scholarly journals FNAC of Lymph Node - A Valuable Clue to Diagnosis of Toxoplasma Lymphadenitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Wasim Selimul Haque ◽  
Shamoli Yasmin ◽  
SK Md Jaynul Islam ◽  
Ishtyaq Ahmed ◽  
Sowkat Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Hyperplasia

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is now a days the initial investigation in most cases of superficial lymphadenopathy. In clinical practice both clinicians and cytopathologists are not commonly suspecting of Toxoplasma lymphadenitis (TL), though it may constitute a significant proportion of unexplained lymphadenitis. Careful cognizance of cytological findings can give valuable clue to the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis which can be confirmed by serological evidence.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Histopathology of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Bangladesh from 01 July 2017 to 31 March 2018. FNAC smears of the patients with lymphadenopathy who reported for FNAC were examined and suspicion of toxoplasmosis was made on coexistence of abundance of ‘tingible body macrophages’ (TBM) and follicular center cells (FCC), small collections of epithelioid histiocytes and absence of necrosis and/or more than occasional giant cells. Serum enzyme linked immunosorbent sorbent assay (ELISA) for Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibody was then performed in all cases that deemed suspicious for toxoplasmosis for confirmation of the diagnosis.Results: Total 925 patients were examined by FNAC of lymph node. Among them 574 were categorized as reactive hyperplasia (RH). Thirty two patients (5.74%) of RH were suspected as TL and included in the study. Serum ELISA confirmed toxoplasmosis in 22 (68.75%, twelve male and ten female) of these 32 cases. One among the positive cases revealed bradyzoites of Toxoplasma in the smear. The age of the patients diagnosed finally as TL spanned between 5 to 47 years (mean 28.59±11.51 years) though most frequent age group was 26 Yr to 35 Yr (7 cases- 31.8%).Conclusion: A high index of suspicion of TL can be made on careful study of smears of FNAC of enlarged lymph node, diagnosis of which can then be confirmed by ELISA.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(2): 103-107

scholarly journals CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN FNAC SMEAR , ZN STAINED SMEAR & HIV STATUS IN CLINICALLY SUSPECTED CASES OF LYMPH NODE TUBERCULOSIS IN URBAN EASTERN INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Susmita Nag ◽  
Abantika Konar ◽  
Sumitra Basuthakur
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Caseation Necrosis

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is the commonest form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple outpatient diagnostic procedure used in the diagnosis of TBL and all stages of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection are associated with increased risk of tuberculosis (TB). AIM & OBJECTIVE: To correlate different cytomorphologies of FNAC smears and presence or absence of Acid fast bacilli (AFB) in the Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) stained smear prepared from the same aspirate. Association of HIV infection are also to be evaluated. METHOD: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at department of pathology in collaboration with department of pulmonary medicine, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata from January 2015 to June 2016.It included 305 cases with enlarged palpable lymph nodes. FNAC done; aspirated smears were stained with papanicolaou, Leishman-Giemsa and ZN stains. HIV status were also noted. RESULTS: 251 aspirates were reported on cytomorphology as suggestive of TBL with 117 (47.01 %) AFB positivity in ZN stained smears. Cervical lymph node were most commonly involved site (86.84 %) and females (63.75%) were affected more than males (36.25%).Most cases of AFB positive smears were associated with caseation necrosis only (71.8 %). 17 (6.77 %) out of 251 cases were co infected with HIV. CONCLUSION: Special stains should be done in all suspected cases of TB lymphadenitis and most common cytomorphology associated with AFB positivity is caseation necrosis without granuloma. Also it can be concluded that TB/HIV co infection is not predominant in India.

scholarly journals Cervical lymphadenopathy- a clinicopathological study of 50 cases in a tertiary level Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Md Zakir Hossain ◽  
Md Rafiquzzaman ◽  
Md Delwar Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Ali Azad ◽  
Md Sirajul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metastatic Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tubercular Lymphadenitis ◽  
Reactive Hyperplasia

Introduction: Cervical lymphadenopathy is common in Bangladesh and may present as diagnostic problem to the head neck surgeons. Diseases affecting cervical lymph nodes are of varying severity starting from simple curable infection to difficult incurable malignant disease. Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe the various clinical presentations of cervical lymphadenopathy and correlate histopathological findings with the clinical diagnosis. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted during the period of 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2013 in CMH, Dhaka on 50 patients irrespective of age and sex presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy persisting for >2 weeks. Result: In this series, tissue diagnosis by biopsy found tuberculosis (TB) 38% cases, metastatic carcinoma in 26%, non-specific reactive hyperplasia in 22% and lymphoma in 14% cases. Sixty eight percent cases were below 40 years of age. Male to female ratio in this series was 2.12: 1. Conclusion: Twenty Four (48%) cases were diagnosed clinically as tubercular lymphadenitis, 12(24%) as metastatic carcinoma, 09(18%) non-specific reactive hyperplasia and 05(10%) cases were of lymphoma which were nearly similar to histopathological diagnosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22925 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(1) 2014

