scholarly journals Risk-Based Causal Model of Risk Factors for Infection among Medical Personnel Involved in the Care Of Patients with the New COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
E.A. Annenkova ◽  
◽  
O.A. Tikhonova ◽  
A.P. Biryukov ◽  
L.I. Baranov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Infectious Disease Department ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The aim of the study is to develop and apply a mathematical model for assessing the risks of contamination of medical personnel involved in providing medical care to patients with COVID-19 in a "red zone" environment. Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of informative signs and information on working conditions in the infectious disease department of the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, a decision-making support system was developed to provide an objective assessment of the risks of infection for medical personnel when providing medical care in the "red zone". Results of the study and their analysis. The influence of various risk factors for infection of medical personnel involved in the provision of medical care to patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was analyzed; the most significant risk factors were identified.

scholarly journals Sanitary Aspects of Countering the Spread of COVID-19 in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12456
Author(s):  
Elena Belova ◽  
Ekaterina Shashina ◽  
Denis Shcherbakov ◽  
Yury Zhernov ◽  
Vitaly Sukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Risk Categories

Due to the conditions that cause the spread of COVID-19, national health systems worldwide are under severe strain. Most countries face similar difficulties such as a lack of medical personnel and equipment and tools for diagnosis and treatment, overrun hospitals, and forced restriction of planned medical care. Public authorities in healthcare take the following measures due to increased pressure: limiting the transmission and spread of the virus (social distancing and quarantine), mobilizing medical personnel, ensuring the availability of diagnostic and treatment tools, and providing a sufficient number of premises, which are not always suitable for the provision of medical care (buildings and structures). To date, the stages of management decision-making to counter coronavirus infection and the risk of COVID-19 transmission at various facilities have not been analyzed. The authors propose a methodology for assessing the COVID-19 transmission risk at various social and transport facilities. A survey of 1325 respondents from Moscow demonstrated the most significant risk factors, such as visitation avoidance, infection risk, and facemask wearing. Risk categories were determined and objects classified according to high, medium, and low-risk levels.

Features of the course of coronavirus infection in patients with diabetes mellitus

2022 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anatolievich Klimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Concomitant Disease ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Population Mortality

Diabetesmellitus, overweight and the age of a patient over 65 years old are identified by clinicians as themain factors that can complicate the course of the coronavirus infection and increase the likelihood of fatal outcome. Although in the general human population mortality from coronavirus fluctuateswithin 3–5 %, sometimes very significantly differing in individual countries, this level can reach 15–25 % among patientswith diabetes, especially for those receiving insulin therapy. Diabetes mellitus as a concomitant disease in COVID-19 is considered one of the most significant risk factors for the development of adverse outcomes due to a more severe course of infection in conditions of hyperglycemia and other aggravating factors.

Incidence of COVID-19 in outpatient healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 540-545
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Suslin ◽  
Maiia L. Sirotko ◽  
Marina N. Bochkareva ◽  
Sergey A. Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Occupational Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Currently, work in any medical organization carries a risk of coronavirus infection, and, first of all, this applies to medical organizations dealing with the treatment of patients infected with coronavirus. Medical workers are a group at increased risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the provision of medical care in modern conditions, which determines their incidence of COVID-19 [1-3]. The aim of the study is to explore the prevalence of cases of COVID-19 infection in medical workers providing medical care on an outpatient basis. Materials and methods. The analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 medical workers in one of the large medical organizations of the Samara region during the period of the pandemic was carried out. The medical staff of the medical organization includes 207 doctors. There are 11 subdivisions in the structure of the medical and prophylactic institution. Research methods: content analysis of the modern regulatory framework (2020-2021), statistical, expert. For the period from May 2020 to March 2021 71 cases of infection of medical workers on an outpatient basis with SARS-CoV-2 were identified, of which 32 doctors (45%) and 39 people (55%) nurses. Based on the results of the expert assessment, the insurance nature of the infection case was established in 50 people (70%). Among the medical and nursing categories of medical workers, the largest number of cases was made by doctors and nurses of primary contact - specialists of the district service: general practitioners (40%), pediatricians (32%), doctors - obstetricians-gynecologists (12%), nurses adults (76%) and children (20%) polyclinic departments. A third of health workers received inpatient treatment for severe COVID-19, an average of 60 days. Conclusion. Medical workers are a risk group of COVID-19 who need support measures, since the possibility of occupational infection has been sufficiently proven, and the risk probably depends on the work performed and the conditions of direct contact of medical personnel, which requires further study in the current persisting epidemic conditions.

