Comparative Evaluation Of Efficacy of Omeprazole versus Lansoprazole for Relief of Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. e000155
Author(s):  
Shahnoor Gowani ◽  
Devang Rana
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is defined as a condition chronically presenting symptoms centered in the upper abdomen, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, in the absence of any organic, systemic, or metabolic disease that is likely to explain the symptoms. Proton pump inhibitors are main line agents to treat functional Dyspepsia. Omeprazole is conventional PPI and Lansoprazole is a new PPI both are said to be effective option to treat functional dyspepsia in individual trials. Aim and Objective: To compare efficacy of Omeprazole versus Lansoprazole for Relief of Functional Dyspepsia. Methodology: All randomised control trials which follows PRISMA guidelines 2009 and in which Omeprazole and Lansoprazole were first compared with placebo for the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Clinical trial registries, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE database were searched for MeSH terms Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Placebo which resulted in the treatment of Functional Dyspepsia. Observational studies, Unpublished studies, RCTs not following PRISMA guidelines were excluded. Data was analyzed using RevMan version 5.3 ® and Odd’s Ratio was calculated to determine the difference in Early and late phases. Both Fixed and Random effect model was utilized to calculate the difference. To compare the difference between Omeprazole and Lansoprazole Fischer’s exact test was used. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The I2 will be used to measure the heterogeneity between studies and a value >30.0 will be considered to reflect heterogeneity. Results: A total of 10 studies were included consisting of 3934 patients. Omeprazole was effective than placebo to treat functional dyspepsia(Odd’s ratio=1.603, CI=1.264 to 2.033, p value less than 0.01) Lansoprazole was also effective when compared to placebo to treat functional dyspepsia. (Odd’s ratio=0.748, CI=0.553 to 1.011, p=0.058). When Omeprazole was compared to lansoprazole indirectly statistically significant difference was seen (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Both Omeprazole and Lansoprazole are effective to treat functional dyspepsia when compared to placebo. Omeprazole is more effective than Lansoprazole to treat functional dyspepsia.

Clinical outcome for continuous versus intermittent chemotherapy for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer: Comparative analysis after first-line therapy.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 825-825
Author(s):  
Nadine Abdallah ◽  
AMR Mohamed ◽  
Hibah Ismail ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Alaa Akhras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Line ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Significant Difference

825 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and second most lethal cancer in the U.S, with almost 50% of patients developing metastatic disease. Although survival of metastatic CRC (mCRC) has improved significantly, current treatment strategies are associated with many adverse effects. With no prospect of cure, goals of treatment should consider both quantity and quality of life. Interruption of chemotherapy after induction can represent a means to achieve this balance. Methods: The primary objective of this meta-analysis is to assess the effect of continuation vs interruption of systemic therapy in terms of survival in patients with unresectable mCRC after first line treatment. Among 15 prospective studies published from 2009-2017, 9 qualified for inclusion. Random-effect model was used for pooled effects within two main categories: continuous chemotherapy vs chemotherapy-free interval after first line induction. Studies with maintenance fluoropyrimidine and/or bevacizumab were excluded. Primary endpoint was median progression free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoint was median overall survival (OS). z statistics were used for comparing subgroups. All statistical tests were two-sided. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: 1366 patients (55% males) were included in the final analysis. Induction treatment was 5-FU or capecitabine-based chemotherapy with either oxaliplatin or irinotecan with or without bevacizumab. After stratifying for induction status, there was no statistically significant difference in median PFS between continuous vs chemotherapy free interval [Median PFS 4.74-month (95% CI 3.87-5.61) vs 3.52 month (95% CI 2.97-4.07), z-test adjusted p value 0.1383]. No significant difference in median OS between both groups [Median OS 16.95-month (95% CI 15.40-18.50) vs 18.35 month (95% CI 15.17-21.54)]. Conclusions: In mCRC patients, the superiority of continuous chemotherapy was not demonstrated. Further studies should shed light on patient and tumor characteristics most likely to benefit from continuous chemotherapy to limit delivery of cytotoxic therapy to this subset of patients.

