scholarly journals Abdominal Obesity is a Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Touhidur Rahman ◽  
Md. Hassanuzzaman ◽  
Muhitul Islam ◽  
Sam Masihuzzaman ◽  
Mahbubulalam Khondoker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Increase Waist Circumference ◽  
Strength Of Association ◽  
Age And Sex

We carried out case control study aimed to evaluate abdominal obesity as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Though it became established as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, still its association with stroke is less clear. We have taken ninety cases with ischemic stroke and compare waist to hip ratio & waist circumference with same numbers of age and sex matched stroke free people as controls. There are standard markers of abdominal obesity & their cut-off values and ways of measurement were taken from International Diabetic Federation. Both increase waist to hip ratio (63.3% in cases & 26.7% in controls) and increase waist circumference (66.7% in cases & 25.6% in controls) were significant (P<.05) and showed marked strength of association (odds ratio >1) in ischemic stroke patients. After adjusting the significant risk factors in all age and sex matched cases and controls by conditional logistic regression analysis, WHR and WC still showed significant strength of association with ischemic stroke in all groups. The increase abdominal obesity markers were found to have greater association in both female and male cases in relation to their control counterparts. So, in the light of current study we may suggest that abdominal obesity defined as increase waist circumference and waist to hip ratio attribute considerably to the estimate of ischemic stroke events. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2011; Vol. 27 (2) : 69-73 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v27i2.17545

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus chronic infection as a risk factor for stroke: a prospective study

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Viktorija Ķēniņa ◽  
Pauls Auce ◽  
Zanda Priede ◽  
Inese Irbe ◽  
Lana Vainšteina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
A Prospective Study

Cytomegalovirus chronic infection as a risk factor for stroke: a prospective study Stroke is the second most common cause of death in the world and a major cause of long-term disability. Chronic infection is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke and related forms of atherosclerotic vascular disease. The aim of our study was to compare the plasma Cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin G antibody level in a patient and control group, and to determine the association of CMV chronic infection with ischemic stroke, and with stroke subtype. The present study does not present a cogent demonstration that cytomegalovirus chronic infection is a risk factor of stroke. Further studies are necessary to clarify the effective prophylactic measures to determine other significant risk factors for stroke.

scholarly journals Features of childhood growth, lifestyle and environment associated with a cardiometabolic risk score in young adults

Obesity Facts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staffan Mårild ◽  
Agneta Sjöberg ◽  
Kerstin Albertsson-Wikland ◽  
John E. Chaplin ◽  
Lauren Lissner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction: In young adults, the metabolic syndrome is rare. To better assess the risks for future cardiovascular disease, a cardiometabolic score can be used, ranking the disease risk in each subject. The score is a continuous variable summarising the individual z-scores for waist circumference, blood pressure, blood levels of glucose, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. Our main aim was to assess the association between early childhood growth and the cardiometabolic score in young adults. Methods: Study participants were recruited among subjects in the longitudinal population-based GrowUp 1990 Gothenburg study. Those with information on weight and length at birth, as well as weight, height, waist circumference, and parental BMI at ten years of age were invited to participate in a health survey at 18-20 years of age. 513 young adults (female 51%) were included. Multivariable linear stepwise regression analysis was applied. Results: The mean (SD) BMI was 22.2 (3.26) in males and 21.3 (2.69) kg/m² in females; the cardiometabolic score was 0.24 (3.12) and -0.22 (3.18), respectively. A statistically significantly higher score (p<0.001) was seen in individuals with metabolic syndrome, as defined by IDF. After controlling for adult lifestyle features, BMI z-score at ten years of age was significant risk factor in both sexes for an elevated cardiometabolic score in early adulthood, mean(SE) beta 0.47(0.19), p=0.014 in males, 0.82(017) p<0.0001 in females. In males, high maternal BMI and low age at adiposity rebound and in females high birth weight were also associated with a statistically significant risk. Additionally, contraceptive use in females was a risk factor for elevated cardiometabolic score and, in males a high lifestyle related index score showed a protective association with the cardiometabolic score. Conclusion: A high BMI z-score at ten years of age is a risk factor for the cardiometabolic state in young adults, an outcome points to the preventive potential of monitoring BMI in ten-year-old schoolchildren. This finding must however be validated in a new large cohort. Moreover, in young adults in whom metabolic syndrome is rare, a cardiometabolic score seems to be a promising approach and potentially a more powerful tool to detect risks for cardiovascular disease later in life, than using metabolic syndrome categorisation.

