scholarly journals Attitudinal and Structural Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions of Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Kevin Banning ◽  
Ravi Chinta
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Job Growth

Entrepreneurial intentions have been shown to be a good predictor of entrepreneurial activity, and consequently have attracted the attention of many scholars and policy makers. Because entrepreneurial activity provides an economic engine for job growth, it is crucial to identify what drives entrepreneurial intentions. Extant literature has focused on such factors as the availability of capital, governmental support, individual networks, and culture. This study empirically investigates the expected linkage between attitudinal and structural factors and the intensity of intention to start a business for women entrepreneurs in the southeastern United States. Results from a survey of 1200 women intending to start a business in reveal that significant attitudinal and structural barriers remain for women entrepreneurs. The paper concludes with implications for women entrepreneurs, policy makers, and for future research.

Cultural configurations and entrepreneurial realisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Torres ◽  
Mário Augusto
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antecedent Conditions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to better understand the connection between culture and entrepreneurship in proposing and testing complex configurations of culturally endorsed implicit leadership theories (CLTs) and cultural practices that lead to entrepreneurial behaviour by studying entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) separately. Design/methodology/approach Using data from Globe Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) studies, a sample of 44 countries, and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, several models for EI and TEA were developed. Findings The main findings provide a way of distinguishing between complex antecedent conditions that are required for each stage of the entrepreneurial realisation. The results empirically show that there is no ideal context – the path to stimulate entrepreneurship that works best for one country does not necessarily works the same for other countries. There are multiple paths to achieve the desired outcome. Research limitations/implications The data from the GLOBE study were not completely up to date, the effect of which was minimised by considering data from GEM that respects temporal ordering. Nevertheless, data from GEM suggest that there is a degree of stability in the data over time. Future research could replicate this study with a larger selection of countries and with new data, collected in a different way. Additionally, the inclusion of CLTs proposed in this study opens new opportunities for future research, by providing a new angle to look at the entrepreneurial realisation process. Practical implications This study advances research into the association of culture and entrepreneurship, and develops testable models using a configurational approach, thus confirming the suitability of asymmetric configuration analysis for entrepreneurial research. The results expand an understanding of the entrepreneurial process by showcasing the different complex antecedent conditions for EI and TEA. Depending on a country’s cultural profile, policy-makers should invest in the dimensions that enable their society to align with the model that best suits their own culture. The obtained models offer a framework for evaluating new interventions that aim to develop entrepreneurial behaviour in a specific country. Originality/value Different configurations showcase that there are alternative paths to achieving high levels of EI and TEA. The differences among the possible configurations for each stage of the entrepreneurial realisation are uncovered. Country profiles are identified, quantified, and then compared providing guidance for policy-makers.

Gender and Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Rob Kim Marjerison
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Entrepreneurship Training ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact

This chapter begins with a brief exploration of the importance of entrepreneurial activity as a driver of global economic growth. The importance of entrepreneurship in developing economies is examined as are the traits, motivations, and drivers of entrepreneurs and the economic, social, cultural, legislative, and regulatory circumstances that encourage and in some cases discourage entrepreneurial activity. The impact of entrepreneurship training and education on encouraging women entrepreneurs is examined, the relative importance of women entrepreneurs is examined, and emphasis is placed on the relatively greater difficulties that are faced by women entrepreneurs particularly in regards to obtaining funding for starting new ventures. Opportunities are identified that may useful for policy makers, investors, and those that may seek to promote social entrepreneurship and economic growth in developing economies.

Understanding nascent women entrepreneurs: an exploratory investigation into their entrepreneurial intentions

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-566
Author(s):  
Wisuwat Wannamakok ◽  
Yu-Yu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽  
Economic Landscape

Purpose Women entrepreneurs are having increasingly profound impacts on the global economic landscape, although little is known about what supports or restricts women’s entrepreneurial attempts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptual (i.e. presence of role models and fear of failure) and cognitive (i.e. opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial knowledge) mechanisms that influence a women’s choice of an entrepreneurial career. Design/methodology/approach A transnational sample of 9,716 women participating in global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) survey was examined using logistical regression analysis. Findings The results indicate that role models, opportunity discovery and entrepreneurial knowledge have a significant and positive influence on female respondents’ entrepreneurial intentions. Interestingly, fear of failure is not related to their entrepreneurial intention, which challenges the prevailing assumption that the worries about new venture outcomes are the primary suppressor of women’s entrepreneurship. Originality/value This study sheds new light on the intention of becoming women entrepreneurs, which has multiple implications for originality/value. This study sheds new light on the intention of becoming women entrepreneurs, which has many implications for policymakers. Moreover, theoretical contributions and directions for future research are discussed.