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Ritodrine Versus Nifedipine in Prevention of Preterm Labour in Direct Head to Head Randomized Control Trials: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. e000153
Author(s):  
Viraj Panchal ◽  
Nishita Darji ◽  
Devang Rana
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Term Labour

Aims and Objectives: To compare the efficacy of ritodrine versus nifedipine in prevention of preterm labour at day two and seven. Methodology: All randomised control trials which follows PRISMA guidelines 2009 and in which Ritodrine and Nifedipine was compared head to head for the treatment of Pre-term labour. Clinical trial registries,MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE database were searched for MeSH terms Ritodrine, Nifedipine, pre-term labour and having primary outcome as number of delivery at day 2 and 7. Observational studies, unpublished studies, RCTs not following PRISMA guidelines were excluded. Data was analyzed using RevMan 5.3 version® and Odd’s Ratio was calculated to determine the difference at day 2 and 7. Both fixed effect and Random effect model was utilized to calculate the difference. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The I2 will be used to measure the heterogeneity between studies and a value > 30.0 will be considered to reflect heterogeneity. Results: A total of 6 Head to head RCTs were included in the studies. At day 2, according to fixed effect model, statistically ritodrine was having more likelihood for delivery as compared to nifedipine(Odd’s ratio=1.492, CI=1.013-2.197, P=0.043) but according to random effect model the difference was not statistically significant(Odd’s ratio=1.468, CI=0.919-2.344, P=0.108). At day 7, according to fixed effect model, ritodrine was having more likelihood for delivery as compared to nifedipine(Odd’s ratio=1.196, CI=0.852-1.679, P=0.302) and according to random effect model the difference was not statistically significant(Odd’s ratio=1.143, CI=0.720-1.815, P=0.572). Conclusion: Ritodrine causes more deliveries at day 2 and 7, so nifedipine is a better tocolytic as compared to ritodrine.

Comparative analysis of different maintenance regimens after first-line induction in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 789-789
Author(s):  
AMR Mohamed ◽  
Nadine Abdallah ◽  
Hibah Ismail ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Hyejeong Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
First Line ◽  
Significant Difference

789 Background: Although, previous trials have demonstrated the benefits of maintenance chemotherapy for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC), the optimal maintenance regimen with acceptable safety profile is still undetermined. The primary objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of the most common clinically used maintenance regimens after first line therapy in MCRC. Methods: Among 52 prospective studies published 2009-2017, 14 were qualified for inclusion. Random-effect model was used for pooled effects within different categories include those with no maintenance treatment versus different maintenance regimens (Bevacizumab, capecitabine, bevacizumab plus capecitabine, bevacizumab plus erlotinib, and cetuximab). Primary endpoint was median progression free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoint was median overall survival (OS). All statistical tests were two-sided and p values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: 14 studies with 3553 patients (57% males) were included in final analysis. Induction treatment was 5-FU or capecitabine - based chemotherapy with either oxaliplatin or irinotecan with or without bevacizumab. After stratifying for induction status, patients who did not receive treatment had worse PFS compared to maintenance treatment [pooled median PFS 3.52 months, 95% CI (2.97- 4.07) Vs 5.08 months, 95% CI (4.59- 5.57), z-test adjusted p-value 0.0005]. Among different maintenance regimens, capecitabine /bevacizumab combination showed better PFS [pooled median PFS 6.87 month, 95% CI (5.17- 8.57)], however the results were not significant (z test adjusted p-value 0.1383). No statistical significant difference in median OS between maintenance regimens. Conclusions: MCRC patients who did not receive maintenance treatment had shorter PFS. Although the superiority of bevacizumab plus capecitabine maintenance cannot be confirmed, there was a trend towards better PFS. This study suggests that bevacizumab plus capecitabine may be an appropriate maintenance option after first induction therapy depending on the tolerability and compliance with oral capecitabine.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