scholarly journals Risk Causal Analysis of Traffic-Intensive Waters Based on Infectious Disease Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Yong-jun Chen ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Cheng-peng Wan
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Yangtze River Estuary ◽  
Disease Dynamics ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
Infectious Disease Dynamics

Accidents occur frequently in traffic-intensive waters, which restrict the safe and rapid development of the shipping industry. Due to the suddenness, randomness, and uncertainty of accidents in traffic-intensive waters, the probability of the risk factors causing traffic accidents is usually high. Thus, properly analyzing those key risk factors is of great significance to improve the safety of shipping. Based on the analysis of influencing factors of ship navigational risks in traffic-intensive waters, this paper proposes a cloud model to excavate the factors affecting navigational risk, which could accurately screen out the key risk factors. Furthermore, the risk causal model of ship navigation in traffic-intensive waters is constructed by using the infectious disease dynamics method in order to model the key risk causal transmission process. Moreover, an empirical study of the Yangtze River estuary is conducted to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed models. The research results show that the cloud model is useful in screening the key risk factors, and the constructed causal model of ship navigational risks in traffic-intensive waters is able to provide accurate analysis of the transmission process of key risk factors, which can be used to reduce the navigational risk of ships in traffic-intensive waters. This research provides both theoretical basis and practical reference for regulators in the risk management and control of ships in traffic-intensive waters.

scholarly journals A prospective pharmacovigilance study in the infectious diseases unit of a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 649-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berna Karaismailoglu ◽  
Nese Saltoglu ◽  
Ilker Inanc Balkan ◽  
Bilgul Mete ◽  
Fehmi Tabak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infectious Disease Unit ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Disease Unit

Introduction: The frequency, causality, severity, preventability and risk factors of ADRs (adverse drug reactions) in infectious disease units are not well defined in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the ADRs encountered in an infectious disease unit of a tertiary teaching hospital. Methodology: The patients who were admitted to the infectious disease unit of a tertiary teaching hospital longer than 24 hours between January and December of 2016 were followed prospectively. Patients were observed and questioned for any sign of ADRs. The proportion of ADRs and patient characteristics were investigated. Causality was evaluated by the Naranjo algorithm, severity was determined using the Hartwig classification, and preventability was assessed using the Schumock and Thornton scale. Results: 210 patients were admitted to the unit during the study period, of whom 44 patients (20.9%) experienced 51 ADRs. 5.9% of ADRs were found to be serious according to the Hartwig severity classification. In addition, 88.1% of ADRs were not preventable. The most frequently detected ADR was skin and subcutaneous tissue reactions (33.3%), and systemic antimicrobials were the most common type of drugs that caused an ADR. Prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001) and usage of an increased number of drugs (p < 0.001) were found to be significant risk factors for ADR development. Conclusions: Prolonged hospital stay and polypharmacy are significant risk factors that increase the incidence of ADRs in infectious disease units. The likelihood of unavoidable ADRs should arouse the attention of clinicians when prescribing antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with end stage renal disease. Is it preventable?

