scholarly journals Epilepsy Patients in Bangladesh - The Experience of a Referral Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Hasan Zahidur Rahman ◽  
Anis Ahmed ◽  
Md Ruhul Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

Purpose: To analyze the socio-demographic and electro-clinical data of Epilepsy patients presenting in the ‘Epilepsy Clinic’ of a referral hospital. Method: Epilepsy patients came to this weekly clinic after referral from this hospital OPD, other hospitals and from private practitioners. All the patients were enrolled from November, 2012 to December, 2015. Then clinical diagnosis was established by the chief investigator. Routine EEG was done. MRI was advised in appropriate cases. Finally the clinical findings and investigation reports were correlated. Results: Among 331 patients, 63% were male and 37% were female. 86% patients were in the younger age group (0- 29years). 75% patients were suffering from various forms of LRE, 19% from Generalized Epilepsy Syndrome, 2.7% were unclassified and 2.7% had pseudo-seizure. Total 224 EEG could be done. Among them 118 (52.7%) had different types of abnormalities. Among total 158 MRI, 120 (76%) were abnormal. 6.3% patients could not go to school, 3.3% left study and 12.7% patients remain unemployed due to the disease burden. Conclusion: This is a hospital based study. In this study LRE comprises 75% of total patients which is relatively higher than other reports. Males were predominating and younger people were affected more with epilepsy. Due to this disease various social problems were occurring regarding study and employment. This result demands community based larger study in our country. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2015; Vol. 31 (2): 83-93

scholarly journals Study of Epilepsy and its Correlation with Neuroimaging and Drug Therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Bela Shah ◽  
Dhara Gosai ◽  
Sonu Akhani ◽  
Mehul Jadav ◽  
Nirav Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Background: Thousands of people in the world suffer from epilepsy. Inspite of modern advances, it can be controlled in only 80% of treated once. Diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy is still challenged. The present study is attempted to highlight the importance of clinical findings and role of EEG and CT scan and MRI in diagnosis of epilepsy2.Aim:To study the incidence and epidemiological profile, various types of epilepsy and correlation with MRI, CT SCAN, EEG and the effectiveness of various Anti epilepticdrugs in different types of epilepsy. Settings and Design: This is a prospective study carried out at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.Methods:All the patients having 2 and/or more unprovoked seizures and already enrolled patients in epilepsy clinic in 1 year duration from January 1,2020 to December 31,2020 were included.Results &Conclusions:Out of 6930 total admissions, 163 patients with epilepsy were enrolled in this study from age group of 1 month to 12 years. Out of 163 patients, 97 were male and 66 were female. Most common age group affected is of 1-5 years. 128 patients (78.62%) were of generalized epilepsy and 35 patients were of partial epilepsy. Most common precipitating factor in epilepsy is inadequate drug dosages (45%). 45 patients (22.7%) have developmental delay. Abnormal EEG findings were present in 123 patients (75.46%). Abnormal MRI findings were present in 37 patients (22.7%). CT scan was done in 56 patients, 20 were abnormal. 107 patients were on monotherapy and 56 patients were on polytherapy. Valproate is most commonly used drug (76.6%).

scholarly journals Hearing impairment in rural area of Himalaya: prevalence and etiology

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Trilok C. Guleria ◽  
Shobha Mohindroo ◽  
Ramesh K. Azad ◽  
Narender K. Mohindroo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Loss Maximum ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Hearing impairment is most frequent sensory deficit in human population. The disease burden estimations based on sound epidemiological research provide the foundation for appropriate public policy focus and measures for effective management of disease conditions. Data regarding the magnitude of hearing impairment in our country is limited and the literature search revealed that no such studies have been conducted in this region. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A community based cross sectional observational study was carried out among the 306 individuals in rural area of Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh. Information was obtained by a structured questionnaire, clinical ENT examination and audiological tests after obtaining informed consent.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The study group had 52.6% males and 47.4% females. Maximum 26.5% of individuals were in the age group of 31-45 years. Mean age was 36.56±18.83. The prevalence of hearing impairment was 16.7%. Among individuals with hearing loss, maximum 52.9% were in the age group of ≥60 years. Sensorineural hearing loss was found in 68.6%, maximum 56.9% had mild hearing loss. Among majority of individuals with hearing loss cause was presbyacusis 52.9% followed by infectious ear disease 33.3%.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">In the present study, prevalence of hearing loss was found to be 16.7% and predominantly mild sensorineural or conductive type of hearing loss. An early intervention and quality patient education is necessary for prevention of hearing impairment in majority of cases.</span></p>

