journals Сущность и классификация категории «экономическая безопасность» в современной экономике

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-24
Author(s):  
Илья Рябков ◽  
Наталья Яшалова
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Self Adaptation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Целью настоящего исследования является изучение исторической динамики понятия «экономическая безопасность», его текущих трактовок, систематизация определений че-рез выделение ключевых подходов и терминов, а также выделение унифицированного метода «генерации» понятия «экономическая безопасность» и его подвидовых понятий. В статье через призму подходов различных (по времени и географии) экономических школ проведен анализ формулировок определения, произведена их сравнительная характеристика в ведущих концепциях экономической безопасности (Российская Федерация и Соединенные Штаты Америки). Вы-двинуто предложение о соблюдении непротиворечивой иерархии построения определения «экономическая безопасность» с выявлением отношений со смежными категория-ми и понятиями, представлена авторская формулировка данной категории. One of the fundamental concepts in economic theory is the con-cept of "economic security". In the practice of Russian economic research, since the 1990s there have been numerous and often heterogeneous definitions of this concept. The main purpose of the study was to consider the development of economic security concepts on the historical horizon and the modern concept defi-nitions classification, given by Russian and foreign researchers. The article puts forward the thesis that the maintaining economic process of efficiency and development, both of individual eco-nomic entities and the state, depends on a clear understanding of the economic security concept, the search for approaches to the economic security preservation. Interest is the systematization of the economic security concepts presented in the leading powers strategies. The leading method of research is the definitions according grouping to the principles of the matrix method. It was revealed that the economic security concept is disclosed using factors freely com-bined into three groups (includes: sustainability, protection of interests, ensuring sovereignty), and the most common definitions are built using words-markers: state, security, advantage, process. One of the main study results is an algorithm for constructing the definition of the economic security concept, which allows to model and refine the definition of the concept based on the initial categories, consider-ing the economic context. The author's definition is also formulated, which reflects the interrelation of such components as the protection of interests, the impact of threats, the stability preservation, inde-pendence, ensuring development, self-adaptation and self-reproduction.

THE PROBLEMS OF THE INVESTIGATOR’S FORENSIC THINKING FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Руслан Юрьевич Павлов
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Objective Investigation

Актуальность статьи связана с поиском новых способов и методов повышения эффективности борьбы с преступностью, оперативного раскрытия преступлений, а также с набирающим популярность среди криминалистов направлением «криминалистического мышления», овладение навыками которого будет способствовать наиболее полноценному и объективному расследованию уголовных дел. Проблемным в настоящее время является недостаточное качество следствия и необходимость повышения когнитивных способностей следователей (дознавателей). Задачей исследования являлось выявление факторов, влияющих на развитие и формирование криминалистического мышления следователей. Цель работы - провести анализ составных частей процесса становления следователя и особенностей его практической деятельности, влияющих на когнитивные способности с точки зрения криминалистики, путем изучения и сравнения имеющихся материалов по данной тематике. Анализу подвергнуты личностные качества следователя, особенности образовательного процесса и влияние опыта на результаты работы, а также факторы, сопутствующие следственной деятельности (организация труда, уровень стресса, нагрузки и т. д.). Результат проведенного исследования выражен в определении проблемных факторов, влияющих на формирование криминалистического мышления следователя (дознавателя) и возможных путей их преодоления, важности такого мышления, которое остается знанием, постоянно сориентированным в сторону практики. The relevance of the article is related to the search for new ways and methods to improve the effectiveness of the fight against crime, the prompt detection of crimes, as well as the trend of «forensic thinking», which is gaining popularity among criminalists, mastering the skills of which will contribute to the most complete and objective investigation of criminal cases. Problems at present are insufficient quality of investigation and the need to improve the cognitive abilities of investigators (inquirers). The task of the study was to identify factors that influence the development and formation of forensic thinking of investigators. The purpose of the work is- to analyze the components of the process of formation of an investigator and features of his practical activities affecting the cognitive abilities in terms of forensics by studying and comparing existing materials on this topic. The analysis is subjected to the personal qualities of an investigator, the peculiarities of the educational process and the impact of experience on the results of work, as well as factors associated with the investigative activity (organization of work, stress and stress levels, etc.). The result of the study is expressed in the definition of problematic factors affecting the formation of forensic thinking of an investigator (inquirer) and possible ways to overcome them, the importance of such thinking, which remains knowledge, constantly oriented towards practice

scholarly journals Information and analytical support as an element of organization of economic security of entrepreneurial activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Є.В. Воронюк
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Available Information