Abstract P124: Repeat Manual Office Blood Pressure By A Physician Is Lower Than Automated Office Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Rhodehouse ◽  
Courtney Shaver ◽  
Jerry Fan ◽  
Bright Izekor ◽  
Clinton Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Office Blood Pressure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Automated Office Blood Pressure

Introduction: An accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) is critical to diagnosing and treating hypertension (HTN). Manual office BP (MOBP) often results in higher readings than automated office BP (AOBP). In previous studies, a repeat MOBP by a physician resulted in a lower BP than the initial MOBP by nursing staff. We evaluated our hypothesis that a repeat MOBP by a physician is statistically equivalent to AOBP. Methods: In an ambulatory outpatient setting, patients were roomed and at least a 5-minute interval lapsed before an AOBP was performed using a Welch Allyn Connex Vital Signs Monitor. The physician was blinded to the AOBP. The physician then entered the room and obtained a MOBP with a manual aneroid sphygmomanometer. The difference between the AOBP and the MOBP was calculated. A Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used to determine if a significant difference between AOBP and MOBP exists. Results: A total of 186 patients (112 females, 74 male) had BP measured with a mean age of 66 years. AOBP resulted in a median systolic BP (SBP) 136 mmHg (IQR 121-150 mmHg) and median diastolic BP (DBP) of 78 mmHg (IQR 72-85 mmHg). MOBP SBP had a median of 132 mmHg (IQR 120-142 mmHg) and DBP had a median of 76 mmHg (IQR 70-81 mmHg). SBP and DBP were significantly lower in the MOBP group with a mean difference between AOBP and MOBP of 4.0 and 2.7 mmHg respectively (p-value of <0.0001). Conclusions: Repeat MOBP performed by the physician resulted in a significantly lower BP compared to AOBP. The lower BP may be due to an overall longer interval between the AOBP measurement and MOBP measurement. MOBP may be a viable option for accurate diagnosis and treatment of HTN clinics without access to a AOBP machine.

scholarly journals MCKAT, a multi-dimensional copy number variant kernel association test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Maus Esfahani ◽  
Daniel Catchpoole ◽  
Javed Khan ◽  
Paul J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Kernel Method ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Score Test ◽  
Copy Number Variant ◽  
Association Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
Related Trait

AbstractBackgroundCopy number variants (CNVs) are the gain or loss of DNA segments in the genome. Studies have shown that CNVs are linked to various disorders, including autism, intellectual disability, and schizophrenia.Consequently, the interest in studying a possible association of CNVs to specific disease traits is growing. However, due to the specific multi-dimensional characteristics of the CNVs, methods for testing the association between CNVs and the disease-related traits are still underdeveloped. We propose a novel multi-dimensional CNV kernel association test (MCKAT) in this paper. We aim to find significant associations between CNVs and disease-related traits using kernel-based methods.ResultsWe address the multi-dimensionality in CNV characteristics. We first design a single pair CNV kernel, which contains three sub-kernels to summarize the similarity between two CNVs considering all CNV characteristics. Then, aggregate single pair CNV kernel to the whole chromosome CNV kernel, which summarizes the similarity between CNVs in two or more chromosomes. Finally, the association between the CNVs and disease-related traits is evaluated by comparing the similarity in the trait with kernel-based similarity using a score test in a random effect model. We apply MCKAT on genome-wide CNV datasets to examine the association between CNVs and disease-related traits, which demonstrates the potential usefulness the proposed method has for the CNV association tests. We compare the performance of MCKAT with CKAT, a uni-dimensional kernel method. Based on the results, MCKAT indicates stronger evidence, smaller p-value, in detecting significant associations between CNVs and disease-related traits in both rare and common CNV datasets.ConclusionA multi-dimensional copy number variant kernel association test can detect significantly associated CNVs with any disease-related trait. MCKAT can help biologists detect significantly associated CNVs with any disease-related trait across a patient group instead of examining the CNVs case by case in each subject.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy between ketamine, memantine, riluzole and d-cycloserine in patients diagnosed with drug resistant depression: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1132
Author(s):  
Nishita H. Darji ◽  
Devang A. Rana ◽  
Supriya D. Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Glutamate Modulators

