Improvement of accounting representation of non-current assets

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
N. Levitsky
Keyword(s):  
Computer Networks ◽  
Electronic Property ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of

The essence of non-current assets is investigated and their main components are revealed in this paper. The problems of accounting for non-current non-monetary assets, which currently occupy an important share in the total value of assets, are studied. The place of new types of property – computer programs, electronic databases, websites (online stores, electronic printed publications and other electronic media) in the structure of non-current assets in particular, and property of the enterprise in general is determined. It is proved that such property is be closely related to the application of computer equipment and computer networks such as the Internet. In order to summarize the selected features and characteristics of this type of property, it is proposed to combine them into the separate group called «Electronic Property». Allocated objects are neither things nor property rights, the amount of money invested in this property is huge, and the turnover from the sale of goods and services via the Internet (online stores) is significant. On the global scale, such manipulations make it possible to clarify the concept and meaning of the term «intangible assets». The concept of «electronic property» is defined as property that has no material, natural form, which functions exclusively in conjunction with the physical resources of personal computers or computer networks. In order to organize the accounting of the investigated type of property, it is proposed to combine it into a separate accounting group «electronic assets» and to use for reflection in the accounting system the following accounts of the Chart of Accounts: 128 sub-account – «electronic assets», 136 subaccount – «depreciation of electronic assets». The main stages of accounting for non-current assets: identification and definition of non-current assets; classification of non-current assets; evaluation of non-current assets for accounting purposes; criteria, norms, methods of depreciation; principles of objects depreciation impossibility; procedure (methodology) for accounting of non-current assets aiming to determine the financial result are identified.

scholarly journals Income Tax: Genesis of Definition and Object of Accounting

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
G. BASHYROVA
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Income tax in many countries is one of the main sources of filling the public budget and levers of influence on the development of economic processes at the macro level. The income tax ensures the balance of economic interests of the state, legal entities and individuals and the avoidance of excessive tax pressure. The impact of European integration processes on the Ukrainian accounting system increases the relevance of the development of the organization and methods of accounting for income tax. The purpose of the article is to establish the main phases of the evolution of the concept of “income tax”, clarify its economic content and identify the characteristics as an object of accounting. The article examines the historical phases of the income tax evolution, taking into account amendments in the tax law in Ukraine. A review of interpretations of the concept of “income tax” by foreign and domestic scholars was made, to establish the three main approaches to its interpretation: as a direct tax paid by a business entity from the received profit; as an item of the company financial statement, informing concerned parties on the amount of the assessed and paid tax; as a company’s payment to the state for utilization of economic infrastructure and resources. The author’s definition of the concept of “income tax” is proposed, which contributes to the clarification of the accounting terminology. It is argued that income tax should be considered through the prism of the tax law and accounting standards. A comparison of treatment to income tax as an accounting object in the National Accounting Standard 17 “Tax Income” and International Accounting Standards 12 “Income Taxes” is made. Based on a study of the legal framework for the accounting of income tax, its main components are identified as an object of accounting.

scholarly journals Marketing relations in online advertising

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Evgeniya G. Radygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
New Business ◽  
Online Stores

Introduction. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the model of communication between customers and suppliers within the online space has long influenced all marketing stages in the introduction of goods and services, starting with customer awareness, attitudes towards customers, soliciting potential customers to testing new products, sales, and customer retention. The purpose of the research is to identify features of the Internet as a space of marketing relationships and formulate the principles of interaction with users. Materials and methods. The reviewed sources included contemporary periodicals: Journal of Targeting Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, Electronic Markets, Marketing, etc. The study of Internet resources was based on the authors’ own data received by analysing the portals WebCanape, WebsiteSetup, Statista, etc. Results. There are nearly half a billion new users on social media; trillions of dollars have been spent in online stores, according to the annual Global Digital 2021 report. As of October 2021, the most popular social networks in the world by the number of active users (in millions) are Facebook (2,894), YouTube (2,291), WhatsApp (2,000), Instagram (1,393), Facebook Messenger (1,300), Weixin/WeChat (1,251), TikTok (1,000), etc. The Internet as a new business environment differs from traditional economic sectors by a higher level of heterogeneity. From the standpoint of marketing, the Internet makes it possible to simultaneously bring a message to a large number of users (mass communication is ensured), on the other hand, to customise the offer for specific consumers according to their needs. Conclusion. Contemporary marketing follows the consumer, i.e. uses the online environment as a point of contact with the consumer to promote and distribute products. Relationship marketing theories are based on the need for companies to invest in relationships between themselves and consumers. Relationship marketing focuses on taking relationships between the company and the consumer from a state of engagement to that of loyalty. Each customer has a personality and his/her relationship with a particular brand becomes the dominant factor influencing his/her decision regarding purchase or service.

