scholarly journals SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR OF OFFSPRINGS OF FEMALES RATS BORN TO MOTHERS OF DIFFERENT AGE WITH FETOPLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Seliukova N. Yu.
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Intact Group ◽  
Further Development

Sexual behaviour is an integral part of reproduction and is considered as a neuroendocrine function of the body. It is the result of sexual differentiation of the brain in the early stages of development of the body and is regulated by steroids of the gonads, which is confirmed by the presence of receptors for these hormones in the centre of sexual behaviour. Any negative factors during pregnancy can cause a lot of harm to the unborn child. To date, it is almost unknown how fetoplacental insufficiency affects the reproductive function of offspring of both sexes from birth to puberty very little. The purpose of this work was to study the effects of fetoplacental insufficiency of mothers of different ages on the sexual behaviour of female offspring. Materials and methods of research. The experiment involved healthy sexually mature female mothers of Wistar rats, young (3 months) and mature (10 months) of reproductive age, with a normal four to five day estrous cycle. 4 groups of 7 pregnant females were formed: 1 group, intact young animals; group 2, intact females of mature reproductive age; group 3, young females with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency; 4 - females with experimental fetoplacental insufficiency of mature reproductive age. Modelling of fetoplacental insufficiency was performed by daily subcutaneous injection to females from the 12th to the 18th day of pregnancy 50% oil solution of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 2 ml/kg body weight. The sexual behaviour of females was studied according to generally accepted methods. After a study of sexual behaviour at the age of 3 months, female offspring were removed from the experiment. The uterus and ovaries were weighed, and the number of follicles in the ovary was counted. The estrous cycle of females was studied. Serum samples were taken to determine the concentration of the hormones estradiol and testosterone. Conclusions and prospects for further development. Fetoplacental insufficiency in young mothers of reproductive age affects the sexual behaviour of female offspring, reduces the number of lordosis reactions by almost 20% and increasing the receptive indicators of sexual behaviour. Such changes occur against the background of elevated levels of sex hormones while reducing the number of cycling females and the number of follicles in the ovary. Due to the fact that the rupture of the follicle and the release of the egg require sequential activation of the secretion of hypothalamic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone, and against the background of fetoplacental insufficiency, there may be no preovulatory growth of their levels in the blood due to refractoriness of the ovaries. In the study of sexual behaviour of offspring of females born to mothers of mature reproductive age with fetoplacental insufficiency, a decrease in the number of lordosis reactions by 50% of the intact group and increased receptive behaviour were noted. Also, this group of offspring had a reduced number of cycling females but the number of follicles in the ovaries remained within the intact group. Such reproductive changes occurred against the background of elevated testosterone levels, without changes in estradiol concentrations, which led to the relative androgenization of females. The prospect of further development is to study the effects of fetoplacental insufficiency on the fertility of mature offspring of both sexes born to female rats of different reproductive ages with fetoplacental insufficiency. Key words: fetoplacental insufficiency, reproductive system, sexual behaviour, female offspring.

Effect of exercise on the onset of puberty, gonadotropins, and ovarian inhibin

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 1165-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pellerin-Massicotte ◽  
G. R. Brisson ◽  
C. St-Pierre ◽  
P. Rioux ◽  
D. Rajotte
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Middle Point ◽  
Critical Weight ◽  
Ovarian Inhibin

Swimming 6 h/day from 11 days of age led to a significant delay of the onset of puberty of female rats compared with the sedentary group. Rats who were in contact with water but without the energy expenditure due to exercise (paddlers) had their vaginal opening in a middle point between control and exercising rats. Vaginal opening occurred at different ages but at a same body weight. Exercise and stress led to a marked decrease of the body weights between 19 and 40 days of age. Serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were increased with the exercise program at 30 days of age, whereas no significant differences between groups in serum gonadotropins were observed at 50 days of age. Only the anterior pituitary luteinizing hormone content was increased by exercise in adult rats. Total ovarian proteins were significantly reduced by stress and to a greater degree by exercise. Ovarian inhibin activity is not modified by exercise at 30 days of age, whereas it increased significantly in the exercising group at 50 days of age and to a lesser degree in paddlers. It is therefore suggested that the onset of puberty in rats is dependent on a critical weight and that exercise and stress can delay the onset of puberty. This delay could be explained by a deficiency of hormonal maturational process while exercising until sexual maturity alters the inhibin activity, which suggests that inhibin could play a major role for the normal reproductive function and this could possibly explain the menstrual disturbances in the female athlete.