scholarly journals The utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Lymphadenopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 472-480
Author(s):  
Dr. Annu Elizabeth Prakash ◽  
◽  
Dr. Navya Narayanano ◽  
Dr. Siyad Pokkakillath Mohamed ◽  
Dr. Rasmi Unnikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Introduction: The causes of lymphadenopathy may be varied ranging from reactive to neoplastic.Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology(FNAC) is a simple and inexpensive diagnostic tool to sample cellsfrom superficial and accessible sites. Aims: This study was undertaken to assess the utility of FNACin evaluating lymphadenopathy and to study the cytomorphological spectrum of lymph node lesionsin our region. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study of two years duration, on patients withlymphadenopathy who came to the Pathology Department for FNAC. Methods and materials:Cytology findings of Lymph node lesions were classified into four categories and were compared withhistopathology diagnosis as the gold standard. Statistical Analysis: Data was tabulated accordingto various parameters. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and Diagnostic accuracy for detectingmalignancy were calculated. Results: The age range of patients included in the present studyranged from 9 to – 78 years. The mean age is 48.92 years and the median is 52 years. Thecytological diagnosis was classified as reactive in 20 cases (32.7%), inflammatory in 16 cases(26.2%), lymphoma in 3 cases (4.9%), and 22 cases (36.1%) were metastasis from other sites.Following histopathology, the cases were diagnosed to be 19 reactive lymphadenopathies, 14inflammatory lesions, 5 lymphomas, and 23 metastasis. The most common site of lymphadenopathywas the cervical region. Conclusions: FNAC has high sensitivity and specificity in differentiatingbenign lesions from malignant ones. The age, clinical findings, and supporting investigations shouldbe taken into account while diagnosing a lesion as benign or malignant.

STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH HODGKIN AND NON - HODGKIN LYMPHOMA

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Mao Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Key Words Lymphoma ◽  
Malignant Grade

Background: Lymphoma is one of the most ten common cancers in the world as well as in Vietnam which has been ever increasing. It was divided into 2 main groups Hodgkin and non – Hodgkin lymphoma in which non-Hodgkin lymphoma appeared more frequency, worse prognosis and different therapy. Objectives: - To describe some common characteristics in patients with non – Hodgkin lymphoma; - To determine the proportion between Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma, histopathological classification of classical Hodgkin by modified Rye 1966 and non-Hodgkin lymphoma by Working Formulation (WF) of US national oncology institute 1982. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 patients with Hodgkin and non- Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed definitely by histopathology at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University Hospital. Results:. The ratio of male/female for the non-Hodgkin lymphoma was 1.14/1, the most frequent range of age was 51-60 accounting for 35%, not common under 40 years. Non - Hodgkin lymphoma appeared at lymph node was the most common (51.7%), at the extranodal site was rather high 48.3%. The non - Hodgkin lymphoma proportion was predominant 92.3% comparing to the Hodgkin lymphoma only 7.7%; The most WF type was WF7 (53.3%), following the WF6 18,3% and WF5 11,7%; The intermediate malignancy grade of non- Hodgkin lymphoma was the highest proportion accouting for 85%, then the low and the high one 8.3% and 6.7% respectively. Conclusion: The histopathological classification and the malignant grade of lymphoma for Hodgkin and non - Hodgkin lymphoma played a practical role for the prognosis and the treatment orientation, also a fundamental one for the modern classification of non - Hodgkin lymphoma nowadays. Key words: lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, classication, grade, histopathology, lymph node

scholarly journals Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection at the University of Barcelona during the Third COVID-19 Pandemic Wave in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6526
Author(s):  
Sebastián Videla ◽  
Aurema Otero ◽  
Sara Martí ◽  
M. Ángeles Domínguez ◽  
Nuria Fabrellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic started in December 2019 and still is a major global health challenge. Lockdown measures and social distancing sparked a global shift towards online learning, which deeply impacted universities’ daily life, and the University of Barcelona (UB) was not an exception. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic at the UB. To that end, we performed a cross-sectional study on a sample of 2784 UB members (n = 52,529). Participants answered a brief, ad hoc, online epidemiological questionnaire and provided a nasal swab for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 analysis and a venous blood sample for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody assay. Total prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive RT-PCR or positive IgG) was 14.9% (95%CI 13.3 to 17.0%). Forty-four participants (1.6%, 95%CI: 1.2–2.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. IgG against SARS-CoV-2 was observed in 12.8% (95%CI: 11.6–14.1%) of participants. Overall, while waiting for population vaccination and/or increased herd immunity, we should concentrate on identifying and isolating new cases and their contacts.