The article describes the importance of information and analytical support for the formation of organizational support for economic security of business. The stages and principles of formation of information-analytical support for creation of system of economic safety of the enterprise are analyzed. The connection and the nature of the influence of information-analytical activity and organizational support of economic security of the enterprise are investigated. It is important for the management of each organization to develop an individual mode of working with information, especially at the stage of its accumulation and analysis. Only a detailed and step-by-step definition of the process of working with information resources of various departments and officials increases the effectiveness of organizational support of economic security of the enterprise. The quality of analytical support is the basis for building an effective system of economic security of the enterprise and one of the key factors in its development. The harmonious combination of information-analytical work and the organization of economic security is a problem for the management of the business structure and requires a constant, operational study of the economic efficiency of the existing organizational structure.Adjusting the organizational structure directly affects the company's ability to withstand threats and risks from the external and internal environment. Modernity puts forward specific conditions for the economic security of the enterprise, especially given the deepening of the role and increase the amount of available information. The information array, which is freely available, is constantly replenished, which requires decision-makers to find new methods of information processing. The article analyzes the features of using the results of information support and analytical research to form an effective organizational structure of economic security of the enterprise. The study demonstrates the need for reliable and effective information and analytical support to improve the organizational support of economic security of the enterprise.

scholarly journals Price Transmission and Factors Influencing the Price of Onions in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Yohana James Mgale
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
Adjustment Cost ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes the transmission of prices between marketing agents and the factors affecting onion prices at the consumer level. The Error Correction Model-Engle Granger (ECM-EG) was used to test the price transmission by including the impact of the rise and fall of producer, wholesale and retail prices in past periods. The Error Correction Model (ECM) was applied to the factors affecting onion prices. The test results showed that price transmission was asymmetrical in the short and long-run. With regard to factors, the results show that consumer price in the short-run was influenced by wholesale prices, producer prices and the price of fuel while in the long-run it was influenced by wholesale prices, producer price, price of fuel and consumer prices in the previous period (t-1). These results suggest the existence of a short-term adjustment cost and a long-term market power which distorts price transmission.

scholarly journals Analysis of Internal and External Determinant Variables towards Profitability of Islamic Banking in Indonesia (2014-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Febri Ramadhani ◽  
Muhammad Rizkan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Relationship Of

Indonesia is a country that adheres to a dual banking system, namely conventional and Islamic Banking. The growth rate of Islamic banking in the last three years is higher than conventional banking. However, in total assets, Islamic banking is still far behind conventional banking. Therefore, it is necessary to study further the performance of Islamic banking reflected in its profitability. So, it becomes an alternative input in determining Islamic banking policies. This study aims to know the factors affecting the profitability (ROA) of Islamic Banking in Indonesia. The data used are the 2014-2020 monthly data in the amount of 79 data. The method used in this study is a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to determine the effect of long-run and short-run relationships. The results of the study showed that the long-run relationship of the NPF variable affected and was significant positive toward ROA, CAR affected and was significant negative toward ROA, while the inflation variable had a negative relationship and not significant toward ROA. The results of the short-run relationships showed that the NPF and CAR variables positively affected ROA, while the inflation variable did not significantly affect the ROA.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Tourism Enterprise Business Processes Efficiency Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Yuriy B. Myronov ◽  
Mariana I. Myronova
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
Relationship Of