scholarly journals Different Types of Epilepsy Based on Clinical and Electroencephalographic (EEG) Findings: Experience at Referral Neuroscience Hospital in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Mohammad Enayet Hussain ◽  
AFM Al Masum Khan ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
Md Ferdous Mian ◽  
Md Bakhtiar Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Interictal Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: A good history and a standard EEG recording help establish most of the epilepsy syndromes.Objective: The objective of this study was to establish different epilepsy syndromes on the basis of history and EEG in the clinically suspected seizure events.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the neurophysiology laboratory of National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2015, which included 2549 patients. EEG was obtained through surface scalp electrodes according to international 10/20 system. Patient and their attendants were interviewed using a semi structured questionnaire. The EEG findings, clinical history and in appropriate cases the neuroimaging, CSF and hematological findings were then correlated.Result: Among the 2549 patients most were children (39.8% less than 10 years old) and young adult (30.63% in 11 to 20 years age group). Male patients outnumbered female (63% and 36 % respectively). The overall sensitivity of EEG in yielding abnormal interictal epileptiform discharges was 42%. About 32% of total 2549 patients were diagnosed as localization-related epilepsy (LRE), 5% idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), 1.41% was Epileptic encephalopathy.Conclusion: In conclusion EEG is helpful in classifying the types of seizure, aids in defining the epilepsy syndrome, predicting the outcome and assists in management of patients.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(1): 3-6

Prevalence and predictors of thyroid cancer among thyroid nodules: a retrospective cohort study of 1,000 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SS Elbalka ◽  
IH Metwally ◽  
M Shetiwy ◽  
S Awny ◽  
O Hamdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Multinodular Goitre ◽  
Nodular Goitre ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Debate

Introduction Thyroid cancer is increasing in incidence globally due either to early detection (overestimation) or true increment. A recent debate concerns multinodular goitre (MNG) or toxic goitres which have classically been considered at a lower risk for cancer. Methods In this study, we enrolled retrospectively all patients with nodular goitre treated at our tertiary hospital and analysed their data with the aim of detecting the rate of cancer among different types of nodular goitre. We also studied predictors of incidental malignancy among thyroidectomies. Results A predilection for solitary thyroid nodules (STNs) was found in women of younger age, with STNs tending to be larger in comparison with MNG in the same age group. However, both types of nodules were at equal risk of harbouring malignancy. Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) and Bethesda scores were the only dependent predictors of malignancy within thyroid nodules. Conclusion The authors recommend management of both STNs and MNG using the same algorithm.

Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Ravinder K Gupta ◽  
Vallabh Dogra ◽  
Himani Badyal
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

Breast carcinoma in young females below the age of 35 years - histopathological and prognostic significance

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
D Ghartimagar ◽  
A Ghosh ◽  
OP Talwar ◽  
R Narasimhan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Carcinoma ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Group Grade

Background: Breast cancers rarely occur in young women but are known to have more aggressive behaviors and poorer outcome. We here compare the significance of breast carcinoma in female below the age of 35 to the age over 35 whose specimens were submitted to Manipal teaching hospital, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: All cases of mastectomy with carcinoma from January 2000 to September 2011 were included in the study. Clinical and histopathological datas of all cases were reviewed and collated. Results: A total of 148 mastectomy specimens were received, among which, 23 cases (16%) were below 35 years; whereas 125 cases (84%) were above 35 years of age. In both groups, Stage II was the commonest stage but stage III was much more common in older group (33% versus 9%) and stage I was more common in younger age group (39% versus 27%). Bloom Richardson grading showed that in the older age group, grade 1 is the commonest grade (50%) while in the younger group; grade 3 is the commonest (39%). Patients were followed for a varying period of 6 months to 5 years. Two cases (2% of followed up cases) in older group and 3 cases (15% of followed up cases) in the younger group showed recurrence. Conclusion: Breast carcinoma in the patients younger than 35 years though presented at an early stage has higher grade tumor and poorer outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i3.6021 JPN 2012; 2(3): 198-202

scholarly journals Even Pacing Is Associated with Faster Finishing Times in Ultramarathon Distance Trail Running—The “Ultra-Trail du Mont Blanc” 2008–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Suter ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Volker Scheer ◽  
Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Linear Model ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Pacing Strategies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trail Running ◽  
One Way Anova