Abstract P130: Association Between PFOA, PFOS and Obesity Among Children in a Nationally Representative Sample

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D Geiger ◽  
Ping Yao ◽  
Elizabeth Rogers ◽  
Michael Vaughn ◽  
Zhengmin Qian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Cross Sectional

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are two types of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) commonly used in the manufacturing process of many consumer products. Both have been detected in the blood of the majority of Americans. PFASs have been shown to be associated with intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes such as hypertension, hyperuricemia and dyslipidemia, but their relationship with obesity, a risk factor for intermediate and advanced CVD, remains largely unexplored. In this context, we examined the associations between PFOA and PFOS levels, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a representative sample (N = 5,180) of US children. Our cross-sectional sample included participants aged 12-19 years from CDC’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000, 2003-2012. PFOA and PFOS were measured in ng/mL and modeled as quartiles of exposure, where quartile 1 is the referent group across models. Overweight/obesity was defined as age-, sex-specific BMI ≥85 th percentile; abdominal obesity was defined as age-, sex-specific waist circumference ≥90 th percentile. A multivariable model adjusting for age (years), sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Mexican American, other), and annual household income category (<$25,000, $25,500-$54,999, $55,000 and over), revealed an inverse association between PFOS and overweight/obesity. Odds ratios (ORs) for overweight/obesity were 0.81 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.14-0.58) for exposure quartile 2, 0.28 (0.11-0.58) for quartile 3, and 0.26 (0.15-1.05) for quartile 4 (p-trend=0.001). Results were similar for abdominal obesity where, for example, children in quartile 2 of PFOS exposure experienced a multivariable-adjusted OR of 0.42 (0.25-0.72; p-trend=0.023). PFOA was not found to be significantly associated with either outcome. Results are paradoxical in that PFASs may be protective against a risk factor for conditions with which PFASs are positively associated. Because we could not identify any temporal relationships between exposure and outcomes in this cross-sectional study, more studies with improved study design (such as a cohort study) are warranted to confirm the association.

scholarly journals TOAST Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke and Its Risk Factors: A Hospital-Based Study at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Harris ◽  
Saleha Sungkar ◽  
Al Rasyid ◽  
Mohammad Kurniawan ◽  
Taufik Mesiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stroke Risk Factor ◽  
Stroke Subtypes ◽  
Undetermined Etiology ◽  
Toast Classification

Background and Purpose. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, with ischemic stroke as the highest prevalent cases in Indonesia. Ischemic stroke can be classified further into five subtypes according to TOAST classification. Numerous studies have revealed that stroke risk factor has variable correlation with different stroke subtype. Currently, there is no data regarding this phenomenon in Indonesia. The aim of study is to identify characteristic of ischemic stroke subtypes and the risk factors in TOAST classification. Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January till December 2016. Demographic data, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors, and other relevant data were documented. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS 23. Results. 235 recorded data patients were included. Large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) was the most prevalent stroke subtypes at 59,6%, followed with small vessel disease (SVD) at 26,7%, undetermined etiology at 9,8%, cardioembolism (CE) at 2,1%, and other determined etiology at 0,9%. Hypertension was the most common vascular risk factor. However, it was only significant in SVD (p=0,023) and undetermined etiology subtypes (p<0,001). Significant risk factor in LAA was diabetes (55%; p=0,016) while in CE subtypes was atrial fibrillation (60%;p<0,001). In multivariate analyses, hypertension (OR 3; 95% CI 1,12-8,05) was the only variable that was related to SVD while in CE it was atrial fibrillation (OR 113,5; 95% CI 13,6-946,5). Conclusion. LAA was the most common stroke ischemic subtypes. Associated risk factor in LAA was diabetes while in SVD and undetermined etiology subtypes it was hypertension. Atrial fibrillation was associated with cardioembolism.

scholarly journals Waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio reference percentiles for abdominal obesity among Greek adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Bacopoulou ◽  
Vasiliki Efthymiou ◽  
Georgios Landis ◽  
Anastasios Rentoumis ◽  
George P Chrousos
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

scholarly journals Epigenome-wide association study detects a novel loci associated with central obesity in healthy subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xie ◽  
Vesna Gorenjak ◽  
Maria G. Stathopoulou ◽  
Sébastien Dadé ◽  
Eirini Marouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Novel Association