Evidence for a role for the neurosteroid allopregnanolone in the modulation of reproductive function in female rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R Genazzani ◽  
Marco A Palumbo ◽  
Antonio A de Micheroux ◽  
Paolo G Artini ◽  
Mario Criscuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Injection ◽  
Medial Basal Hypothalamus

Genazzani AR, Palumbo MA, de Micheroux AA, Artini PG, Criscuolo M, Ficarra G, Guo A-L, Benelli A, Bertolini A, Petraglia E. Purdy RH. Evidence for a role for the neurosteroid allopregnanolone in the modulation of reproductive function in female rats. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:375–80. ISSN 0804–4643 The present study investigated the effect of allopregnanolone (5α-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one) or of passive immunoneutralization of brain allopregnanolone, the most potent steroid produced by neurons, on ovulation rate and sexual behavior in female rats. Allopregnanolone was injected intracerebroventricularly in rats on diestrus and proestrus and tests were done on estrus. The intracerebroventricular injection of allopregnanolone significantly decreased the number of oocytes collected on estrus (p < 0.01). To support a physiological involvement, antiserum to allopregnanolone was injected centrally to block the activity of the endogenous neurosteroid. When administered on diestrus and proestrus or only on proestrus, the antiserum was shown to be correlated with a significant increase (p < 0.01) in oocytes retrieved on estrus. In female rats treated with antiserum to allopregnanolone, the lordosis intensity was augmented significantly as compared to controls. Finally, the possible changes of medial basal hypothalamus concentration of allopregnanolone throughout the estrous cycle and at the time of ovulation were investigated. Hypothalamic extracts were eluted on highpressure liquid chromatography and allopregnanolone concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay. Brain cortex was used as control tissue. Hypothalamic allopregnanolone concentration on proestrus morning and afternoon was found to be significantly lower than in the remaining phases of the estrous cycle (p < 0.01), while no significant changes were observed in brain cortex concentration of allopregnanolone. The present results suggest that hypothalamic allopregnanolone may be involved in the mechanism of ovulation, affecting hormonal and behavioral events. AR Genazzani, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pisa, via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy

scholarly journals Effect of Penicillin on Reproductive Function in Female Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyedeji K.O ◽  
Momoh R.O ◽  
Oderinde Gbenga
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Fertility Effect ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Histopathological Studies

This study was designed to investigate the effect of penicillin on reproductive function in female Wistar rats. Fifteen female rats (120 – 160 g) were used for the estrous cycle and histopathological studies. Penicillin (17.14 mg/kg) was administered orally on daily basis for 21 and 50 days respectively for the estrous cycle and histological studies. Estrous cycle was carried out using the technique of Marcondes et al., histologies of the ovaries and uteri were also carried out. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and student’s t-test at p=0.05. Treatment of rats for 21 days with penicillin (17.14 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05) increments in the estrous and metestrous phases as well as a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle relative to their respective controls. The histopathological study presented with a moderate endometrial congestion. It can therefore be concluded that penicillin probably has a pro-fertility effect with a moderate deleterious effect on the uteri at histological level in female Wistar rats.

Body mass and attractivity of female offspring are negatively affected by food restriction of meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) dams during lactation

Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1847-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona M. Sabau ◽  
Lyndsey Pierson ◽  
Michael H. Ferkin
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Meadow Vole ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
And Control

The environment experienced by pups during lactation (nutrition and maternal behaviour) can contribute not only to sexual development, but also to individual differences in offspring sexual behaviour. We tested the hypothesis that female offspring of meadow vole dams (Microtus pennsylvanicus) that were 30% food restricted (FR) during days 1–7 of lactation (FR 1–7), days 8–14 of lactation (FR 8–14), or days 15–21 of lactation (FR 15–21) show negative effects on their food intake, growth, and the three components of sexual behaviour (attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity) as compared with female offspring of control dams. With the exception of age 29 days or age 34 days, the body weights of female offspring of FR 1–7 dams and FR 8–14 dams between days 21 and 48 were lower than the body weights of female offspring of FR 15–21 dams and those of control dams. Female offspring of FR 1–7 dams maintained a lower body weight than the other female offspring throughout the study. Female offspring of FR 8–14 and FR 15–21 dams produced odours that were less attractive to males than odours produced by those of FR 1–7 and control dams. Female offspring of FR dams and control dams did not differ in their measures of proceptivity and receptivity. However, the total amount of time allocated for copulation by males was shorter for those males that were paired with female offspring of FR 1–7 dams than it was for those that were paired with the female offspring of FR 8–14, FR15–21, and control dams. The results of this study, coupled with those found in a study conducted on the male offspring of FR dams, indicate that for female offspring days 1–7 and for male offspring days 8–14 of lactation are the time periods during which food restriction of dams had the greatest impact on deficits in sexual behaviour and body mass in meadow voles.