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile Infection ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of a healthcare-associated diarrhea worldwide. Recently, an increased number of new cases and growing mortality due to CDI have been observed. Patients suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are most exposed to CDI. It has been proven that CDI in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) significantly increases mortality, prolongs hospitalization and increases the cost of treatment. Important risk factors of CDI in ERSD patients include hospitalization or stay in an intensive care unit in the last 90 days, HIV infection, bacteremia, prolonged antibiotic therapy and hypoalbuminemia. Cirrhosis, age over 65 years, hypoalbuminemia, longer hospitalization time and use of antibiotics are significant risk factors of death. Effective methods of preventing CDI include hand hygiene with soap and water, isolation of infected patients in a private room with a dedicated toilet, the use of masks, gloves, disinfection of the environment and systematic education and control of medical personnel, as well as rational antibiotic policy. In addition, it is important to avoid antibiotics with a proven risk of CDI, caution use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2 receptor antagonists. It is also important in the prevention of CDI in people with ERSD, to apply a fast diagnostic since the onset of the first symptoms. The use of probiotics and bile acids in the primary prevention of CDI requires further research. It seems that knowledge of these factors and methods of prevention will significantly reduce morbidity and mortality due to CDI.

scholarly journals Assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel in military medical organizations during the pandemic of new coronavirus infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
S. V. Grebenkov ◽  
V. E. Batov ◽  
S. M. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Actual Working ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Special Assessment

Relevance. During the pandemic of new coronavirus infection, healthcare professionals have increased occupational risks of exposure to the pathogen SARS-CoV-2, as well as physical and psychological stress, especially when treating Covid patients in “red zones”. Such a change in working conditions wasn’t reflected in the results of a special assessment, which requires the development of an individual scientifically based approach to its organization in conditions equated to emergency situations. Intention. Evaluate the results of a special assessment of working conditions and their compliance with actual working conditions, taking into account the health risks for healthcare professionals taking care of Covid patients.Methodology. We retrospectively conducted a comparative analysis of 295 cards for a special assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel of military medical organizations of therapeutic and infectious profile over 2015–2019, and 266 cards from the same organizations for 2020.Results and Discussion. Study of cards for special assessment of working conditions of medical personnel of military medical organizations for 2015–2020 showed the leading role of biological factors for all categories of medical personnel. Working in the “Red zone” should be assessed as 3.3 (Degree III harmful) based on biological hazard or 4 (dangerous) due to risks of acute occupational diseases and death. This should be reflected in the results of special assessment of working conditions and compensated via reduction of working hours. However, in the context of the pandemic, actual working hours of healthcare professionals exceeded the established 39 hours per week (Article 350 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), and the medical personnel were allowed to work with the pathogen of Group II pathogenicity without preliminary medical examinations.Conclusion. Analysis of the results of special assessment of the working conditions of medical personnel showed that they do not reflect the actual harmful (dangerous) working conditions of employees involved in providing care to patients with new coronavirus infection in these medical and preventive institutions.

scholarly journals Features of the psychoemotional state of doctors providing medical care in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
A. A. Litvinova ◽  
A. V. Kravtsiva ◽  
A. V. Asmolovsky ◽  
S. V. Shamatkova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Clinical Emergency

Due to the difficult working conditions, the lack of effective treatment methods, and the high mortality rate, the work of doctors with a new coronavirus infection significantly affects their mental and emotional state.Objective. To study the features of the psychoemotional state of doctors, providing medical care in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection in Smolensk.Material and methods. A questionnaire was developed to study the psychoemotional state of health professionals. 110 doctors working with COVID-19 patients were interviewed at the bases of the Smolensk Regional Emergency Hospital, the Clinical Emergency Hospital, and the Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Smolensk. The results of the responses were statistically analyzed and revised.Results. There was an increased level of anxiety (average score 8.427) and depression (average score 7.518). 26.4% of the respondents were found to have a gross sleep disorder. 76.4% of doctors indicated a deterioration in their condition since starting work with COVID-19 patients. For the majority of medical professionals, the main factors that help to maintain normal psychoemotional state are the support of relatives and colleagues (93.6%) and the provision of PPE (74.5%).Conclusions. According to the results of the study, increased anxiety, depression and deterioration of the general condition of doctors working in «red zones» were found. An extremely low organization and availability of psychological support for doctors struggling with a new coronavirus infection was revealed.