scholarly journals Інтернет-торгівля: сутність та особливості

2013 ◽  
pp. 160-162
Author(s):  
Н. М. Тягунова ◽  
М. Ю. Гудзенко
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Trading Activity ◽  
Internet Commerce ◽  
Trading Activities ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of

Узагальнено і систематизовано підходи вітчизня-них та зарубіжних науковців щодо визначення сутності понять «електронна комерція» та «Інтернет-комерція». Запропоновано визначення поняття «Інтернет-торгівля» на основі аналізу основних складових торговельної діяльності, що здійснюється за допомогою телекомунікаційних можливостей всесвітньої мережі: Інтернет-торгівля – це така форма торгівлі, за якої вся дія-льність, пов’язана з купівлею-продажем товарів, ведеться через Інтернет. При цьому внутрішні процеси, пов’язані з організацією торговельної діяльності, можуть бути реалізовані різними електронними методами. The article summarized and systematized approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to determine the nature of the concepts of “E-commerce” and “Internet-commerce”. The authors give a definition of “E-tailing” based on the analysis of the main components of trading activities undertaken by telecommunication capabilities of the Internet: E-tailing is a form of trade, at which all activity of selling or buying, is provided by the Internet. Thus internal processes, related to organization of trading activity, can be realized by different electronic methods.

scholarly journals Legal Responses to IPR Infringement in Internet Sphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Mahbubl Islam
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
Online Business ◽  
Ip Law

The emergence of the Internet has changed the ways in which we create, distribute, access, and use information. The Internet provides manifold opportunities for users, operators, businesses, and the public at large for speedy, cheap, and global dissemination of information, knowledge, research, and entertainment. At the same time, it also poses complex conceptual and empirical challenges for intellectual property and related rights. Works of intellectual property can be digitized and transferred over the Internet. Many trademarks have been placed on it by the companies for advertising and marketing goods and services. In the field of copyright, a number of works of literature, film and art, and notably computer programs, have been transferred over the Internet. The patent system has also migrated onto the Internet. It is now popular for companies to patent their online business methods. In the Internet Sphere, the infringer can easily misdirect consumers to its website by using another’s trademark as a meta-tag, and it is also easy to copy and distribute other’s copyright materials unlawfully. Due to global nature of the Internet, an Internet IP infringement usually happens not only within one country but also across borders. All of these have raised many difficulties for the protection of IPRs in Internet sphere. Therefore everyone has been dubious of what the actual laws concerning Intellectual Property rights are in relation to Internet sphere. Today the Internet explosion has made the question of how to enforce IP law on a global scale as an imperative issue. In this Article, the author tries to accentuate the existing as well as changing IPR challenges brought about by the Internet and project what issues a national legislature should consider to meet the demands of the digital revolution. The core object of this study is to scrutinize the compelling factors behind the Intellectual Property Rights Infringements through the Internet and investigate the existing Legal Responses in International, Regional and Local levels. However, the findings demonstrate that mass-awareness, consensus and mutual co-operation among the developed and developing countries, proper enforcement of the existing laws as well as bringing amendments to some areas of Law can be cited as a potential solution.  

The Importance of Electronic Commerce in Modern Business

2018 ◽  
pp. 2791-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kijpokin Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Computer Networks ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Online Stores

This article explains the overview of e-commerce and the importance of electronic commerce (e-commerce) in modern business. E-commerce consists of the purchasing and selling of products or services through electronic systems, such as computer networks and the Internet. In this modern world of technology, e-commerce is becoming a very significant option for many businesses as there are lots of companies that are interested in developing their online stores. E-commerce becomes one of the preferred ways of shopping as they enjoy their online because of its easiness and convenience. Because of its convenience, consumers can save their lots of time as well as money by searching their products easily and making purchasing online. The article argues that applying e-commerce has the potential to enhance organizational performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in modern business.