scholarly journals CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH OTSYT-CUMULUS COMPLEXES RABBIT FROM WITH OVARIAN AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE ESTROUS CYCLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
A. B. Zyuzyun
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Growth

The analysis of the research results revealed that the largest number (86.4%) of oocytes suitable for further development outside the body can be obtained with ovarian follicular phase of growth. It should be noted that statistically significant difference was observed between the groups OCC rabbit derived from ovaries at different phases of the estrous cycle by the number oocytes unsuitable for further cultivation. Thus, the phase of the ovarian follicular growth of gametes was obtained only 13.6% of ovarian and with signs of ovulation and the luteal phase, 35.4% and 31.4% respectively. When comparing the results of the analysis of cytogenetic preparations oocytes from ovaries removed rabbit at different stages of the estrous cycle, found that regardless of the phase of the estrous cycle Yachnik mostly larger number of oocytes were under dyploteny. The largest number of gametes with diffuse chromatin at the stage dyploteny (37.3%) received from the stage ovarian follicular growth. At the stage of fibrillar dyploteny increasing number of gametes was removed from ovarian luteal phase of the estrous cycle. In step dyploteny visible bivalent were more likely gametes obtained from stage ovarian follicular growth (18,1%, p <0,05). The highest percentage of oocytes degeneration chromatin was observed in the group removed from the ovaries to the rabbit lyutealniy phase (21.6%).

scholarly journals Effect of ethanolic seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella on Mifepristone induced PCOS rats

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-281
Author(s):  
Meera Balasubramanian ◽  
Muralidharan Palayyan ◽  
Hari Rajeswary
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Caesalpinia Bonducella ◽  
Per Oral

Introduction and Aim: PCOS is a complicated endocrinopathy of women in reproductive age with unknown etiology causing ovulatory dysfunction and metabolic disturbances. The present study investigated the effects of ethanolic seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella (ESECB) in a mifepristone model of polycystic ovarian syndrome, which has the same clinical and metabolic features as in PCOS women. Materials and Methods: A daily administration of mifepristone (4mg/kg b.w.) to female rats for 8 days induces PCOS by indicating persistent estrous cycle. PCOS induced rats were treated with ESECB 200mg and 400mg/kg b. w. per oral for 28 days and at the end, the weight of the body and reproductive organs were determined. Biochemical parameters were also estimated. Metformin was used as a standard drug. Results: A significant increase (p<0.01)in the weight of the body and reproductive organs as well as hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were observed in the PCOS induced animals, which were reduced considerably in the ESECB drug treated animals. Among two concentrations the animals which received 400mg/kg b. w. of ESECB drug showed significant effect when comparable to the animals which received 200mg/kg b. w. of ESECB. Conclusion: Based on these observations the ethanolic seed extract of Caesalpinia bonducella (ESECB) can be used as a potential drug in the management of PCOS.  

scholarly journals Effect of Artesunate on Reproductive Function in Female Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyedeji K.O
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Fertility Effect ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Histopathological Studies

This study was designed to investigate the effect of artesunate on reproductive function in female Wistar rats. Fifteen female rats (120 – 160 g) were used for the estrous cycle and histopathological studies. Artesunate (1.43 mg/kg) was administered orally on daily basis for 21 and 50 days respectively for the estrous cycle and histological studies. Estrous cycle was carried out using the technique of Marcondes et al., histologies of the ovaries and uteri were also carried out. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and student’s t-test at p=0.05. Treatment of rats for 21 days with artesunate (1.43 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05) increments in the estrous and metestrous phases as well as a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle relative to their respective controls. The histopathological study presented with ovarian medullar that is severely congested (hemorrhagic) including expanded lumen of the endometrial glands. It can therefore be concluded that artesunate probably has pro-fertility effect with deleterious effect on the ovaries at histological level in female Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Neonatal handling and reproductive function in female rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M Gomes ◽  
C Raineki ◽  
P Ramos de Paula ◽  
G S Severino ◽  
C V V Helena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Neonatal Handling ◽  
Environmental Stimulation ◽  
Medial Septal Area ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone

