scholarly journals SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE IMAGO PHYSIOLOGICAL AGE IN THE DERMACENTOR MARGINATUS (ACARI, IXODIDAE) NATURAL POPULATION IN THE CENTRAL CISCAUCASIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
E.V. Lazarenko ◽  
◽  
L.I. Shaposhnikova ◽  
N.V. Yermolova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Observation Site ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Dermacentor Marginatus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
Observation Period

The article discusses the seasonal changes in the age composition (physiological age) of imagoes of Dermacentor marginatus ticks natural populations. To determine the physiological age, we used 1477 hungry imagoes of D. marginatus, collected on a flannel flag, under the conditions of a stationary observation site. During the entire observation period, ticks of the third physiological age prevailed. Wintering imagoes include ticks of third and fourth physiological ages. In April, at the peak of activity, the nucleus of the population is made up of ticks of second and third physiological age. A small part of the population during this period is made up of individuals of fourth physiological age. In May, the percentage of recently activated individuals decreases markedly. In collections of this period, strongly emaciated individuals of fourth physiological age predominate. The summer population of ticks is represented by individuals of the third and fourth physiological ages. Their share is over 90%. Individuals of second physiological age were found by us only in early June and late August. In autumn, the bulk of the population is also represented by individuals of third and fourth physiological ages. Keywords: imagoes, Ixodes ticks, Dermacentor marginatus, Central Ciscaucasia, physiological age, age composition

Studies of rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in the condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Rahima I. Ismoilova ◽  
Sodzhida D. Umarova
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Wild Cherry ◽  
Phenological Observation ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Leaf System ◽  
Observation Period

This paper is about studying the rootstocks for stone fruit breeds (sweet cherry) in condition of Hissar valley in Tajikistan. Each type of rootstock has its own biological characteristics and imposes specific requirements for growing and development, both during reproduction in the mother plantation and during the growth of trees. For example, the root system in sour cherry is more superficial that of wild sweet cherry. Therefore, the care of trees grafted on sour cherry and wild cherry and of mother plantation bushes of these rootstocks cannot be same. Besides, there are very significant differences among the individual groups of rootstocks. Wild cherry, Mahaleb cherry and Lubskaya cherry are used as rootstocks in the conditions of the Hissar Valley in Tajikistan. High specificity of sweet cherry cultivar varieties depends on the rootstocks. Phenological observation were carried out in our experiments during years 2013-2018 in order to study their winter resistance, yield capacity and fruit quality. The same care for root and grafted plants was carried out during the entire observation period. At the same time a certain ratio between the leaf system of the rootstock and the graft was maintained by trimming the crown. As a result of the evolution and selection, we have identified the wild cherry forms which are distinguished by the highest yields. The most valuable cultivar varieties are Napoleon cherry and Bagration cherry. Compotes made of these varieties have received high evaluation in tasting.

scholarly journals GENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF ENZYME ACTIVITY VARIATION IN NATURAL POPULATIONS. I. ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-388
Author(s):  
John F McDonald ◽  
Francisco J Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Evolutionary Consequence ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adh Activity

ABSTRACT Recent studies by various authors suggest that variation in gene regulation may be common in nature, and might be of great evolutionary consequence; but the ascertainment of variation in gene regulation has proven to be a difficult problem. In this study, we explore this problem by measuring alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in Drosophila melanogaster strains homozygous for various combinations of given second and third chromosomes sampled from a natural population. The structural locus (Adh) coding for ADH is on the second chromosome. The results show that: (1) there are genes, other than Adh, that affect the levels of ADH activity; (2) at least some of these "regulatory" genes are located on the third chromosome, and thus are not adjacent to the Adh locus; (3) variation exists in natural populations for such regulatory genes; (4) the effect of these regulatory genes varies as they interact with different second chromosomes; (5) third chromosomes with high-activity genes are either partially or completely dominant over chromosomes with low-activity genes; (6) the effects of the regulatory genes are pervasive throughout development; and (7) the third chromosome genes regulate the levels of ADH activity by affecting the number of ADH molecules in the flies. The results are consistent with the view that the evolution of regulatory genes may play an important role in adaptation.

