scholarly journals Study of Epilepsy and its Correlation with Neuroimaging and Drug Therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Bela Shah ◽  
Dhara Gosai ◽  
Sonu Akhani ◽  
Mehul Jadav ◽  
Nirav Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Background: Thousands of people in the world suffer from epilepsy. Inspite of modern advances, it can be controlled in only 80% of treated once. Diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy is still challenged. The present study is attempted to highlight the importance of clinical findings and role of EEG and CT scan and MRI in diagnosis of epilepsy2.Aim:To study the incidence and epidemiological profile, various types of epilepsy and correlation with MRI, CT SCAN, EEG and the effectiveness of various Anti epilepticdrugs in different types of epilepsy. Settings and Design: This is a prospective study carried out at Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad.Methods:All the patients having 2 and/or more unprovoked seizures and already enrolled patients in epilepsy clinic in 1 year duration from January 1,2020 to December 31,2020 were included.Results &Conclusions:Out of 6930 total admissions, 163 patients with epilepsy were enrolled in this study from age group of 1 month to 12 years. Out of 163 patients, 97 were male and 66 were female. Most common age group affected is of 1-5 years. 128 patients (78.62%) were of generalized epilepsy and 35 patients were of partial epilepsy. Most common precipitating factor in epilepsy is inadequate drug dosages (45%). 45 patients (22.7%) have developmental delay. Abnormal EEG findings were present in 123 patients (75.46%). Abnormal MRI findings were present in 37 patients (22.7%). CT scan was done in 56 patients, 20 were abnormal. 107 patients were on monotherapy and 56 patients were on polytherapy. Valproate is most commonly used drug (76.6%).

scholarly journals Epilepsy Patients in Bangladesh - The Experience of a Referral Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Hasan Zahidur Rahman ◽  
Anis Ahmed ◽  
Md Ruhul Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Epilepsy Syndrome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy

Purpose: To analyze the socio-demographic and electro-clinical data of Epilepsy patients presenting in the ‘Epilepsy Clinic’ of a referral hospital. Method: Epilepsy patients came to this weekly clinic after referral from this hospital OPD, other hospitals and from private practitioners. All the patients were enrolled from November, 2012 to December, 2015. Then clinical diagnosis was established by the chief investigator. Routine EEG was done. MRI was advised in appropriate cases. Finally the clinical findings and investigation reports were correlated. Results: Among 331 patients, 63% were male and 37% were female. 86% patients were in the younger age group (0- 29years). 75% patients were suffering from various forms of LRE, 19% from Generalized Epilepsy Syndrome, 2.7% were unclassified and 2.7% had pseudo-seizure. Total 224 EEG could be done. Among them 118 (52.7%) had different types of abnormalities. Among total 158 MRI, 120 (76%) were abnormal. 6.3% patients could not go to school, 3.3% left study and 12.7% patients remain unemployed due to the disease burden. Conclusion: This is a hospital based study. In this study LRE comprises 75% of total patients which is relatively higher than other reports. Males were predominating and younger people were affected more with epilepsy. Due to this disease various social problems were occurring regarding study and employment. This result demands community based larger study in our country. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2015; Vol. 31 (2): 83-93

scholarly journals A prospective study to evaluate the role of hysterolaparoscopy in infertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3852
Author(s):  
Pooja Subhash Kale ◽  
Sylvia Noronha
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Uterine Septum ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Infertile Patients

Background: Infertility is one of the most important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of hysterolaparoscopy in infertility.Methods: It was observational prospective study. In this study, 50 patients in the age group of 20-40 years who are anxious to conceive formed the study group. All women were subjected to a detailed history taking followed by clinical examination.Results: Out of 50 cases studied, 30 (60%) were of primary infertility while, 20 (40%) were of secondary infertility. Laparoscopic findings were as follows, 28% had polycystic ovaries, 20% had endometriosis, 18% had tubal factors, 18% had adhesions, and 8% had fibroids while 4% had PID. Hysteroscopic findings were uterine septum in 16%, T shaped cavity in 14%, shaggy-hyperplastic endometrium in 10% while adhesions and polyps in 8% and 4% respectively. 16 women (32%) conceived after the procedure during the study period.Conclusions: It is concluded that while investigating the causes of female infertility combined simultaneous diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy with operative interventions wherever indicated should be performed in all infertile patients before treatment, especially in women with age more than 30 years.

