scholarly journals Reproductive performance of Black Bengal goat under semi-intensive and extensive condition in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Jahid Hasan ◽  
Jalal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Liaquat Osman Mojumder ◽  
Md Showkat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The present study was carried out to investigate the status of different reproductive parameters of Black Bengal in a rural area of Mukterpur under Charghat Upazilla of Rajshahi district during the period of July to December/2012. A total of 200 Black Bengal goats under both semi-intensive (n=100) and extensive condition (n=100) were selected on the basis of age, weight, body shape and conformation. The average age at puberty was 197.82±12.58 days and age at first conception was 292.96±0.50 days under semi-intensive condition whereas 208.82±12.60 days and 287.65±0.52 days under extensive condition. Age at first kidding was 448.26±25.48 days under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition it was 450.07±22.43 days. Average litter size in the first, second and third parity was 1.06, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition, these were 1.01, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively. The average kidding interval of goats under semi-intensive and extensive conditions were 190.2±20 and 178.23±.50 days, respectively and the difference between these two was statistically significant (p<0.01). Sex ratio of male and female kids born was found to be 56 : 44, 44 : 56 and 55 : 45 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas, it was 55 : 45, 48 : 52 and 54 : 56 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under extensive condition. The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats varied from single to quadruplet. Average post partum weight of does was higher under semi-intensive condition than extensive condition which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Age of kid mortality was more in first parity under one month of age but gradually decreased with the age of kids under both semi-intensive condition and extensive condition. The average birth weight of kids was 1.28 ± 0.11 kg and 1.25 ± 0.10 kg under semi-intensive and extensive condition respectively which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Average birth weight of male was higher than female under both conditions. Kid mortality increased from 2 to 21% with the increase of parity. Birth weight of kids was higher in July-October and kid mortality was higher in winter season. The age at puberty was found earlier in summer season than others seasons under both semi-intensive and extensive conditions. Reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat were better in third parity than that of the first and second parity under both conditions.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 22-30

scholarly journals Comparative study between semi-intensive and scavenging production system on the performances of Black Bengal goat

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
AKMA Kabir ◽  
MU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heat Period ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

The experiment was aimed to investigate and compare the growth, milk production and reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat under semi-intensive production (IP) and scavenging production (SP) system. Six Black Bengal does were assigned into 2 treatment (IP and SP) having 3 in each group. The IP group was allowed to graze six hours daily and supplemented with concentrate (soybean meal and wheat bran) and roughage (sorghum and common grass) and the SP group was maintained by the rural landless farmer traditionally as scavenging system. The average birth weight of kids were 1.30 and 0.96 kg for IP and SP systems, respectively and varied significantly (P<0.01). The birth weight of male kids were significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of the female kids. Pre-weaning gain was also significantly (P<0.01) higher in IP than sp system. In both the systems, male kids always showed higher gain than that of females. The kids were weaned at an average age of 92 and 81 days for IP and SP systems, respectively. The kids of the IP and SP systems attained at an average weaning weight of 5.43 and 4.17 kg, respectively which differs significantly (P<0.01). Weaning weight was found to be significantly higher in IP than SP systems. Average initial live weight, live weight at kidding and final live weight at post partum heat of does of IP and SP systems were 22.10, 22.61 and 21.03 and 21.90, 22.35 and 19.73 kg, respectively, where there was no significant difference except the final live weight (P<0.05). The average daily milk yield, total lactation yield and lactation length for IP and SP systems were 214 ml, 20.47 l and 95.33 days and 162 ml, 13.75 l and 84.66 days, respectively and varied significantly (P<0.01). Average litter size of the IP and SP systems was 2.00 and 2.33, respectively. Average post partum heat period and kid mortality were significantly (P<0.01) lower in IP than SP system. Gross return was found higher in IP than that of SP systems. Thus, it can be recommended from the present study that the growth rate, weaning age, weaning weight, milk production, post partum heat period and kid mortality of Black Bengal goat could be improved through proper feeding and better husbandry system which was reflected from gross return. Keywords: Semi-intensive; Scavenging; Production; Reproduction; Black Bengal goat DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i1.4803 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(1): 79-86, 2009

