THE ROLE OF IMPLICIT KNOWLEDGE IN THE FORMATION OF COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF ENTERPRISES IN THE FIELD OF LEGAL SERVICES

La producción de hortalizas en la región Noroeste de México es una actividad económica relevante, lo cual se atribuye a factores naturales como el clima, calidad de los suelos y la cercanía al mercado de Estados Unidos de Norteamérica. Es evidente la creación de ventajas competitivas mediante la diferenciación del producto, por su calidad, a través de la aplicación de normas. La adopción de estándares es una práctica generalizada, sin embargo no está cuantificado el rol de las instituciones en estos procesos y su contribución a aumentar o inhibir los niveles de adopción de los mismos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los factores que mas influyen en la implementación de grados y estándares en el sector hortícola en la región noroeste de México. Para la medición de la adopción se utilizó un modelo logit que permite determinar el efecto de las variables del entorno microeconómico que incide en la adopción de estándares. Se concluye que los cambios en los sistemas de producción mediante la aplicación de buenas prácticas agrícolas y las organizaciones de productores con actividades de capacitación, seguimiento y acompañamiento son lo que han contribuido en mayor forma al proceso de adopción de estándares por parte de las empresas productoras de hortalizas. Determinants of the adoption of standards in the horticulture subsector of Northwestern Mexico.Vegetable production in the northwestern region of Mexico is an important economic activity; this is attributed to natural factors such as climate, soil quality, and proximity to the U.S. market. Clearly, the creation of competitive advantages gained by product differentiation, while maintaining quality, is extremely important and can be achieved through the application of standards. The adoption of standards is widespread; however, the role of institutions in these processes and their contribution to enhancing or inhibiting levels of implementation has not yet been quantified. The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors that most influence the execution of grades and standards in the horticultural industry in the northwest region of Mexico. Implementation levels were measured using a logit model that determined the effect of microenvironmental variables on them. The paper concludes that changes in production systems through the application of good agricultural practices and changes in organizations through training, monitoring, and support are what have helped companies that produce vegetables adopt and implement more standards.

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The Pandemic and the Crisis in the System of International Relations

Outlines of global transformations politics economics law ◽

10.23932/2542-0240-2020-13-5-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 6-19

Author(s):

Al. A. Gromyko

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

International Institutions ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Direct Impact ◽

The Us ◽

The World ◽

World Economic ◽

Strategic Autonomy ◽

The Eu

The research is focused on several key problems in the system of international relations influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. It is shown that the events caused by it and broadly identified as a coronacrisis have a direct impact on the world economic contradictions (pandenomica) and political ones, including the sphere of security. These particular aspects are chosen as the main objects of the research. The author contends that the factor of the pandemic has sharpened the competition between regional and global players and has increased the role of a nation- state. In the conditions of transregional deglobalisation, regionalism and “protectionism 2.0” get stronger under the banners of “strategic vulnerability” and “economic sovereignty”. A further weakening of multilateral international institutions continues. The EU endeavours to secure competitive advantages on the basis of relocalisation, industrial and digital policies and the Green Deal. The article highlights the deterioration in the relations among Russia, the US, the EU and China, the unfolding decoupling between Washington and its European allies, which stimulates the idea of the EU strategic autonomy. An urgent need for the deconfliction in Russia – NATO interaction is stated.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZING AND MANAGING SALES ACTIVITIES USING THE EXAMPLE OF “OOO LAMZUR”

Scientific Review: Theory and Practice ◽

10.35679/2226-0226-2020-10-6-1001-1015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1001-1015

Author(s):

E.A. Leonenko ◽

◽

S.V. Kunev ◽

N.N. Chindyaykina ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Visual Analysis ◽

Distribution Channels ◽

Enterprise Management ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

New Methods ◽

Confectionery Products ◽

Marketing Activities ◽

Further Development

In modern conditions, the further development of the market economy puts each subject of economic activity in very difficult conditions. For the survival and effective functioning of an organization, it is no longer enough to simply produce goods in the maximum possible volume, it is especially important to sell these goods. The significant role of sales activities in the enterprise management requires searching for new methods of improvement, one of which is the revision of existing and the development of new optimal distribution channels under conditions of environmental uncertainty. Currently, distribution channels for final products are a complex multi-structure system with active elements, operating in a dynamically developing market environment. Studies by economists show that the complexity (complexity) of this system is based not on the number of elements, but on the nature of the network structure (the complexity of the structure of the system and the interactions of its components). This article presents a visual analysis of the sales activities of one of the largest Russian confectionery manufacturers - “OOO Lamzur”. For this kind of enterprises, the organization of sales activities is very important in ensuring economic efficiency and achieving high competitive advantages. In the marketing activities of the investigated enterprise, a number of problem areas are identified that impede its development. In the process of analyzing sales activities, a number of shortcomings were noted, the key of which is the loss by the enterprise of such sales functions as establishing feedback with consumers. In the course of the study, the effectiveness of the marketing activities of “OOO Lamzur” was assessed based on the analysis of the dynamics of sales of confectionery products, as well as by interviewing customers.

