scholarly journals Rural Broadband Development in Canada’s Provinces: An Overview of Policy Approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Rajabiun ◽  
Catherine A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Canadian Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Rural Broadband ◽  
Access Services

Potential for private sector under-investment in rural broadband networks motivates a wide range of public sector initiatives around the world that aim to promote incentives to supply high-speed Internet access services in rural and remote communities. This paper provides an overview of policies and program design strategies that have shaped rural broadband development in Canada. The Canadian experience is particularly interesting in the context of broader debates about addressing the urban-rural digital divide because a combination of competition and targeted subsidies have helped achieve near universal access to some form of Internet connectivity.

scholarly journals Rural Broadband Development in Canada’s Provinces: An Overview of Policy Approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Rajabiun ◽  
Catherine A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Canadian Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Rural Broadband ◽  
Access Services

Potential for private sector under-investment in rural broadband networks motivates a wide range of public sector initiatives around the world that aim to promote incentives to supply high-speed Internet access services in rural and remote communities. This paper provides an overview of policies and program design strategies that have shaped rural broadband development in Canada. The Canadian experience is particularly interesting in the context of broader debates about addressing the urban-rural digital divide because a combination of competition and targeted subsidies have helped achieve near universal access to some form of Internet connectivity.

scholarly journals An investigation into the feasibility of delivering online education to remote communities in Canada Case location: Yukon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Azmat
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Cloud Technology ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Northwestern Area

Canada continues to be among the world’s most ‘wired’ countries. Life in urban Canada is fueled by high-speed wireless connectivity, shifting brick-and-mortar services to cyberspace including banking, shopping and socializing. However, rural Canada is still catching-up on such technological advancement as a result of little investment in the digital infrastructure by the telecommunications sector to elude lower ROI, causing a Digital Divide. This Digital Divide poses an opportunity to be bridged by bringing rural Canada to cyberspace and giving them an equal opportunity to thrive. As cloud technology has disrupted many key sectors including business and social exchange; the Education sector still has not been able to fully utilize the massive opportunity cloud offers as a valuable platform for delivering education to remote Canada. My MRP focuses on the feasibility of delivering online education through the effective use of cloud technology in Canada’s key northwestern area called Yukon.

scholarly journals An investigation into the feasibility of delivering online education to remote communities in Canada Case location: Yukon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Azmat
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Cloud Technology ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Northwestern Area

Canada continues to be among the world’s most ‘wired’ countries. Life in urban Canada is fueled by high-speed wireless connectivity, shifting brick-and-mortar services to cyberspace including banking, shopping and socializing. However, rural Canada is still catching-up on such technological advancement as a result of little investment in the digital infrastructure by the telecommunications sector to elude lower ROI, causing a Digital Divide. This Digital Divide poses an opportunity to be bridged by bringing rural Canada to cyberspace and giving them an equal opportunity to thrive. As cloud technology has disrupted many key sectors including business and social exchange; the Education sector still has not been able to fully utilize the massive opportunity cloud offers as a valuable platform for delivering education to remote Canada. My MRP focuses on the feasibility of delivering online education through the effective use of cloud technology in Canada’s key northwestern area called Yukon.

scholarly journals Telecommunications Carriers and the “Duty to Serve”

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Universal Service ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Telephone Companies ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common ◽  
Telecommunications Services

Telephone companies share with other public utilities a common law duty to provide their services on demand, at a reasonable price, and without unreasonable discrimination. In Canada, this common law duty exists alongside statutory service obligations imposed on telecommunications carriers and regulatory policies promoting universal access to basic telecommunications services. Some argue that in the modern environment, where a wide range of telecommunications services is available on a near-universal basis from a profusion of suppliers, the duty to serve has become an anachronism and that carriers should now be relieved of such obligations. There are others, however, who caution that the elimination of the duty to serve might jeopardize the continuation of service to geographically remote areas and should therefore be retained. Still others advocate expanding the duty to include broadband in order to facilitate wider access to high-speed Internet services. The debates surrounding these issues reveal that there is no consensus about the scope of the duty to serve. This article seeks to clarify the parameters of the common law duty to serve and discusses how that duty interrelates with carriers’ statutory service obligations and regulatory policies promoting universal service.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

The Cities on the Hill

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Ogorzalek
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Social Difference ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The New Deal

Recent electoral cycles have drawn attention to an urban–rural divide at the heart of American politics. This book traces the origins of red and blue America. The urbanicity divide began with the creation of an urban political order that united leaders from major cities and changed the Democratic Party during the New Deal era. These cities, despite being the site of serious, complex conflicts at home, are remarkably cohesive in national politics because members of city delegations represent their city as well as their district. Even though their constituents often don’t see eye-to-eye on important issues, members of these city delegations represent a united city position known as progressive liberalism. Using a wide range of congressional evidence and a unique dataset measuring the urbanicity of U.S. House districts over time, this book argues that city cohesion, an invaluable tool used by cities to address their urgent governance needs through higher levels of government, is fostered by local institutions developed to provide local political order. Crucially, these integrative institutions also helped foster the development of civil rights liberalism by linking constituencies that were not natural allies in support of group pluralism and racial equality. This in turn led to the departure from the coalition of the Southern Democrats, and to our contemporary political environment. The urban combination of diversity and liberalism—supported by institutions that make allies out of rivals—teaches us lessons for governing in a world increasingly characterized by deep social difference and political fragmentation.