PREWEANING GROWTH OF YOUNG AND THE WEIGHT OF MAMMARY GLANDS OF MOTHER MICE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body

A complete diallel using three inbred strains of mice (C3H/He, C57BL/6J and SWR/J) was made to examine preweaning growth of young, the weight of mammary glands of mothers and the relationship between them. Litter sizes were standardized to either six or eight at birth.The differences between strain-of-dam, strain-of-sire and litter size groups in average body weight of full sibs at 12 days were not significant. The difference between litter size groups in weight of dried-defatted mammary gland of mothers 12 days after delivery (DDMW) was significant. When average birth weight was fixed, the partial correlation between DDMW and 12-day weight, calculated within litter size and mating class, was +0.54. Heterosis in average birth weight and 12-day weight was observed. Relationships between preweaning growth criteria are discussed.

scholarly journals The birth weight of rabbits born after heterospermic insemination

1960 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Beatty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Prenatal Growth ◽  
Mature Weight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Object Of Study

1. Two rabbit sires were used for insemination of sixty-eight females. Insemination was either homospermic (one sire at a time) or heterospermic (mixed semen from the two sires). Each offspring could be traced to its sire by genetic marks. The sires differed in weight and were known to give offspring differing in mature weight and named Large and Small offspring. The object of study was the birth weight of these offspring in logarithmic transformation.2. After heterospermic insemination, there was no evidence of any real ‘heterospermic vigour’ in the average birth weight of the litter as a whole.3. After heterospermic insemination, the difference in birth weight between the two kinds of offspring was accentuated (enhancement effect). This confirms a previous experiment.4. The enhancement effect is ascribed to competition among embryos. It is not attributable to postulated changes in the gestation period. It appears to arise from an increase in the birth weight of Large offspring, together with a possible decrease in the birth weight of Small offspring. These changes in birth weight are attributable to changes in prenatal growth rate.5. The bearing of this work on Russian experiments with heterospermie insemination is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of genetic and environmental factors on the phenotype characteristics of lambs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Petrovic ◽  
Caro Petrovic ◽  
D. Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
N. Maksimovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Package Program ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of environmental factors affecting body weight variability of lambs in two crossbreed groups: Pirot x W?rttemberg and Sjenica x W?rttemberg. Both populations were managed under the same farm conditions. The data were analyzed to determine the effect of age of the dam, weight of dam, birth type, sex, year and season, on the birth weight and weaning weight of crossbreed lambs. Statistical analysis was performed by GLM procedure using the SPSS statistical package program. The average birth weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 3.56 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs was slightly higher at 3.69 kg. The difference on birth weight between the two crosses was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average weaning weight of Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs was 23.54 kg while Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs had higher weight at 24.37 kg. The difference of 0.83 kg on weaning weight was statistically significant (P <0.05). Body weight, depending on the environmental factors, ranged from 3.17 to 3.96 kg at birth and from 22.12 to 24.18 kg at weaning in Pirot x W?rttemberg lambs. Body weight of Sjenica x W?rttemberg lambs ranged from 3.39 to 3.99 kg at birth and from 22.69 to 25.44 kg at weaning. Statistical analysis showed that the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01).

scholarly journals Pre-Weaning Growth Performance of Piglets at Smallholder Farms in Gauteng Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Matshidiso B. Matabane ◽  
Khathutshelo A. Nephawe ◽  
Ronald S. Thomas ◽  
Ayanda Maqhashu ◽  
Fhulufhelo V. Ramukhithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Recorded Data

