scholarly journals Potential Anti-Inflammatory Properties Effect of Myrrh

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1687-1694
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Knowledge Deficits ◽  
The Impact

The natural gum Myrrh, a resinous extrude of genus Commiphora species, has found several applications, especially in traditional medicine. Myrrh has been used for treating different diseases, including inflammatory diseases, in diverse communities across the world. Allopathic usage of Myrrh, however, is limited by knowledge deficits regarding pharmacological mechanisms underlying these clinical effects, in particular, its anti-inflammatory role. This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the effect of myrrh extracts as well as its bioactive compounds on the functions of white blood cells and inflammatory mediators. Relevant information about the impact of Myrrh on the functions of white blood cells and inflammatory mediators was collected from established scientific databases such as NCBI, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A few books were also referred to as obtaining important information. Myrrh and its bioactive molecules have been shown to have potential effects on the functions of white blood cells and immunomodulatory activities. However, few studies have reported these effects. In-depth studies are necessary to determine the effect of Myrrh and its bioactive molecules on immune cells and inflammatory mediators.

scholarly journals The Enigma of Eosinophil Degranulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7091
Author(s):  
Timothée Fettrelet ◽  
Lea Gigon ◽  
Alexander Karaulov ◽  
Shida Yousefi ◽  
Hans-Uwe Simon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
Cytotoxic Effector ◽  
Eosinophil Degranulation

Eosinophils are specialized white blood cells, which are involved in the pathology of diverse allergic and nonallergic inflammatory diseases. Eosinophils are traditionally known as cytotoxic effector cells but have been suggested to additionally play a role in immunomodulation and maintenance of homeostasis. The exact role of these granule-containing leukocytes in health and diseases is still a matter of debate. Degranulation is one of the key effector functions of eosinophils in response to diverse stimuli. The different degranulation patterns occurring in eosinophils (piecemeal degranulation, exocytosis and cytolysis) have been extensively studied in the last few years. However, the exact mechanism of the diverse degranulation types remains unknown and is still under investigation. In this review, we focus on recent findings and highlight the diversity of stimulation and methods used to evaluate eosinophil degranulation.

Lead exposure affects inflammatory mediators, total and differential white blood cells in sensitized guinea pigs during and after sensitization

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Boskabady ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Kohi ◽  
Goudarz Sadeghi-Hashjin ◽  
Mostafa Moin
Keyword(s):  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
White Blood Cells

scholarly journals Flavonoids Identified from KoreanScutellaria baicalensisGeorgi Inhibit Inflammatory Signaling by Suppressing Activation of NF-κB and MAPK in RAW 264.7 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyeong-Eun Hong ◽  
Jin-A. Kim ◽  
Arulkumar Nagappan ◽  
Silvia Yumnam ◽  
Ho-Jeong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Scutellaria baicalensisGeorgi has been used as traditional medicine for treating inflammatory diseases, hepatitis, tumors, and diarrhea in Asia. Hence, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect and determined the molecular mechanism of action of flavonoids isolated from KoreanS. baicalensisG. in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed to examine cytotoxicity of the flavonoids at various concentrations of 10, 40, 70, and 100 µg/mL. No cytotoxicity was observed in RAW 264.7 cells at these concentrations. Furthermore, the flavonoids decreased production of inflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inhibited phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, to identify the differentially expressed proteins in RAW 264.7 cells of the control, LPS-treated, and flavonoid-treated groups, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were conducted. The identified proteins were involved in the inflammatory response and included PRKA anchor protein and heat shock protein 70 kD. These findings suggest that the flavonoids isolated fromS. baicalensisG. might have anti-inflammatory effects that regulate the expression of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway via the MAPK signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Differential White Blood Cells in the Diagnosis of the Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 6082-6087
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Pain Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Right Iliac Fossa Pain ◽  
The Impact

Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain is a common symptom which has shown diagnostic difficulties for the surgical emergency clinic. A White Blood Cells test is required for Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to clarify the importance of Differential White Blood Cells test for Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain diagnosis. The present observational study was conducted in in Heet General Hospital over a period of five months included 62 patients from both genders of different ages (5-45 years) who were suffering from Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pain. All patients were subjected to Differential White Blood Cells test which was carried out in the hospital laboratory using (Hematology Pentra 60 Series HORIBA ABX SAS). A statistical analysis were then run using ANOVA and LSD tests. The analysis have shown the means of each type as follow; NEU (8.3516), LYM (31.2984), MON, (6.1952), GRA (62.6790) 10^3/mm3. Also, a comparison among all the WBCs types and also between and within groups was performed using one and two ways Analysis of Variance ANOVA tests which have shown that there are significant differences of all differentials WBCs types. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Based on our findings, it can be clearly stated that Differential White Blood Cells tests (not only WBC) are very important for the clear diagnosis of Acute Right Iliac Fossa Pathology.

scholarly journals Does iron-fortified chewing gum influence the biochemical profile of school-going children (6–10 yrs.)?

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Mian Kamran Sharif ◽  
Fais-Ul-Hassan Shah ◽  
Maratab Ali ◽  
Muhammad Amer Nazir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Cell Hemoglobin

Iron deficiency has become a common nutritional problem of developing countries, especially in children. This study approached to tackle the issue of iron deficiency by inexpensive fortified food such as chewing gums, which is commonly consumed by children. In this study, iron-fortified chewing gums were prepared by adding ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) and sodium iron EDTA (NaFeEDTA) 30 mg/100 g. An efficacy trial was conducted to determine the impact of iron-fortified chewing gums on the blood profile and iron status of school-going children (n = 300). Results showed maximum increase in blood profile and iron status that is, serum ferritin (10.43%), hemoglobin (3.22%), hematocrit (3.42%), red blood cells (3.05%), mean cell volume (1.55%), mean cell hemoglobin (5.43%), total white blood cells count (9.09%), and platelets count (4.40%) as compared with control whereas decrease in mean cell hemoglobin concentration (1.90%) and neutrophils (3.33%) was also observed. The study concluded that FeSO4 and NaFeEDTA (1:1) fortification of chewing gums is an appropriate approach for mitigating iron deficiency among the target population.