Assessment of Commercial Off-the-Shelf Tissue Adhesives for Sealing Military-Relevant Corneal Perforation Injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J Snider ◽  
Lauren E Cornell ◽  
Brandon M Gross ◽  
David O Zamora ◽  
Emily N Boice
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Ocular Tissue ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Corneal Perforation ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf

ABSTRACT Introduction Open-globe ocular injuries have increased in frequency in recent combat operations due to increased use of explosive weaponry. Unfortunately, open-globe injuries have one of the worst visual outcomes for the injured warfighter, often resulting in permanent loss of vision. To improve visual recovery, injuries need to be stabilized quickly following trauma, in order to restore intraocular pressure and create a watertight seal. Here, we assess four off-the-shelf (OTS), commercially available tissue adhesives for their ability to seal military-relevant corneal perforation injuries (CPIs). Materials and Methods Adhesives were assessed using an anterior segment inflation platform and a previously developed high-speed benchtop corneal puncture model, to create injuries in porcine eyes. After injury, adhesives were applied and injury stabilization was assessed by measuring outflow rate, ocular compliance, and burst pressure, followed by histological analysis. Results Tegaderm dressings and Dermabond skin adhesive most successfully sealed injuries in preliminary testing. Across a range of injury sizes and shapes, Tegaderm performed well in smaller injury sizes, less than 2 mm in diameter, but inadequately sealed large or complex injuries. Dermabond created a watertight seal capable of maintaining ocular tissue at physiological intraocular pressure for almost all injury shapes and sizes. However, application of the adhesive was inconsistent. Histologically, after removal of the Dermabond skin adhesive, the corneal epithelium was removed and oftentimes the epithelium surface penetrated into the wound and was adhered to inner stromal tissue. Conclusions Dermabond can stabilize a wide range of CPIs; however, application is variable, which may adversely impact the corneal tissue. Without addressing these limitations, no OTS adhesive tested herein can be directly translated to CPIs. This highlights the need for development of a biomaterial product to stabilize these injuries without causing ocular damage upon removal, thus improving the poor vision prognosis for the injured warfighter.

scholarly journals Vibration of Rotating and Revolving Planet Rings with Discrete and Partially Distributed Stiffnesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Fuchun Yang ◽  
Dianrui Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Vibration Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Forced Responses

Vibration properties of high-speed rotating and revolving planet rings with discrete and partially distributed stiffnesses were studied. The governing equations were obtained by Hamilton’s principle based on a rotating frame on the ring. The governing equations were cast in matrix differential operators and discretized, using Galerkin’s method. The eigenvalue problem was dealt with state space matrix, and the natural frequencies and vibration modes were computed in a wide range of rotation speed. The properties of natural frequencies and vibration modes with rotation speed were studied for free planet rings and planet rings with discrete and partially distributed stiffnesses. The influences of several parameters on the vibration properties of planet rings were also investigated. Finally, the forced responses of planet rings resulted from the excitation of rotating and revolving movement were studied. The results show that the revolving movement not only affects the free vibration of planet rings but results in excitation to the rings. Partially distributed stiffness changes the vibration modes heavily compared to the free planet ring. Each vibration mode comprises several nodal diameter components instead of a single component for a free planet ring. The distribution area and the number of partially distributed stiffnesses mainly affect the high-order frequencies. The forced responses caused by revolving movement are nonlinear and vary with a quasi-period of rotating speed, and the responses in the regions supported by partially distributed stiffnesses are suppressed.

scholarly journals A Perspective on the Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Detection and Water Treatment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1651
Author(s):  
Cristina Arqueros ◽  
Félix Zamora ◽  
Carmen Montoro
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Water Detection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quality Water

Global population growth and water resource scarcity are significant social problems currently being studied by many researchers focusing on finding new materials for water treatment. The aim is to obtain quality water suitable for drinking and industrial consumption. In this sense, an emergent class of crystalline porous materials known as Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) offers a wide range of possibilities since their structures can be designed on demand for specific applications. Indeed, in the last decade, many efforts have been made for their use in water treatment. This perspective article aims to overview the state-of-the-art COFs collecting the most recent results in the field for water detection of pollutants and water treatment. After the introduction, where we overview the classical design strategies on COF design and synthesis for obtaining chemically stable COFs, we summarize the different experimental methodologies used for COFs processing in the form of supported and free-standing membranes and colloids. Finally, we describe the use of COFs in processes involving the detection of pollutants in water and wastewater treatment, such as the capture of organic compounds, heavy metals, and dyes, the degradation of organic pollutants, as well as in desalination processes. Finally, we provide a perspective on the field and the potential technological use of these novel materials.

scholarly journals Multimedia Teaching Platform for Urban Planning Utilizing 3D Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhui Wang ◽  
Quan Zhang ◽  
Yanyi Chen ◽  
Shihao Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
3D Technology ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Teaching Platform ◽  
Multimedia Teaching ◽  
Effect Difference ◽  
Urban Rural

In recent years, 3D technology based on computer and internet has achieved high-speed development. People have realized direct and stereo observation of realistic world. Three-dimensional and visualized characteristics of the technology fit well with the teaching objective of college architecture specialized courses. Thus, 3D model has profound practical significance for its application in urban green space system and urban rural overall planning. With “urban-rural master plan” as experimental course, through design of “urban-rural master plan” multimedia teaching platform based on 3D technology and practice of the teaching platform in course teaching, this article has applied control experiment method and statistical method to make comparative analysis on the teaching effect difference of multimedia teaching platform based on 3D technology application in “urban-rural master plan” as experimental course so as to provide theoretical and data support for 3D technology application in “urban-rural master plan” and other college architecture major courses.

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