Neonatal handling induces anovulatory estrous cycles and decreases sexual receptivity in female rats. The synchronous secretion of hormones from the gonads (estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P)), pituitary (luteinizing (LH) and follicle-stimulating (FSH) hormones) and hypothalamus (LH-releasing hormone (LHRH)) are essential for the reproductive functions in female rats. The present study aimed to describe the plasma levels of E2 and P throughout the estrous cycle and LH, FSH and prolactin (PRL) in the afternoon of the proestrus, and the LHRH content in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), median eminence (ME) and medial septal area (MSA) in the proestrus, in the neonatal handled rats. Wistar pup rats were handled for 1 min during the first 10 days after delivery (neonatal handled group) or left undisturbed (nonhandled group). When they reached adulthood, blood samples were collected through a jugular cannula and the MPOA, ME and MSA were microdissected. Plasma levels of the hormones and the content of LHRH were determined by RIA. The number of oocytes counted in the morning of the estrus day in the handled rats was significantly lower than in the nonhandled ones. Neonatal handling reduces E2 levels only on the proestrus day while P levels decreased in metestrus and estrus. Handled females also showed reduced plasma levels of LH, FSH and PRL in the afternoon of the proestrus. The LHRH content in the MPOA was significantly higher than in the nonhandled group. The reduced secretion of E2, LH, FSH and LHRH on the proestrus day may explain the anovulatory estrous cycle in neonatal handled rats. The reduced secretion of PRL in the proestrus may be related to the decreased sexual receptiveness in handled females. In conclusion, early-life environmental stimulation can induce long-lasting effects on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis.

scholarly journals THE RESULT OF LAPAROSCOPIC AND LAPAROTOMIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EXTERNAL GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS USING IMMUNE RESPONSE MODIFIER

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
L. M. Malanchuk ◽  
L. O. Krasnyanska ◽  
Z. M. Kuchma ◽  
V. M. Martynuik
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Response Modifier ◽  
Immune Response Modifier

The objective of the work was to make a comparative analysis of the result of external genital endometriosis treatment with the use of traditional surgical intervention and hormone therapy together with the use of low-molecular-weight metabolic immune response modifier 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-1,4-dione of sodium salt. Materials and methods: the experimental part of the study was previously conducted on 50 female rats which consisted of studying the influence of the immune response modifier on the course of experimentally induced endometriosis in experimental animals, in particular on changes in the estrous cycle. Injection of the immune response modifier caused retrogression of endometrioid heterotopias and normalization of the estrous cycle in the animals. The comparative analysis of the results of external genital endometriosis treatment in 66 women was conducted on the basis of experimental research. 34 women, apart from surgical intervention and hormone therapy, were injected with the immune response modifier 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-1,4-dione of sodium salt during the post surgical period. Cellular immunity, T- and B-lymphocytes, and equipment and instrumental methods, such as medical ultrasound of the organs of the lower pelvis and laparoscopy, were used to assess the results of treatment. As a result of the treatment with the use of the immune response modifier the indicators of cells immunity changed, pain severity decreased, menstrual function normalized, relapse frequency reduced, and the overall quality of life for patients improved. Socially significant effect of treatment of external genital endometriosis using metabolic immune response modifier is manifested in implementation of reproductive function ‒ elimination of infertility in 50 % of women during the first year of observation.

scholarly journals ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING IN ADOLESCENTS: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1752-1755
Author(s):  
Iryna O. Tuchkina ◽  
Liudmyla A. Vygivska ◽  
Anastasia A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Current State ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Made In

The aim: To summarize the literature data on abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents. Materials and methods: This article presents an assessment of 32 literary sources from 2003 to 2018, which raise the issues of etiology and pathogenesis of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents (AUBA) is a risk factor for disorders of menstrual and generative function, hormone-related abnormalities in the reproductive age. Despite the progress made in the development of methods for the diagnosis and treatment of AUBA, the criteria for selecting a particular method of diagnosis and therapy have not yet been made sufficiently clear. Conclusions: AUBA is a complex polyetiological disease affecting all parts of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-ovarian system. It has a negative impact on the girl’s health and quality of life. Abnormal uterine bleeding is a “signal” to the body of an organic or functional disorder. If this feature is ignored, the pathology can progress and lead to severeconsequences. The urgency of the problem of AUBA is further explained by the fact that this disease indicates the presence of serious disorder of the reproductive system, which in the future may be transformed into impaired reproductive function.

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