Background: Glutamate modulators are having immense potential and are newer entities for treating drug resistant depression. The objectives were to generate statistical evidence on basis of existing data of ketamine, memantine, riluzole and d-cycloserine in resistant depression.Methods: A total of 14 RCTs following PRISMA guidelines and matching inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected of ketamine (5), memantine (3), riluzole (2) and d-cycloserine (4) vs placebo in drug resistant depression. Only RCTs with primary diagnosis of drug resistant depression (Previously on two standard antidepressant therapy) were included. Studies with treatment response rate, 50% reduction in total score of the depression rating scale-Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale or the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or Beck Depression Inventory was chosen as clinical outcome measure. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the analysis.Results: In ketamine group using random effect model SMD was 2.122 (95% CI 0.659-3.584). P-value was statistically significant (random effect p <0.005 and in fixed effect <0.001). In memantine group, using random effect model -0.963 was SMD and (95% CI -1.958-0.0324). P-value was <0.001, significant in fixed effect. In riluzole group, SMD was -0.564 with (95% CI -3.927-2.799) in random effect. P-value was 0.741. In d-cycloserine group SMD was 0.316 with (95% CI -1.252-1.885) in random effect. P-value was 0.690.Conclusions: Ketamine showed best efficacy followed by memantine. Riluzole and DCS as such have no efficacy although its acts by same glutamate pathway. More molecular based research is required in use of glutamate modulators in resistant depression.

scholarly journals Perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan yang tinggal di tepi pantai

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne C. Jacobus ◽  
Max F.J Mantik ◽  
Adrian . Umboh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Component

Abstract: Haemoglobin is the main component of red blood cells that serves as a transporter of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. The normal range of haemoglobin values can be used to determine the degree of anemia according to age and gender. Geographical condition such as altitude influences the haemoglobin value. This study aimed to obtain the difference of haemoglobin levels between teenagers with good nutrition status who live at the highland and those at the seaside. This was an observational analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were students with good nutrition status of SMPN 3 Tomohon (living at the highland) and those of SMP Kristen Nazaret Tuminting (living at the seaside). There were 60 students who met the inclusion criteria as follows: adolescent, good nutrition status, healthy, aged 13-15 years, lived at the highland or at the seaside ≥ 6 month, and willing to be performed blood examinations, and had been approved by their parents. The Mann-Whitney test for the difference between haemoglobin levels of the two groups showed a p value < 0,001. Conclusion: There was a very significant difference between haemoglobin levels of good nutrition teenagers who lived at the highland and at the seaside. Keywords: haemoglobin levels, good nutrition, teenagers, highland, seaside  Abstrak: Hemoglobin merupakan komponen utama sel darah merah dan berfungsi sebagai transporter oksigen dan karbon dioksida dalam darah. Batas normal nilai hemoglobin dapat digunakan untuk menetapkan derajat anemia, dengan distribusi usia dan jenis kelamin spesifik didasarkan pada sampel referensi sehat. Kondisi geografis, seperti ketinggian tempat dari permukaan laut menjadi faktor pertimbangan dalam distribusi nilai normal hemoglobin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbedaan kadar hemoglobin antara remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan yang tinggal di tepi pantai. Jenis penelitian ini analitik-observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian yaitu remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan yaitu siswa SMPN 3 Tomohon dan yang di tepi pantai yaitu siswa SMP Kristen Nazaret Tuminting. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 60 remaja yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu gizi baik, sehat, berumur 13-15 tahun, berdomisili di pegunungan atau tepi pantai ≥6 bulan, bersedia dilakukan pemeriksaan darah, dan telah disetujui oleh orang tua. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney mengenai perbedaan kadar hemoglobin antara kedua kelompok menunjukkan nila p <0,001. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang sangat bermakna kadar hemoglobin remaja gizi baik yang tinggal di pegunungan dengan di tepi pantai.Kata kunci: kadar hemoglobin, remaja gizi baik, pegunungan, tepi pantai