Website as an e-Commerce Tool: Regulatory Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1032
Author(s):  
Andrey Vladimirovich RYZHIK ◽  
Vladimir Lvovich SLESAREV ◽  
Vitalij Anatolevich MALCEV ◽  
Vladimir Pavlovich KAMISHANSKY
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
Ip Address ◽  
Electronic Documents ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Online Stores

This paper presents an analysis of the legal nature and regulation features of the website, which is the main tool of electronic commerce. There are various definitions of the concept of website that reflect the legal nature of the definition in question, depending on the circumstances of its use. It has been established that a website refers to a set of electronic documents (files), united under one address (domain name and (or) IP address). The authors come to the conclusion that, depending on the business model used by the subject of electronic commerce, websites can have both an informational and advertising character and contain the functionality of online stores, accepting and processing orders for goods and services online and, in many cases, performing them as well. With a certain degree of conventionality, one can say that in modern conditions the website acts as a representative of the person on the Internet. Therefore, the very first stage of its use — the stage of creating a website — is particularly important.

The Importance of Electronic Commerce in Modern Business

2019 ◽  
pp. 255-267
Author(s):  
Kijpokin Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Computer Networks ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Online Stores

This chapter explains the overview of e-commerce and the importance of electronic commerce (e-commerce) in modern business. E-commerce consists of the purchasing and selling of products or services through electronic systems, such as computer networks and the internet. In this modern world of technology, e-commerce is becoming a very significant option for many businesses as there are lots of companies that are interested in developing their online stores. E-commerce becomes one of the preferred ways of shopping as they enjoy their online because of its easiness and convenience. Because of its convenience, consumers can save time as well as money by searching their products easily and making purchasing online. The chapter argues that applying e-commerce has the potential to enhance organizational performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in modern business.

Sharing Economy as a New Organization Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-296
Author(s):  
Jialei Li ◽  
Tao Meng ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Definition Of

Although the sharing economy's commercial practice is booming, the study on the formation mechanism is fragmented. This chapter captures a whole picture of sharing economy's research and gives suggestions for future interesting studies. Based on the method of the Prisma protocol for systematic literature review, with the help of CiteSpace software, the authors map out the structure of existing literature. Current research found out that sharing economy as a new organization model is the current developing trend, sharing economy could be a strong method in the organization's management area. The definition of sharing economy can be included as a new economic phenomenon based on the internet, including peer-to-peer-based activities of obtaining, giving, or sharing the access to goods and services to maximize the utilization. This chapter concluded the connotation of sharing economy, based on the resource view, property right view, and technique view, and several future research plans are generated.

Building E-Commerce From the Ground Up

2011 ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
David Gordon ◽  
James E. Skibo
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Electronic Data Interchange ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Data Interchange ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Business Week ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Double Digit

The selling of goods and services on the Internet has evolved from a hypothetical business concept into a thriving, multi-billion dollar industry which has prospects of sustained double-digit growth well into the first decade of the 2000s. This new market channel is estimated to achieve over $108 billion in sales transactions by 2003 (Business Week, Sept. 1999). There are various definitions regarding what is meant by “electronic commerce,” however for the purposes of this chapter, we will confine our definition of the term to that segment of the retail industry which comprises sales transactions for products and services consummated via the Internet. This is a critical distinction from the far more vast array of literature devoted to companies’ use of electronic commerce such as Electronic Data Interchange for the purpose of reducing operating costs by streamlining productivity and efficiency. In short, we will limit our view of e-commerce to the business of selling goods and services via the Internet. Within this realm of e-commerce, there are several critical issues that arise for companies seeking to open an e-commerce storefront. In this chapter, we will use the actual experiences of one retailer to highlight various approaches to those issues.

scholarly journals SMM as a Tool to Promote Products and Services in the Modern Economy through the Internet

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamila Ismetovna Musredinova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Brand Promotion ◽  
Definition Of

This article discusses the concept of SMM as a tool for promotion and marketing of goods and services in the economy to the market. It also highlighted the main advantages and disadvantages of SMM - promotion. Described the specifics, trends and conduct and promotion in social networks. The definition of concepts such as brand, targeting, target audience. Considered the dynamics of SMM tools and current trends in the industry. Highlighted the features and importance of the target audience for brand promotion. What we have to consider when creating content, choosing methods of community-building, tools for promotion.

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