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Human Factors in Interactive Machine Learning: A Cybersecurity Case Study

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181321651206 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 1495-1499

Author(s):

Mark H. Chignell ◽

Mu-Huan Chung ◽

Yuhong Yang ◽

Greg Cento ◽

Abhay Raman

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Human Factors ◽

Financial Services ◽

Explicit Knowledge ◽

Implicit Knowledge ◽

Cyber Attacks ◽

Transfer Data ◽

Interactive Machine Learning

Cybersecurity is emerging as a major issue for many organizations and countries. Machine learning has been used to recognize threats, but it is difficult to predict future threats based on past events, since malicious attackers are constantly finding ways to circumvent defences and the algorithms that they rely on. Interactive Machine learning (iML) has been developed as a way to combine human and algorithmic expertise in a variety of domains and we are currently applying it to cybersecurity. In this application of iML, implicit knowledge about human behaviour, and about the changing nature of threats, can supplement the explicit knowledge encoded in algorithms to create more effective defences against cyber-attacks. In this paper we present the example problem of data exfiltration where insiders, or outsiders masquerading as insiders, who copy and transfer data maliciously, against the interests of an organization. We will review human factors issues associated with the development of iML solutions for data exfiltration. We also present a case study involving development of an iML solution for a large financial services company. In this case study we review work carried out on developing visualization dashboards and discussing prospects for further iML integration. Our goal in writing this paper is to motivate future researchers to consider the role of the human more fully in ML, not only in the data exfiltration and cybersecurity domain but also in a range of other applications where human expertise is important and needs to combine with ML prediction to solve challenging problems.

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Dynamic capabilities: antecedents and implications for firms' performance

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management ◽

10.1108/ijppm-12-2019-0587 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Jorge Correia ◽

Mário Sérgio Teixeira ◽

José G. Dias

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Dynamic Capabilities ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Causal Link ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Content Type ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Strategic Orientations ◽

The Relationship

PurposeThis paper aims to explore a new causal link between learning, market and entrepreneurial orientations and firms' performance by introducing dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages as mediator variables.Design/methodology/approachThe mediating role of dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages is tested using a sample of 1,190 Portuguese firms, and structural equation models.FindingsIt is shown that dynamic capabilities mediate the relationship between the three orientations–learning, market and entrepreneurial–and competitive advantages of differentiation and cost leadership, and both competitive advantages lead to firm's performance. It is also shown that learning orientation is an antecedent of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation.Practical implicationsThis research shows that firm's performance depends on the capacity of firms to learn, innovate, be proactive, take risks and collect the best market data. Indeed, by optimizing the internal management and knowledge dissemination, firms will develop a set of capabilities and competitive advantages that lead to an appropriate response to market challenges.Originality/valueThis study tests the relationship between strategic orientations and firm's performance by taking the mediating effects of dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages into account. This research was conducted in Portugal.

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THE STUDY OF THE ROLE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN FORMING LONG-TERM COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF BUSINESS

Russian science: actual researches and developments,Part 1 ◽

10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-302/305 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tatiana Aleksandrovna Chizhova ◽

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

International Market ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

Market Expansion ◽

Corporate Social

Today social responsibility is becoming an increasingly popular tool for market expansion - the results of numerous researches indicate that the presence or absence of a corporate social responsibility (CSR) policy in an organization has a significant impact on sales. For this reason, the study of the role of CSR in the formation of competitive advantages of companies in the long term in the international market is presented in this article.

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Technodata and the Need of a Responsible Industry 4.0

Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology - Handbook of Research on Industrial Advancement in Scientific Knowledge ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-7152-0.ch001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raúl Tabarés Gutiérrez ◽

Javier Echeverría Ezponda

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Industry 4.0 ◽

Global Economy ◽

Policy Support ◽

Labor Rights ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Trace Back ◽

European Industry

The great transformation that will face European industry is driven by the need of digitizing the entire value chain around manufacturing for creating competitive advantages to maintain a dominant position in the global economy. This new paradigm is commonly known as Industry 4.0, and it has a significant policy support from the European Commission as well as different member states. However, this transition is full of uncertainties as the digitization of industry creates different concerns about employment, privacy, labor rights, and other issues related with this technological revolution. In this chapter, the authors trace back the origins of Industry 4.0 to the Web 2.0 phenomenon as well as they reflect upon the role of technodata and technofactories in a postindustrial society. Finally, they stress the need to reflect about developing a responsible digitization of industry that will consider societal concerns.

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The Dynamics of the Global Value Chains and Disruptive Technologies

Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage - Impact of Disruptive Technologies on the Sharing Economy ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-0361-4.ch012 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 203-217

Author(s):

Michael Oluwaseun Olomu

Keyword(s):

Large Population ◽

Spillover Effect ◽

Global Value Chains ◽

Value Chains ◽

Competitive Advantages ◽

African Countries ◽

Disruptive Technologies ◽

Conceptual Shift ◽

Innovation Practices

The advents of GVCs and disruptive technologies have provided alternative paths to industrialization and economic development for African countries, and with the transformation to digitalization now well under way, another conceptual shift is required to understand the evolving role of disruptive technologies in GVCs. It is evident that technological breakthroughs in the global markets have a spillover effect in the structural settings of African economies value chains, as lower tariffs and rapid technological changes have fragmented production across borders, but some African countries remain marginalized in GVCs. This study, therefore, attempts to preliminarily explain how African economies and markets capture value from disruptive technologies and create their competitive advantages within the global value chains context from the perspective of business-model innovation practices in African markets. Thus, developing African firms should not ignore those disruptive growth opportunities within the large population of mass customers and non-consumers in emerging economies.

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