scholarly journals Weight Change and Its Predictors among Newly Initiated ART Clients in Dessie City, Northeast Ethiopia, July 2020. Longitudinal Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinabu Fentaw ◽  
Reta Dewau ◽  
Muluken Chanie ◽  
Mequannent Melaku ◽  
Melaku Yalew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Infection ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
P Value ◽  
Positive Weight ◽  
Therapy Clients

Abstract Background The weight of HIV/AIDS patients is one of the classifications WHO clinical staging of the diseases. A positive weight change in antiretroviral therapy patients is one of the expected clinical outcomes within a few months after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in previously naïve patients. But the weight change varies across clients, and the reason for this variation and the effect of time-varying clinical profiles on the weight of the clients is not well investigated. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Dessie City Health Facility in July 2020. The data were collected using a simple random sampling method in adult antiretroviral therapy clients who were enrolled to care between January to June 2019. Totally, 58 charts were reviewed within three months interval for 6 consecutive observations per chart. The data were entered into Epi-data, and analyzed using Stata 14. The effect of Panel and random effect model was assessed using Breusch and Pagan and Hausman's test, respectively. Finally, the Random Effect Generalize Least Square model was fitted, and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as the predictors of weight change. Result A total of 58 clients chart with 322 observations were assessed and the mean age (standard deviation) of participants were 37 (10) and 30 (51.7%) of them were female clients. The absence of opportunistic infection (β:1.85; 95% CI:0.66–3.03) the interaction of opportunistic infection and months on Antiretroviral Therapy (β:0.09; 95% CI:0.05–0.13) and advanced WHO clinical stage (β: -3.52; 95% CI: -6.71-(-0.34)) were significantly associated with the weight of adult Antiretroviral Therapy user overtime. Conclusion There is a significant positive weight change after imitation of Antiretroviral Therapy. The absence of opportunistic infection and its interaction with time have a positive change on the weight of adult Antiretroviral Therapy clients whereas, experiencing advanced WHO stage disease over time has a negative effect on the weight change.

scholarly journals Migraine in Obesity: Is It Prevalent?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aso Sabir Saeed ◽  
◽  
Osama MohammadAmin Shukr
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Migraine Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Keywords Migraine ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and migraine. It’s still unclear whether migraine is the cause or it's the result of obesity. Objective: We investigated the prevalence of migraine among obese and non-obese individuals and analyzed the relationship between migraine prevalence and obesity. Patients and Methods: This is cross-sectional observational study was carried out at the neurology outpatients’ department of the Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, from July 1st , 2018 to September 30, 2019. We interviewed and examined 300 persons, both obese (n=154) and non-obese (n=146), and of both gender. All of them were adults (>18 years old). Each person's weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were measured.The diagnosis of migraine was made according to the International Headache Society’s criteria. Obesity was present if the individual’s BMI is ≥30 and/or waist-to-hip ratio is >0.9 in females and >1.0 in males. Results: Out of the 300 persons, 14 males (8.5%) got migraines while migraine was found in 37 females (27.4%), irrespective of their weight. Out of the 300 persons, the prevalence of migraine among obese individuals was 21.4% (n=33) and while in non-obese individuals was 12.3% (n=18). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (p-value=0.045). The overall prevalence of migraine was 16.9% of the persons interviewed. Conclusion: The results showed that migraine is more prevalent among obese persons than non-obese persons and the difference was statistically significant. Keywords: Migraine, obesity, BMI, headache

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