The relevance of the research is stipulated by the necessity for an adequate evaluation of the tourism enterprises’ efficiency and individual business processes at these enterprises in the context of the ever-growing influence of the tourism industry on the economic and social spheres of society. The aim of the research is to build a conceptual model for evaluating the efficiency of business processes of tourist enterprises. The methodological basis of the research is based on methods of abstraction, analogies, analysis and synthesis; normative and positive approaches to the study of economic processes; process and system approaches; modelling method. The article considers theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of tourism enterprise processes in modern conditions of tourism services market development. The main concepts of business processes were defined, the goal and criteria for evaluating their efficiency were formulated. The main factors affecting the efficiency of tourism enterprises business processes were described. The main groups of indicators for evaluating the tourism enterprise business processes efficiency were proposed. Such a system of indicators helps to comprehensively monitor the situation at a tourism enterprise, since it takes into account all key areas of activity of an enterprise and identifies priority business processes that require changes. The specifics of assessing the level the efficiency of tourism enterprises business processes depend on a number of variable factors and therefore the main trends in the development of a tourist enterprise and the relationship of its economic indicators are usually studied. Approaches to the procedure for evaluating the efficiency of business processes, as well as to the formation of a system of indicators for evaluating the specified efficiency at a tourism enterprise were studied. The main principles of forming a system for evaluating tourism enterprises business processes efficiency are defined. A number of technologies for evaluating the efficiency of business processes were described. A model for evaluating the efficiency of business processes in tourism is presented. It is noted that the main and determining role in evaluating the activities of a tourism enterprise is played by performance targets. Based on the identified features of tourism activities, problems that may arise in the process of evaluating the efficiency of business processes were considered and effective ways to eliminate them were proposed. The prospects for further scientific researches in this direction are substantiated, which are to study the improvement of the tourism companies efficiency through the introduction of innovative technologies (neuromarketing, virtual and augmented reality, as well as “green” technologies)

scholarly journals Формирование среды реализации цифровых инициатив сотрудников банка

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Тарас Гриценко ◽  
Жанна Передера ◽  
Анна Теряева
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

В работе рассматривается возможность формирования в банковском секторе среды, в которой сотрудники смогут самостоятельно реализовывать цифровые инициативы для развития компании и самообучения. Обоснована необходимость её наличия. Проведен анализ соответствия поставленной проблемы российским и мировым трендам на основе изучения федеральных программ и оценок рейтинговых агентств. В результате исследования разработан бизнес-процесс реализации цифровых инициатив, про-веден конкурентный анализ его преимуществ и недостатков перед традиционным подходом к обучению. The article discusses the possibility of forming in the banking business an environment in which employees will be able to in-dependently implement digital initiatives for the development of the company and self-learning. The necessity of its presence is grounded. The analysis of compliance of the problem with the trends in Russia and the world based on the study of Federal programs and ratings agencies. To attract new staff with the necessary knowledge, banks have a number of tools - business classes, sponsorship programs, mentoring, hackathons, man-agement fights, case-championships, etc. It has been revealed that new professionals with technical skills can solve complex problems and generate products. But it’s difficult for them to dive into the banking sector, study its features and offer their own solutions to problems. It was also revealed that the company is interested in product results that are practice oriented. Com-bining product results and training is only possible by creating an environment in which they can discuss their ideas, find sup-port and implement them. As a result, a business process for the implementation of digital initiatives has been formed, a competi-tive analysis of its advantages and disadvantages over the tradi-tional approach to training has been conducted. strategies. The leading method of research is the definitions according grouping to the principles of the matrix method. It was revealed that the economic security concept is disclosed using factors freely com-bined into three groups (includes: sustainability, protection of interests, ensuring sovereignty), and the most common definitions are built using words-markers: state, security, advantage, process. One of the main study results is an algorithm for constructing the definition of the economic security concept, which allows to model and refine the definition of the concept based on the initial categories, consider-ing the economic context. The author's definition is also formulated, which reflects the interrelation of such components as the protection of interests, the impact of threats, the stability preservation, inde-pendence, ensuring development, self-adaptation and self-reproduction.