scholarly journals Lumpy skin disease in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhit B. Orynbayev ◽  
Raikhan K. Nissanova ◽  
Berik M. Khairullin ◽  
Arman Issimov ◽  
Kunsulu D. Zakarya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Dermacentor Marginatus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gpcr Gene ◽  
Mdbk Cells ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThis study describes the registration of the first cases of lumpy skin disease in July 2016 in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the rural district of Makash, Kurmangazinsky district of Atyrau region, 459 cattle fell ill and 34 died (morbidity 12.9% and mortality 0.96%). To determine the cause of the disease, samples were taken from sick and dead animals, as well as from insects and ticks. LSDV DNA was detected by PCR in all samples from dead animals and ticks (Dermacentor marginatus and Hyalomma asiaticum), in 14.29% of samples from horseflies (Tabanus bromius), and in one of the samples from two Stomoxys calcitrans flies. The reproductive LSD virus was isolated from organs of dead cattle and insects in the culture of LT and MDBK cells. The virus accumulated in cell cultures of LT and MDBK at the level of the third passage with titers in the range of 5.5–5.75 log 10 TCID50/cm3. Sequencing of the GPCR gene allowed us to identify this virus as a lumpy skin disease virus.

Fibrinogen, Platelet and Red Cell Kinetics in Mice Bearing an Experimental Tumor

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Poggi ◽  
N. Polentarutti ◽  
M. B. Donati ◽  
G. de Gaetano ◽  
S. Garattini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Experimental Tumor ◽  
Tumor Implantation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Observation Period

In view of the possible role of platelets and coagulation mechanisms in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors, a number of haematological parameters have been followed during development of an experimental syngeneic tumor in mice (Lewis Lung Carcinoma, 3LL). This tumor, when transplanted intramuscularly in C57,B1/6 mice, grows locally and gives spontaneous metastases to the lungs. The transplanted animals survive for about 4 weeks. Metastases are visible since the third week. A slight but constant increase in plasma fibrinogen level and a marked thrombocytopenia were observed starting during the second week after tumor implantation. No other significant changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were found. Moreover, the animals developed a marked haemolytic anaemia, possibly microangiopathic in origin. 125I-fibrinogen survival was decreased of about 20% during the second week after tumor implantation and was not further reduced later on. Fibrinogen turnover was accelerated since the second week and was further increased thereafter, being more than doubled at the end of the third week. Labelled fibrinogen accumulated in the primary tumor and in the lungs; its rats of disappearance from the tumor was much slower than from lungs or blood. These data suggest the occurrence of a low-grade, localized fibrinogen consumption (intravascular coagulation ?). 51Cr-platelet survival was not modified throughout the observation period, whereas platelet turnover was markedly reduced since the end of the second week, suggesting a defective platelet production. 51Cr-red cell survival was drastically reduced to about 30% of controls starting from the second week, whereas labelled red cell turnover was almost doubled. The pathogenetic relevance of the observed modifications in the processes of grwoth and dissemination of 3 LL remains to be established.(Supported by Grant NIH-PHRB-IRO1 CA 12764–01.

scholarly journals Inversion polymorphism in some natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura from central Mexico

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Salceda ◽  
Judith Guzmán ◽  
Olga Olvera
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Polytene Chromosomes ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Drosophila Pseudoobscura ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
The Third ◽  
Grand Total ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Single Larva

Samples of D. pseudoobscura were taken in seventeen localities in Central Mexico inside the parallels 18o - 20o N, with the purpose of determine the chromosomal polymorphism in the third of the different populations of this species. From each captured female a single larva of its offspring was taken, its salivary glands extracted and stained with a solution of aceto orcein to observe the polytene chromosomes. From these smears the corresponding karyotype of each larva was determined, keeping a record of them. With the information gathered the relative frequency of each one of the fourteen different inversions found was calculated. A grand total of 1894 third chromosomes were analyzed. The fourteen different inversions found are equivalent to a 34.1 % of the total chromosomal variation of the species. The most abundant inversions found were: TL 50.6 %, CU 27.2 5, SC 9.1 % and EP 5.5 %; the remaining ten inversions detected are in general grounds rare ones with variable relative frequencies depending on the locality. Analysis of the predominant inversions for each population was done. The presence of West-East gradients is reported, even if in cases not so well defined, since as one moves in a particular direction the ups and downs in relative frequency for the alternating pairs TL-CU; TL-SC in the western populations and TL-CU in the eastern ones were observed. The assignment of each population to a particular race was also done, and such a way we were able to recognize three different races coexisting in the area of study.