Abstract Background and aims Central obesity is a condition that poses a significant risk to global health and requires the employment of novel scientific methods for exploration. The objective of this study is to use DNA methylation analysis to detect DNA methylation loci linked to obesity phenotypes, i.e. waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI. Methods and results Two-hundred and ten healthy European participants from the STANISLAS Family Study (SFS), comprising 73 nuclear families, were comprehensively assessed for methylation status using Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. An epigenome-wide association study was performed, which identified a CpG site cg16170243 located on chromosome 18q21.2 significantly associated with waist circumference, after adjusting for BMI (β = 2.32, SE = 0.41, Padj = 0.048). Cg16170243 corresponds to a 50 bp-length human methylation oligoprobe located within the AC090241.2 gene that overlaps ST8SIA5 gene. No significant association was observed with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (Padj > 0.05). Conclusions A novel association between DNA methylation and WC was identified, which is demonstrating that epigenetic mechanisms may have a significant impact on waist circumference ratio in healthy individuals. Further studies are warranted to address the causal effects of this association.

scholarly journals Does the second ischemic stroke herald a higher proportional risk for cognitive and physical impairment than the first-ever one?

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ezzat Elwan ◽  
Aktham Ismail Al-emam ◽  
Ahmed Nabil Munir ◽  
Mostafa Saleh Melake
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Physical Competence ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neuro Imaging

Abstract Background Post-stroke cognitive and physical disabilities are common sequelae; however, it seems that the second ischemic stroke carries a higher proportional risk more than expected. In this study, we aimed to study second stroke sequelae over first-ever one with regard to cognition and physical competence. This study was conducted on two groups; the first composed of 40 patients with acute first lifetime ischemic stroke, and the second group composed of 40 acute second lifetime ischemic stroke. The study was done at menoufiya university hospitals from August 2017 to August 2018. Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and MINI-Cog Score, were performed at onset, 2 weeks and 3 months later. In addition, routine lab and neuro-imaging were also done. Results Size of infarction is larger in 2nd group (p < 0.001), MRS, and NIHSS are significantly higher in 2nd group. Also, there are significant differences between baseline, 2 weeks, and 3 months follow-up in MRS and NIHSS. Mini-Cog scale showed significant difference between the two groups in favor of better cognition in the 1st group. Atrial fibrillation (AF), p = 0.012 was a significant risk factor in the 1st group while smoking, p = 0.017 was the significant risk factor in the 2nd group. Large size stroke was found as independent risk factor in the 2nd group (p < 0.001). Conclusions There are significant cognitive and physical disabilities in the second recurrent ischemic stroke as compared to the first-ever one, and the second stroke tend to be more dangerous and carry more disability.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Elevated Serum Uric Acid and Risk of Stroke in Adult: An Updated and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianci Qiao ◽  
Hongyun Wu ◽  
Wei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Uric acid (UA) is proposed as a potential risk factor for stroke in adult, yet the results from published studies are not generally accordant.Method: We included prospective studies that explored the relationship between serum UA (SUA) and strokes. In this study, strokes include ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, which consists of intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The effect-size estimates were expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the pooled estimation and potential sources of heterogeneity between studies.Results: We meta-analyzed 19 prospective cohort articles, which involve 37,386 males and 31,163 females. Overall analyses results showed a significant association between a 1 mg/dl increase in high levels of SUA and the risk of total stroke (HR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.09–1.18; P &lt; 0.001), ischemic stroke (HR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.10–1.21; P &lt; 0.001), and hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.15; P = 0.046). No significant difference was found between ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. In the subgroup analyses, the association of high SUA levels and the risk of total stroke was statistically significant in females (HR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.12–1.26; P &lt; 0.001) and males (HR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05–1.17; P &lt; 0.001). Coincidentally, the association was also statistically significant for ischemic stroke, both in females (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17–1.36; P &lt; 0.001) and in males (HR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.19; P &lt; 0.001). However, for hemorrhagic stroke, it was only statistically significant in females (HR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04–1.35; P = 0.01). Our dose–response research indicated the J-shaped trend between the ascending SUA levels and the higher risk of suffering from a stroke.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that elevated SUA is a significant risk factor for adult stroke, both for ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, and especially in females.

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