The effect of total flavonoids from Saussurea involucrata on the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Shan Yan ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Brian Chi-Yan Cheng ◽  
Yu Ding ◽  
Jing Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Saussurea Involucrata ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Saussurea involucrate (SI) has long been used to treat inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. The main active constituents of SI are flavonoids, which are a class of polyphenolic compounds. However, few studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the total flavonoids of SI (FSI). The mechanism underlying this action is still not fully understood. In the present study, we employed RAW264.7 cell line as an inflammatory cell model to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of FSI and explore the corresponding molecular mechanisms.Methods We extracted FSI using chromatographic column method. The cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Griess assay. The release of cytokines and chemokines were determined by ELISA assays. The nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Western blotting analysis was performed to determine the related protein expression.Results The results showed that the amount of FSI extracted from SI was 751.5 mg/g. The production of inflammatory mediators was effectively inhibited by FSI. Meanwhile, FSI also suppressed the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3. The elevated expression of iNOS, COX-2, p-IKKα/β, p-TBK1, p-IκBα, p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, p-p65, p-c-Jun, p-IRF3 induced by LPS was remarkably reduced by FSI treatment.Conclusion These findings indicated that FSI has a potential ability to inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and the underlying mechanism may be related to block the p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 signaling pathways. This study provided evidence for the anti-inflammatory mode and the underlying mechanism of FSI.

scholarly journals Changes in white blood cells in sheep blood during selenium supplementation

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pisek ◽  
J. Travnicek ◽  
J. Salat ◽  
V. Kroupova ◽  
M. Soch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the impact of selenium supplementation on white blood cell parameters in the blood of ewes. The total white blood cell (WBC) and differentiation of leukocytes in blood smear were detected by a microscopic analysis, and the CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> subsets were detected by flow cytometry. A decrease in the count of WBC was recorded during pregnancy; it was statistically significant only in the group supplemented with organic selenium. In the postpartal period there was a statistically significant increase in the percentages of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> subsets but differences between the groups were not statistically significant. The results of the experiment documented that the supplementation of different forms of selenium did not markedly influence the dynamics of blood parameters in non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating ewes if the intake of vitamins and other essential microelements was adequate.

scholarly journals Disassociation of Vitamin D’s Calcemic Activity and Non-calcemic Genomic Activity and Individual Responsiveness: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Shirvani ◽  
Tyler Arek Kalajian ◽  
Anjeli Song ◽  
Michael F. Holick
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe aims of this randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial were to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on calcium metabolism and non-calcemic broad gene expression by relating them to the individual’s responsiveness to varying doses of vitamin D3. Thirty healthy adults were randomized to receive 600, 4,000 or 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 for 6 months. Circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25(OH)D, calcium and peripheral white blood cells broad gene expression were evaluated. We observed a dose-dependent increase in 25(OH)D concentrations, decreased PTH and no change in serum calcium. A plateau in PTH levels was achieved at 16 weeks in the 4000 and 10,000 IU/d groups. There was a dose-dependent 25(OH)D alteration in broad gene expression with 162, 320 and 1289 genes up- or down-regulated in their white blood cells, respectively. Our results clearly indicated that there is an individual’s responsiveness on broad gene expression to varying doses of vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 supplementation at 10,000 IU/d produced genomic alterations several fold higher than 4,000 IU/d even without further changes in PTH levels. Our findings may help explain why there are some inconsistency in the results of different vitamin D’s clinical trials.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Peptide CMA3 Derived from the CA-MA Hybrid Peptide: Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activities with Low Cytotoxicity and Mechanism of Action in Escherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-kook Lee ◽  
Chang Ho Seo ◽  
Tudor Luchian ◽  
Yoonkyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity

ABSTRACTCA-MA is a hybrid antimicrobial peptide (AMP) derived from two naturally occurring AMPs, cecropin A and magainin 2. CA-MA shows strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria but also exhibits cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells. Our objective was to identify CA-MA analogues with reduced cytotoxicity by systematic replacement of amino acids with positively charged R groups (His and Lys), aliphatic R groups (Leu), or polar R groups (Glu). Among the CA-MA analogues studied (CMA1 to -6), CMA3 showed the strongest antimicrobial activity, including against drug-resistantEscherichia coliandPseudomonas aeruginosastrains isolated from hospital patients. CMA3 appeared to act by inducing pore formation (toroidal model) in the bacterial membrane. In cytotoxicity assays, CMA3 showed little cytotoxicity toward human red blood cells (hRBCs) or HaCaT cells. Additionally, no fluorescence was released from small or giant unilamellar vesicles exposed to 60 μM CMA3 for 80 s, whereas fluorescence was released within 35 s upon exposure to CA-MA. CMA3 also exerted strong lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-neutralizing activity in RAW 264.7 cells, and BALB/c mice exposed to LPS after infection byEscherichia colishowed improved survival after administration of one 0.5-mg/kg of body weight or 1-mg/kg dose of CMA3. Finally, in a mouse model of septic shock, CMA3 reduced the levels of proinflammatory factors, including both nitric oxide and white blood cells, and correspondingly reduced lung tissue damage. This study suggests that CMA3 is an antimicrobial/antiendotoxin peptide that could serve as the basis for the development of anti-inflammatory and/or antimicrobial agents with low cytotoxicity.

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