scholarly journals The Impact of Delayed Switch to Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy on Mortality, Depending on Definition of Failure Time and CD4 Count at Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Bell-Gorrod ◽  
Matthew P Fox ◽  
Andrew Boulle ◽  
Hans Prozesky ◽  
Robin Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Failure Time ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Switch Time ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Little is known about the functional relationship of delaying second-line treatment initiation for human immunodeficiency virus–positive patients and mortality, given a patient’s immune status. We included 7,255 patients starting antiretroviral therapy during 2004–2017, from 9 South African cohorts, with virological failure and complete baseline data. We estimated the impact of switch time on the hazard of death using inverse probability of treatment weighting of marginal structural models. The nonlinear relationship between month of switch and the 5-year survival probability, stratified by CD4 count at failure, was estimated with targeted maximum likelihood estimation. We adjusted for measured time-varying confounding by CD4 count, viral load, and visit frequency. Five-year mortality was estimated to be 10.5% (95% CI: 2.2, 18.8) for immediate switch and to be 26.6% (95% CI: 20.9, 32.3) for no switch (51.1% if CD4 count was <100 cells/mm3). The hazard of death was estimated to be 0.37 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.46) times lower if everyone had been switched immediately compared with never. The shorter the delay in switching, the lower the hazard of death—delaying 30–59 days reduced the hazard by 0.53 (95% CI: 0.43, 0.65) times and 60–119 days by 0.58 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.69) times, compared with no switch. Early treatment switch is particularly important for patients with low CD4 counts at failure.

scholarly journals Consumer Considerations for the Implementation of Sustainable Packaging: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziynet Boz ◽  
Virpi Korhonen ◽  
Claire Koelsch Sand
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Value Perceptions ◽  
Sustainable Packaging ◽  
Consumer Testing ◽  
The Impact

Packaging sustainability concepts have co-evolved with the increasing incorporation of the principles of sustainable development at various levels within industrial and organizational platforms. Currently, pollution from plastics, packaging-related waste, declining air, soil, and water quality, climate change, and other contemporary challenges are influencing the packaging industry. Barriers such as value chain complexities and negative consumer attitudes due to the economic, social, and environmental demands of sustainable behaviors can discourage companies from the implementation of more sustainable packaging. Hence, packages with improved sustainability may never make their way into the marketplace. However, the next generation of sustainable solutions can be motivated by efforts that fuel a positive consumer attitude towards sustainable packaging. In order to direct efforts, a clear understanding of consumer dynamics in ecological material preferences, willingness to pay, recycling, and factors impacting sustainable behaviors are essential. The objective of this work is to (i) explore the definitions, the impact of sustainable packaging in the value chain, and consumer behavior theories; (ii) review current practices, factors affecting sustainable behaviors, and consumer testing methods; (iii) present three distinct case studies on consumer preferences and value perceptions on bio-based cellulose materials and the impact of on-label claims and pre-evaluation education in consumer preferences; and (iv) to reveal the research gaps and opportunities for consumer research and suggest strategies for stakeholders to communicate packaging sustainability to consumers.

The Economic Future in Historical Perspective

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Old Age Support ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Economic Future

This book shows how analysis of past experiences contributes to a better understanding of present-day economic conditions; chapters offer important insights into major challenges that will occupy the attention of policy makers in the coming decades. The seventeen chapters are organised around three major themes, the first of which is the changing constellation of forces sustaining long-run economic growth in market economies. The second major theme concerns the contemporary challenges posed by transitions in economic and political regimes, and by ideologies that represent legacies from past economic conditions that still affect policy responses to new ‘crises’. The third theme is modern economic growth's diverse implications for human economic welfare — in terms of economic security, nutritional and health status, and old age support — and the institutional mechanisms communities have developed to cope with the risks that individuals are exposed to by the concomitants of rising prosperity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document