The objective of the study was to determine pre-weaning performance of piglets born following artificial insemination (AI) at smallholder farms of Gauteng province. Data from 496 piglets originating from 73 multiparous crossbred sows were used in the study. Litter size, number of piglets born alive, number of piglets weaned, birth and weaning weights were recorded. Data was analysed using the Proc Univariate procedure of SAS. The average litter size was 11.8. The average birth weight and weaning weights were 1.9 and 6.2 kg, respectively. No significant differences were found between male and female piglets for all the growth performance characteristics. Piglets born during winter had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) birth and weaning weight as compared to autumn and summer months. Season had a significant effect on birth and weaning weight (P < 0.01). However, sex of piglets had no significant effect on all the characteristics recorded (P > 0.05). The interaction between sex and season was only confirmed on the total number of weaned piglets (P < 0.01). A highly significant positive correlation was found between litter size and number of piglets born alive (r = 0.86) and total number of piglets weaned (r = 0.50). A highly significant correlation was found between total number of piglets born alive and total number of piglets weaned (r = 0.55). In conclusion, season of birth had the greatest impact on birth and weaning weight, with the highest birth and weaning weights recorded during winter season. However, sex did not affect the pre-weaning performance of piglets.

scholarly journals Productive and reproductive performance of Saanen goat at AZZahra farm of Sandakan in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAMY Khandoker ◽  
N Afini ◽  
A Azwan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Saanen Goat ◽  
Age At Puberty

An experiment was conducted at AZ-Zahra Farm, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia to investigate the productive and reproductive performance of Saanen dairy goat. Body weight at different ages were collected once while birth weight was collected when does gave birth. On the other hand, milk production of each individual per day was received continuously for three months. The data on reproductive parameters such as length of estrus cycle, duration of estrus period, age at puberty, gestation length, age at first kidding, litter size, birth weight and kid mortality were noted. Descriptive statistics such as number, percentage, mean, standard deviation were performed. T-test was also conducted to know the statistical difference between the groups. Result demonstrated that body weight increases significantly (p<0.01) with the advancement of the age. The highest daily milk yield was found in 2-3 years of age. Dam with multiple kids produced more milk than dam with single kid. Estrus cycle of Saanen goats was found 21 days, the average estrus period duration was 2.75 days, age at puberty was 8.33 months, first kidding age was 14.2 months and gestation period was 150 days on an average. With the increase of the age of dam litter size increased. Meanwhile average birth weight increased as age of dam increased from 2.85 kg in 1 year to 3.26 kg in 3 years. Male kids born heavier than females (3.23±0.62 vs. 2.75±0.58 kg) and single kids were heavier than twin kids (3.07±0.66 kgvs2.70±0.28 kg). Low mortality rate of kids was recorded in this study (6.4%). It can be concluded that the overall productive and reproductive performances of Saanen goat at AZ-Zahra farm were within the acceptable level and the variation recorded in different parameters is very much usual. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2018. 47 (1): 1-12

The effect of litter size and littermate weight on pre-weaning performance of low-birth-weight piglets that have been cross-fostered

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. H. English ◽  
G. Bilkeit
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of litter size and littermate weight on low-birth-weight (< 1 kg) piglets that have been cross-fostered, piglets' pre-weaning performance in the following groups were compared. Group A (no. = 10), low-birth-weight piglets raised with equal number of heavy-birth-weight piglets in small (eight piglets) litters; group B (no. = 10), low-birth-weight piglets raised with equal number of heavy-birth-weight piglets in large (12 piglets) litters; group C (no. = 10), low-birth-weight piglets raised with equal number of average-birth-weight piglets in small (eight piglets) litters; D (no. = 10), low-birth-weight piglets raised with equal number of average-birth-weight piglets in large (12 piglets) litters; E (no. = 10), small (eight piglets) low-birth-weight litters; F (no. = 10), large (12 piglets) low-birth-weight litters.Mortality of low-birth-weight piglets in large litters was greater (P < 0.001) with heavy littermates, but in small litters was no different. Weight gain of piglets until day 3 post partum was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by littermate weight and litter size, or their interaction. Weight at 21 days post partum was significantly affected by littermate weight, litter size, and their interaction. Low-birth-weight piglets in small litters had significantly higher 21-day weights in large litters (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.05 with littermates of low, average and heavy birth weight respectively). In large but not small litters, low-birth-weight piglets missed more nursing episodes and spent more time in teat disputes than their heavier littermates whether in heavy-birth-weight (P < 0.01), or average-birth-weight (P < 0.05) litters.Littermate weight may affect the performance of low-birth-weight piglets due to direct competition for access to a functional teat.