EXPLORING ENTREPRENEURIAL FULFILLMENT FOR WOMEN IN INDIA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 287-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KANTI PRASAD ◽  
G. M. NAIDU ◽  
KYLE EHRHARDT ◽  
DOAN E. WINKEL ◽  
B. KINNERA MURTHY
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Women In India ◽  
Practical Implications

Drawing on social feminist theory, Indian cultural precepts, and previous research, we explore factors which may influence entrepreneurial fulfillment for women entrepreneurs in India. Results of a hierarchical regression analysis suggest that numerous network characteristics, as well as perceptions of family support, each contribute to a sense of entrepreneurial fulfillment for Indian women entrepreneurs. These factors furthermore each contributed to entrepreneurial fulfillment beyond the influence of the financial performance of the venture. Implications for understanding women entrepreneurs in emerging economies are discussed, as are practical implications for both women entrepreneurs and policy makers. We additionally present directions for future research.

Dynamics of Late-Career Entrepreneurial Intentions in Pakistan – Individual and Synergistic Application of Various Capital Resources and Fear of Failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad Hanif ◽  
Shao Yunfei ◽  
Muhammad Imran Hanif ◽  
Danish Junaid
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Although prior research on late-career entrepreneurship has explored the effects of financial, human, and social capital on the intentions to engage in entrepreneurial activity within the domains of a developed economy, little research has investigated this scholarship in the context of a push perspective within a developing economy. This study endeavors to meet this gap by investigating the effects of financial, social, and human capital and the personal dispositional traits on the entrepreneurial intentions among early retirees in the ICT sector of Pakistan. Based on the collected data from the web-based questionnaire and personally administered surveys and interviews from 345 respondents who face a survival challenge in the aftermath of a job loss, we make use of hierarchical logistic regression to periodically explore the independent and combined effects of the financial, social and human capital and the impact of a stable dispositional trait of fear of failure on the entrepreneurial intention. Being one of the foremost studies to address the late-career entrepreneurship phenomenon in a developing economy, this study has to offer notable contributions to entrepreneurship literature. Consistent with prior research, we observe support for the individual influence of various elements of financial, social, and human capital and the fear of failure on the intentions to engage in an entrepreneurial career. Results also demonstrate considerable evidence for the interaction effects among financial, human, and social capital as well as among different measures of financial capital, human capital, and the fear of failure. Discussion about the results is furnished followed by limitations and future research implications.

scholarly journals Narcissism and Entrepreneurship: A Systematic Review and an Agenda for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dege Liu ◽  
Ting Zhu ◽  
Xiaojun Huang ◽  
Mansi Wang ◽  
Man Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Upper Echelons Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Although narcissism is an important factor influencing entrepreneurial activity and outcomes, not much research has been conducted on the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurship. To summarize the current literature on this relationship and provide an agenda for further in-depth research, a systematic review was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines using Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and EBSCO host databases. Accordingly, 33 articles have been identified as being eligible for the final synthesis. The findings of the present study showed, in general, that (1) life history theory, person-environment fit theory (P-E theory), and career choice theory were mostly used to explore the topic of narcissism and entrepreneurial intention, social exchange theory was used to analyze narcissistic entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial motives and attitudes, and upper echelons theory (UET) was applied to research on the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurial outcomes, (2) Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and narcissistic sub-dimension of the Dark Triad were frequently used self-report scales among 23 identified empirical studies, and (3) narcissism has both bright and dark sides to entrepreneurial activities and outcomes. While narcissism makes potential entrepreneurs have higher entrepreneurial intentions and greater willingness to take risks, it also prevents entrepreneurs from discovering opportunities, acquiring resources, and learning from failure. Besides, results also showed that relations between narcissism and entrepreneurial intentions and performance are more complex. For a deeper understanding of this complex relations and advancing research on narcissism and entrepreneurship, more research is necessary to explore the relations between narcissism and entrepreneurship-related variables from a temporal perspective and at the team level, examine the relationship between narcissism and entrepreneurship ethics, and investigate the interaction effects of narcissism and other personalities.

The influence of Muslim marriages on entrepreneurial intentions of women entrepreneurs

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389-1409
Author(s):  
Noor Muhammad ◽  
David Robinson ◽  
Mohammad Nisar
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Planned Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Muslim Society