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of investigations analyzing the effects of sex, performance level, and age on pacing in various running disciplines. However, little is known about the impact of those factors on pacing strategies in ultramarathon trail running. This study investigated the effects of age, sex, and performance level on pacing in the UTMB® (Ultra-trail du Mont Blanc) and aimed to verify previous findings obtained in the research on other running disciplines and other ultramarathon races. Data from the UTMB® from 2008 to 2019 for 13,829 race results (12,681 men and 1148 women) were analyzed. A general linear model (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)) was applied to identify a sex, age group, and interaction effect in pace average and pace variation. A univariate model (one-way ANOVA) was used to identify a sex effect for age, pace average, and pace variation for the fastest men and women. In our study, pace average and a steadier pace were positively correlated. Even pacing throughout the UTMB® correlated with faster finishing times. The average pace depended significantly on sex and age group. When considering the top five athletes in each age group, sex and age group also had significant effects on pace variation. The fastest women were older than the fastest men, and the fastest men were faster than the fastest women. Women had a higher pace variation than men. In male competitors, younger age may be advantageous for a successful finish of the UTMB®. Faster male runners seemed to be younger in ultramarathon trail running with large changes in altitude when compared to other distances and terrains.

scholarly journals 229 Sleep-wake behavior, meal timings and digital media duration of Indians during COVID-19 Lockdown

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A91-A92
Author(s):  
Babita Pande ◽  
Meenakshi Sinha ◽  
Ramanjan Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Therapeutic Management ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Delayed Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Lockdown and stay home order has been imposed on people in many countries including India to prevent the community transmission of COVID-19 pandemic. However this social restriction led to disturbed daily routine and lifestyle behaviour that is needed to be attended for proper therapeutic management of overall health during such crisis. The impact of lockdown on the most apparent behavioral changes viz. sleep-wake behaviour, major meal timings, and digital screen duration of Indians were investigated. In addition the effects of gender and age were explored. Methods After seeking permission from Ethical Institution, an online questionnaire based survey was circulated within India in the first week of May, 2020 for which total 1511 male and female (age ≥18 years) subjects participated. The sleep-wake behavior observed were sleep-wake timings, sleep duration, mid sleep time (MST) as function of lockdown, and social (lockdown) jetlag (SJL = MST before lockdown-MST during lockdown). Results The sleep onset-wakeup and meal times were significantly delayed during lockdown, which was more pronounced in younger age group. The sleep duration increased, specifically in young individuals during lockdown. Females showed more delayed sleep onset-waking times and first meal timing with longer sleep duration during lockdown. Increased digital media duration was observed in all age groups, primarily in males. The younger age group and specifically female reported higher SJL and delayed MST. A positive association was obtained between sleep duration & first meal time, and SJL & major meal timings/screen duration, and a significant negative relationship of sleep duration and SJL with age. Conclusion The study shows delayed sleep-wake schedule, meal timings and increased digital media duration among Indians during COVID-19 lockdown compared to before lockdown. Also, gender and age emerged as important mediating factors for this alteration. The pandemic has given opportunity to sleep more and compensate for the sleep. In spite of that, the higher social jetlag in young age group and female showed the compromised sleep and maladaption with societal timing. These findings have applied implications in sleep health during longer social isolation conditions and for proper therapeutic management. Support (if any) No

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence of Periodontitis with Different Indices in Population of District Ghaziabad

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 023-030
Author(s):  
Vimal Kumar ◽  
Pallak Arora ◽  
Manish Khatri ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Sumit Malhotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of periodontal disease with different indices. Methods & materials: The study population consisted of multistage stratified random sample of 1300 subjects from total population of district Ghaziabad. A cross-sectional study was conducted with multi stage stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample population. The subjects were divided into different age groups and the periodontal assessment was made on the basis of CPITN index and ESI Index. Results: The CPITN has shown to estimate incorrect periodontal disease prevalence because of its underestimation of the disease severity. A huge difference was noticed in the prevalence rate of periodontitis when subjects were examined with ESI index. Conclusion Periodontal disease was found to be highly prevalent in the study population and severity of disease increased with age. More number of subjects in younger age group were found to be healthy.

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