scholarly journals Changes in the occurrence of rainfall-induced landslides in Calabria, Southern Italy, in the 20th century

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 3579-3619
Author(s):  
S. L. Gariano ◽  
O. Petrucci ◽  
F. Guzzetti
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract. We exploit a catalogue of 1466 rainfall events with landslides in the 90 year period 1921–2010 to study temporal and geographical variations in the occurrence of landslides in Calabria, Southern Italy. We use daily rainfall records obtained by a network of 318 rain gauges to reconstruct 448 493 rainfall events. Combining the rainfall and the landslide information, we obtain a catalogue of 1466 rainfall events with landslides (REL) in Calabria from 1921 to 2010, where a REL is the occurrence of one or more landslide during or immediately after a rainfall event. We find that the geographical and the temporal distributions of the rainfall-induced landslides have changed in the observation period. The average and the maximum values of the cumulated event rainfall that have resulted in landslides in the recent-most 30 year period 1981–2010 are lower than the values necessary to trigger landslides in previous periods, whereas the duration of the rainfall events that triggered landslides has remained the same. This can be considered evidence of variations in rainfall conditions, but also an increase in the vulnerability of the territory. We further find that the yearly distribution of rainfall-induced landslides has changed in the observation period, analysing the variations in the number of rainfall events with landslides occurred in each month in three 30 year periods. To investigate variations in the impact of REL on the population, we compared the number of REL in each of the 409 municipalities in Calabria, with the size of the population in the municipalities, measured by national Censuses conducted in 1951, 1981, and 2011. For the purpose, we adopted two strategies. The first strategy considered impact as IREL = #REL/P and the second strategy measured impact as RREL = #REL × P, where #REL is the total number of REL in a period, and P is the size of the population in the same period and geographical area. Considering the entire observation period, IREL and RREL have both increased in Calabria. However, considering the changes between the recent period 1981–2010 and the previous period 1951–1980, results are more variegated with a number of municipalities where IREL and RREL have increased, or decreased. Municipalities where IREL has increased are mainly in the mountains, and municipalities where RREL has increased are mainly along the coasts.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LOCAL UV RADIATION ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE SKIN OF GUINEA PIGS IN EARLY AND REMOTE PERIODS AFTER IRRADIATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-707
Author(s):  
Tetyana V. Zvyagintseva ◽  
Svitlana I. Myronchenko ◽  
Nataliia I. Kytsiuk ◽  
Olga V. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Morphological Picture ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Observation Period

The aim is to establish the features of morphological and morphometric changes in the skin of guinea pigs in erythemal, early post-erythemal and late post-erythemic periods after local ultraviolet irradiation. Materials and methods: Studies were conducted on 54 albino guinea pigs weighing 400-500 g. Ultraviolet erythema was caused by irradiation in 1 minimum erythemal dose. The control group included intact guinea pigs. After 2, 4 hours, on the 3rd, 8th, 15th, 21st, 28th day, the fragments of the irradiated skin were investigated using histochemical and morphometric methods. Results: After 2, 4 hours after irradiation, dyscirculatory changes in the skin develop. By the 3rd day of the experiment a morphological picture of acute inflammation in the epidermis and dermis develops, apoptotic keratinocytes appear (sunburn cells), which is accompanied by thickening of the epidermis and an increase in the density of fibroblasts. By the 8th day proliferative-hyperplastic and degenerative changes begin to prevail, including dystrophic nature, the thickness of the epidermis and the density of fibroblasts reach a maximum. In the long term, on the 15-28th day, dystrophic changes of the epidermis, dyskeratosis, changes in the number and structure of elastic fibers with an increase in uneven fibrosis, collagenization processes and the development of sclerotic changes, as well as a significant thickening of the epidermis, an increase in the density of fibroblasts are observed. Conclusions: The data obtained indicate pronounced morphofunctional changes in the skin in the zone of local ultraviolet irradiation observed throughout the entire observation period.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA (PERIODE 2009-2013)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Safitri ◽  
Nadirsyah Nadirsyah ◽  
Darwanis Darwanis
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Third ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Observation Period