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN FIBROCYSTIC DISEASE OF THE PANCREAS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-784
Author(s):  
Paul H. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Fibrocystic Disease ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Control Female ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The mean birth weights of 75 white females and 98 white males with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas were compared with the mean birth weights of control female and male infants. For each sex the mean birth weight of patients with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas was significantly lower than the mean for the control population. The proportion of male and female infants whose birth weights were above 3000 gm., in the control population and in the group of patients with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas, was calculated. The percentage for patients with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas was much less than the one for control infants. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant. The analysis of these figures favors the hypothesis that in fibrocystic disease of the pancreas there is a fetal or maternal metabolic disturbance of undetermined nature that apparently interferes with the normal growth of the fetus. The mean birth weight of unaffected infants born to women who had followed a special pregnancy diet after having had a previous pregnancy resulting in a child with cystic fibrosis, was higher than the average birth weight for control newborns. The difference was of no statistical significance. The mean birth weight for infants with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas whose mothers followed a special pregnancy diet was higher than the calculated mean birth weight for patients with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas whose mothers received no comparable dietary advice during pregnancy. The difference was not significant. The known effect of a high protein intake during pregnancy, in enhancing the infant's birth weight, appears to apply even when the infant proves to have fibrocystic disease of the pancreas. There is no clear explanation for the tendency to low birth weights in infants with fibrocystic disease of the pancreas. It seems logical to suggest that maternal or fetal metabolic factors may be responsible. The fact that the birth weight and perhaps the incidence of the disease may be modified by a liberal diet during pregnancy is a point that deserves further study.

scholarly journals AKUPRESUR TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM

1930 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Djanah ◽  
Wafi Nur Muslihatun
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Difference

Background: Breast feeding is one important pillars for babies because breast milk is the best nutrition for newborn up to 6 months old. Riskesdas data in 2013 showed that only 34.5% baby in Indonesia who are breastfeed exclusively, the meaning that there are stil about 2/3 of babies in Indonesia who less likely to get breast milk. The lack of production of breast milk is one of the obstacles in breast feeding exclusively. Acupressure is one of the non-pharmacologicalapproach, to improve the production of breast milk. Purpose: To describes the effect of acupressure to improve the production of breast milk with the indicators were baby weigh and the frequency of urinary. Methods: The design used was quasy experiment with pre and post test design. Total sample is 30. The sampling techniques with accidental sampling. Data was analyzed with Friedman test and followed by Willcoxon test. The independent variable waspostpartum mother and dependent variablle was the production of milk with the indicators were baby weight and the frequency of urinary. Instrument was using questionaire and observation sheet Results: The average birth weight was 3195 gram and the average of urinary was 6 times on the first day of newborn. Both indicators above was increased during the 2 and 4 weeks of born. The result of bivariat analysis showed there are the difference of weight with p value: 0,001 and the difference of frequency of urinary with p value: 0,001. Summary: That accupresure affects on breats milk production with the indicator of the baby wight and frequency of urinary.

Motivasi dan kepuasan kerja pegawai puskesmas BLUD dan non-BLUD Kabupaten Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Aswindar Adhi Gumilang ◽  
Tri Pitara Mahanggoro ◽  
Qurrotul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Demand For Health ◽  
Public Demand

The public demand for health service professionalism and transparent financial management made some Puskesmas in Semarang regency changed the status of public health center to BLUD. The implementation of Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD requires resources that it can work well in order to meet the expectations of the community. The aim of this study is to know the difference of work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD. Method of this research is a comparative descriptive with a quantitative approach. The object of this research are work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD Semarang regency. This Research showed that Sig value. (P-value) work motivation variable was 0.019 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of work motivation of employees in Puskemas BLUD and non-BLUD. Sig value (P-value) variable of job satisfaction was 0.020 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of job satisfaction of BLUD and non-BLUD. The average of non-BLUD employees motivation were 76.59 smaller than the average of BLUD employees were 78.25. The average of job satisfaction of BLUD employees were 129.20 bigger than the average of non-BLUD employee were 124.26. Job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD was higher than non-BLUD employees.

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