METHOD FOR PREDICTING FATAL COMPLICATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORONAVIRAL INFECTION ON THE BACKGROUND OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Артем Викторович Винников ◽  
Александр Владимирович Быков ◽  
Николай Алексеевич Кореневский ◽  
Людмила Петровна Лазурина ◽  
Полина Сергеевна Азарова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Fatal Complications

Целью исследования является разработка метода прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений, провоцируемых действием на организм человека новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) на фоне иммунопролиферативных заболеваний, который позволит усовершенствовать лечебно-диагностические мероприятия при данной патологии. В качестве базового математического аппарата была выбрана методология синтеза гибридных нечетких решающих правил, которая хорошо зарекомендовала себя при решении задач с нечётким описанием исследуемых классов и схожим типом неопределенности. Предлагаемый метод прогнозирования позволяет учесть мультипликативный эффект воздействия на организм человека существенных факторов риска, характерных для рассматриваемого заболевания, с учетом его тяжести и скорости развития патологического процесса. В ходе проводимых исследований были синтезированы математические модели прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений. В ходе экспертного оценивания, математического моделирования и статистических испытаний показано, что уверенность в правильном принятии решений по прогнозу появления и развития исследуемого класса фатальных осложнений превышает величину 0,85. В работе получены нечёткие математические модели прогнозирования возникновения и развития фатальных осложнений у людей при развитии коронавирусной инфекции на фоне системной красной волчанки, для которых ведущими факторами риска являются вторичный антифосфолипидный синдром с нарушением микроциркуляции и гипоксемия. В ходе проведенных исследований была показана целесообразность использования полученных результатов в практике работы таких врачей, как иммунологи, инфекционисты, пульмонологи The aim of the study is to develop a method for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications provoked by the effect on the human body of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) against the background of immunoproliferative diseases, which will improve diagnostic and treatment measures for this pathology. The methodology for the synthesis of hybrid fuzzy decision rules was chosen as the basic mathematical apparatus, which has proven itself well in solving problems with a fuzzy description of the classes under study and a similar type of uncertainty. The proposed forecasting method allows one to take into account the multiplicative effect of exposure to the human body of significant risk factors characteristic of the disease under consideration, taking into account its severity and the rate of development of the pathological process. In the course of the research, mathematical models were synthesized for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications. In the course of expert assessment, mathematical modeling and statistical tests, it was shown that confidence in the correct decision-making on the prediction of the appearance and development of the studied class of fatal complications exceeds 0.85, which makes it possible to recommend the results obtained during the study for implementation into the practice of such doctors. as immunologists, infectious disease specialists, pulmonologists. The work obtained fuzzy mathematical models for predicting the occurrence and development of fatal complications in people with the development of coronavirus infection against the background of systemic lupus erythematosus, for which the leading risk factors are secondary antiphospholipid syndrome with microcirculation disorders and hypoxemia. In the course of the studies, the expediency of using the results obtained in the practice of the work of such doctors as immunologists, infectious disease specialists, pulmonologists was shown

scholarly journals Lower back pain at workplace: prevalence and risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina M. Goncharenko ◽  
Nataliya E. Komleva ◽  
Andrey A. Chekhonatsky
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Back

Objective — analysis of lower back pain (LBP) prevalence and risk factors for its development in employees with different conditions at their workplace, depending on their age, length of service, occupational factors, and physical activity. Material and Methods — As a result of a simultaneous cross-sectional study, 3300 employees with different conditions at their workplace were examined. To study the relationships between LBP prevalence and risk factors, we used the results of employees’ survey and physical examination, along with the data on their physical activity and working conditions. Results — The workplace posture was the most common production-related risk factor for developing LBP. The second most common risk factor was the weight of the load being lifted and carried, followed by general vibration at a workplace. The least significant factor was a bending motion. According to our data, LBP prevalence in all observation groups was increasing with both age and length of employment. Over 50% of those working in hazardous conditions at the age of 50 yo and higher had LBP. Low physical activity at a workplace led to a statistically significant increase in the chances of LBP emergence. Conclusion — In employees without exposure to harmful risk factors in the form of physical exertion and general vibration, the prevalence of LBP was significantly lower than in workers in harmful working conditions. The combined effect of static and dynamic physical activities at a workplace had a more pronounced negative impact on workers’ health. Low physical activity was a significant risk factor for LBP development.

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