The purposes of this research were to determine the effect of the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia on financing, both individually and simultaneously. The performance was measured through Third Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR). These four independent variables to be tested influence on the dependent variable. This research used census method that includes all of the Islamic banks in Indonesia for observational data. Research data observation period from 2009 until 2013 a total of 11 banks. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data.The results of this study found that the Third Party Funds (TPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), and Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) affect the financing, both individually and simultaneously. Fluctuations in either an increase or decrease of financing that occurred in Islamic banking in Indonesia is determined by the four independent variables. That is to say, the four independent variables that have an important role in the financing of Islamic banking in Indonesia. =========================================== Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kinerja keuangan bank umum syariah di Indonesia terhadap pembiayaan, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Kinerja keuangan diukur melalui Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) Keempat variabel bebas tersebut akan diuji pengaruhnya terhadap satu variabel tidak bebas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian sensus, yakni memasukan semua bank umum syariah yang ada di Indonesia ke dalam data pengamatan. Periode pengamatan data penelitian dari tahun 2009 s.d 2013 yang berjumlah 11 perbankan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) berpengaruh terhadap pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Fluktuasi baik itu peningkatan atau penurunan pembiayaan yang terjadi pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia ditentukan oleh keempat variabel bebas tersebut. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa, keempat variabel bebas tersebut mempunyai peranan penting atas pembiayaan pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia.

scholarly journals CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF HEMORRHOIDS. AN ALTERNATIVE TO SURGICAL METHODS OR COMPONENTS? CHORUS PROGRAM RESULTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
E. A. Zagryadskiy ◽  
A. M. Bogomazov ◽  
E. B. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction ◽  
Flavonoid Fraction ◽  
Observational Group ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Observation Period

OBJECTIVE. Determine the frequency of clinical manifestations of hemorrhoids and constipation in people seeking advice about hemorrhoids. In the course of the treatment of patients with hemorrhoids phlebotropic evaluate the effectiveness of therapy micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF). MATERIALS AND METHODS. This multicenter study, including screening and observation part, which is part of the International Research «CHORUS» (Chronic venous and hemorrhoid diseases evaluation and scientific research), conducted in nine centers in different regions of Russia, 80 doctors of Coloproctology. In the screening group included 2668 patients who had investigated the incidence of constipation, as a risk factor for hemorrhoids. Conservative treatment, the foundation of which was, Moffitt therapy, received 1952 patients with stage I-IV hemorrhoids. Evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated on the basis of a questionnaire. RESULTS. The questionnaire shows that constipation suffered - 766 (28,8 %) patients. Violation of defecation patterns and changes in stool consistency was observed in 1155 (43,9%) and 633 (25.5 %), respectively. At the same time, 288 (11,1 %) indicated a tendency to loose stools and diarrhea. Conservative treatment, the foundation of which is phlebotropic MPFF therapy conducted in patients of observational group has shown its efficiency in all grades of hemorrhoids. During the entire observation period of conservative treatment was effective in 1489 (76,3 %) patients. Surgical treatment was performed in 463 (23 %) patients grade I-IV hemorrhoids, the main part of patients with grade III -199 (43,1 %) and grade IV hemorrhoids - 68 (64,2 %). CONCLUSION. Conservative treatment of hemorrhoid disease, which is the basis on phlebotropic MPFF therapy, is effective at all stages of hemorrhoids, but in patients with grade III and grade IV disease requires surgical treatment.

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