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of Muslim society marriages – forced, arranged or marriages of choice/love, on women entrepreneurial intentions (EI), with reference to Ajzen’s (2002) theory of planned behaviour. It is postulated that marriage type has a significant influence on women household dynamics towards EI and business growth. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative methodology was used and a total of 20 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with Muslim married women entrepreneurs operating home-based and market-based small businesses. Findings The findings show that all these three types of married women entrepreneurs are active in the entrepreneurial process. However, the authors found different paradoxes in their EI and desire for business growth based on their marriage choices or marriage-related constraints that may have been imposed on them. Research limitations/implications Qualitative research on a small sample size certainly presents a limitation on the generalizability of this work, because it is difficult to capture data regarding this sensitive issue. Future research could also be carried out in other cultural and religious traditions. Social implications The paper provides good insights to understand the entrepreneurial journey of Muslim women entrepreneurs in the conservative society based on their marriages options. Originality/value The contribution of this research is twofold. First, the paper offers a theoretical perspective related to female EI and business growth based on religious marriages. Second, it applies Ajzen’s (2002) planned behaviour theory to establish how marriage constraints may influence women EI in the Muslim society.

scholarly journals Structural determinants of stigma across health and social conditions: a rapid review and conceptual framework to guide future research and intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-115
Author(s):  
Claire Bolster-Foucault ◽  
Brigitte Ho Mi Fane ◽  
Alexandra Blair
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Structural Determinants ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Study Characteristics

Introduction Stigma has been identified as a key determinant of health and health inequities because of its effects on access to health-enabling resources and stress exposure. Though existing reports offer in-depth summaries of the mechanisms through which stigma influences health, a review of evidence on the upstream drivers of stigma across health and social conditions has been missing. The objective of this review is to summarize known structural determinants of stigma experienced across health and social conditions in developed country settings. Methods We conducted a rapid review of the literature. English- and French-language peer-reviewed and grey literature works published after 2008 were identified using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Google and Google Scholar. Titles and abstracts were independently screened by two reviewers. Information from relevant publications was extracted, and a thematic analysis of identified determinants was conducted to identify broad domains of structural determinants. A narrative synthesis of study characteristics and identified determinants was conducted. Results Of 657 publications identified, 53 were included. Ten domains of structural determinants of stigma were identified: legal frameworks, welfare policies, economic policies, social and built environments, media and marketing, pedagogical factors, health care policies and practices, biomedical technology, diagnostic frameworks and public health interventions. Each domain is defined and summarized, and a conceptual framework for how the identified domains relate to the stigma process is proposed. Conclusion At least 10 domains of structural factors influence the occurrence of stigma across health and social conditions. These domains can be used to structure policy discussions centred on ways to reduce stigma at the population level.

Exploring individual differences in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Fernandes Crespo ◽  
Ricardo Belchior ◽  
Edivaldo Bartolomeu Costa
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Depth Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the most common individual entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) beliefs profiles associated with high entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and how these differ when belonging to an entrepreneurial venture team (EVTeam). Design/methodology/approach After a general test of the ESE theory using a structural equations modeling, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used, on a multi-dimensional ESE scale, to find empirical evidence supporting the existence of different individual ESE profiles, equally associated with high EI individuals. Dividing the sample based on the existence or not of an EVTeam (EVTeam), differences for each group are identified and possible implications are discussed. Findings This research corroborates ESE as an important antecedent of EI and, from a more in-depth analysis, it also suggests that the highest levels of EI are compatible with different ESE profiles, some of which may be related to having established an EVTeam, or not. Research limitations/implications These findings may be useful for entrepreneurs and educators to reflect upon the needed competencies for an EVTeam and the research design might also be useful for policy makers to identify cultural, educational, and institutional shortcomings of the entrepreneurial context. A greater focus should be placed in developing ESE of potential entrepreneurs for the specific entrepreneurial activities for which the lack of perceived capabilities hinders entrepreneurial behavior and success. Practical implications This research may be useful for entrepreneurs and educators to reflect upon the needed competencies for an EVTeam. The research design might also be useful for policy makers to identify cultural, educational, and institutional shortcomings of the entrepreneurial context. Originality/value This research tests ESE theory in Angola – a country from the African continent from which there is limited empirical evidence – and by exploring the existence of different ESE profiles, with a method that allows for conjunctural causation, new insights and empirical support for future research are provided relative to the complex ESE-EI relationship.

Political psychology in the digital (mis)information age: A model of news belief and sharing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Harris ◽  
Philip Pärnamets ◽  
Steve Rathje ◽  
Kimberly Doell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Social

The spread of misinformation, including “fake news,” propaganda, and conspiracy theories, represents a serious threat to society, as it has the potential to alter beliefs, behavior, and policy. Research is beginning to disentangle how and why misinformation is spread and identify processes that contribute to this social problem. We propose an integrative model to understand the social, political, and cognitive psychology risk factors that underlie the spread of misinformation and highlight strategies that might be effective in mitigating this problem. However, the spread of misinformation is a rapidly growing and evolving problem; thus scholars need to identify and test novel solutions, and work with policy makers to evaluate and deploy these solutions. Hence, we provide a roadmap for future research to identify where scholars should invest their energy in order to have the greatest overall impact.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document