scholarly journals Identification of Ocular and Auditory Manifestations of Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Mbingo

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Jivraj ◽  
Chris J. Rudnisky ◽  
Emmanuel Tambe ◽  
Graham Tipple ◽  
Matthew T. S. Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Glaucoma ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Congenital Rubella

Purpose. Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a global cause of preventable hearing impairment, blindness, and intellectual impairment. The present study sought to identify ocular and auditory manifestations of CRS in school-aged children in Mbingo, Cameroon.Design. Cross sectional study.Subjects. Students at two schools, one for children with hearing impairment, were screened for cataract, congenital glaucoma, and pigmentary retinopathy.Methods. Students underwent seven-field digital fundus photography through a dilated pupil using a Topcon NW200 nonmydriatic camera. Images were assessed by retina specialists in Canada via teleophthalmology. Clinical evidence was integrated to form case definitions for CRS based on Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Serological evidence of rubella infection was obtained using standardized IgG antibody titers.Main Outcome Measure. Number of probable and suspicious cases of CRS.Results. Between September 2009 and May 2010, 320 students participated. There were 28 (10.2%) probable cases, 104 (37.8%) suspects, and 143 (52.0%) unaffected. Rubella IgG serology was positive in 79 (48.7%) of children with hearing impairment and 11 (7.4%) of children with normal hearing.Conclusions. The present study identified 28 probable cases of CRS. Furthermore, 92.6% of students with normal hearing did not possess rubella IgG antibodies making future cases of CRS likely without intervention.

A retrospective analysis of congenital anomalies in congenital hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1147-1153
Author(s):  
Fatima Ali Mazahir ◽  
Manal Mustafa Khadora
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated the spectrum of diseases accompanying congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in the United Arab Emirates and compared them with internationally studied patterns.MethodsThe presented retrospective cross-sectional study took place in two government tertiary care centres. In total, 204 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CH and a minimum period of follow-up of 1 year were included. Patients with Down syndrome, infants born at <35 weeks of gestation, and babies with TORCH (Toxoplasma gondii, Other viruses [HIV, measles, etc.], Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex) infections were subsequently excluded from the study.ResultsOf the subjects with CH, 39% had associated extrathyroidal anomalies (ETAs); among these, 25% had a single anomaly. A significant proportion of Arab males were affected by CH as compared to other ethnic groups. Dyshormonogenesis was the commonest aetiological cause (55%) of CH. Males with an ectopic lingual thyroid gland had significant ETAs as compared to females of the same cohort. The most common ETAs were congenital heart disease (16%), followed by urogenital tract anomalies (14%).ConclusionsDetection of a high rate and variability of ETAs associated with CH necessitates the formulation of a structured screening programme including appropriate clinical, laboratory, and imaging tools to detect ETAs at an earlier stage.

Predictors of Psychiatric Morbidity in Cancer Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Harrison ◽  
Peter Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Patients Experience

BackgroundA significant proportion of cancer patients experience psychiatric morbidity in association with diagnosis and treatment. If this morbidity is to be reduced, a better understanding is needed of the factors which influence adjustment to cancer.MethodA review of the literature was carried out to explore those factors associated with poor psychological adjustment to cancer. These are described under four headings: characteristics of the patient; disease and treatment variables; the interaction between patient and illness; and environmental factors.ResultsA number of risk factors for psychiatric morbidity can be identified from each of the four areas. Methodological limitations are highlighted, in particular the preponderance of cross-sectional study designs.ConclusionsIncreased awareness of the risk factors for psychiatric morbidity should lead to earlier detection and more appropriate treatment. Future research should focus on those risk factors which are potentially modifiable.

Distress and impaired functioning, coping mechanisms and barriers to access mental health services among Syrian refugees and Jordanian adults after eight years of Syrian crisis: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Ahmad Bawaneh ◽  
Zaid Al-Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barriers To Access

BACKGROUND The Syrian conflict started in 2011 and resulted ever since in a large displacement of Syrians. Conflict-related violence coupled with displacement related stressors such as poverty, poor access to health services, loss of family support and discrimination had a significant impact on the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of Syrian refugee OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the perceived symptoms of severe distress and impaired functioning, identify coping mechanisms and identify the barriers to access mental health services among Syrian refugees and Jordanian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study study took place in 14 randomly selected sites in Jordan where Syrian refugees are concentered and from Za’tari refugee camp. A toolkit for humanitarian settings was used for data collection. RESULTS Of the 1424 participants, 43.4% had distress; 38.9% among host population, 57.0% among refugees in urban communities, and 23.0% among refugees in camp (p <0.005). Overall, finding comfort in faith and spiritual beliefs was the most common coping mechanism reported by those who perceived to be experiencing distress. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of Syrian refugees had distress symptoms. It is recommended to incorporate mental health services into broad-based community settings, such as schools, primary prevention or case management programs.

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