scholarly journals Etiological classification of seizures in pediatric age group (6-12years) – MRI study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Dr. Nirmalkumar Gopalakrishnan ◽  
◽  
Dr. Mohammed Ansari Gaffoor ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Age Group ◽  
Section Thickness ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Unprovoked Seizure ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
New Onset

Background: A seizure is an occurrence of signs or symptoms due to abnormal excessive orsynchronous neuronal activity in the brain. The present study aims to study the etiological factorsand clinical profile for new-onset seizures in children aged 6-12 years and to determine thefrequency of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the pediatrics age group with new-onset unprovoked seizure and those with inadequately investigated longstanding epilepsy andclassify the etiology based on the MRI findings. Methods: A prospective study involving a total of 50patients was recruited aged between 6 to 12 years. All of them underwent neuro-imaging with MRI.Uncooperative patients were imaged following sedation and monitoring by the anesthetist. Allchildren aged 6-12 years who presented with new-onset seizures were included. All MR images wereobtained at a 3-mm section thickness except magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo images,which are obtained at a 1.8-mm section thickness. Results: Of the 50 patients 28 presented withgeneralized tonic-clonic seizures, 12 with simple partial seizures, 10 with complex partial seizures.Generalized seizures were a more common presentation than partial seizures in children 6-12 yearsof age. Conclusion: With the positivity of the MRI in the new-onset seizure in children between 6-12 years in our study gives an important aspect of the essential factor of imaging in pediatric new-onset seizures.

scholarly journals Role of age of incidence, parity, body mass index and socioeconomic class in endometrial carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 762
Author(s):  
Neha A. Nimbark
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socioeconomic Class ◽  
Frequency Table ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecologial malignancy in world. The main aim is to study epidemiological factors of Ca body uterus in our hospital. The present study was designed to evaluate the age of incidence of carcinoma body uterus and study role of parity, body mass index and socioeconomic class in carcinoma body.Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of endometrial carcinoma who were treated in a single unit of the hospital from April 2010 to March 2012 (2 years) conducted at the department of gynaecological oncology G. C. R. I., Ahmedabad. Observational study was done. All these data were combined and tabulated in frequency table simple percentage analysis is used for frequency and percentage analysis is applied to create a contingency table from the frequency distribution and represent the collected data for better understanding. Descriptive statistics were obtained for all variable.Results: Maximum number of patients were in age group of 50-59 years. Mean age was 58 years. Maximum patients were multiparous (54%). 4 patients were nulligravida (9%). 70% were overweight and obese. Majority of patients (72%) belong to middle and higher socio-economic class.Conclusions: It was noted that the incidence for ca endometrium is related to age, parity, BMI and socioeconomic class at our centre.

Correlation Between Bispectral Index and Electrocorticographic Features During Epilepsy Surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Martha Itzhel G. Ramírez ◽  
Laura Regina Rodríguez-Arias ◽  
Areli O. Santiago ◽  
Alejandro L. Pizano ◽  
Roberto Ll Zamora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Bispectral Index ◽  
Depth Of Anesthesia ◽  
Background Frequency ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cortical Electrical Activity ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Suppression Time

Surgical resection guided by intraoperative electrocorticography (iECoG) has been in clinical use for many decades. The use of the bispectral index (BIS) for monitoring depth of anesthesia during different types of surgery, including epilepsy surgery, is increasing nowadays. The BIS is an EEG-derived variable indicating cortical electrical activity. However, the correlation between the BIS score and the iECoG score, with the purpose of optimizing the quality and time of the iECoG recordings in epilepsy surgery is unknown. The goal of this study was to evaluate the correlation between BIS values and iECoG parameters during the epilepsy surgery under anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl. This is a prospective study that included patients with epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery guided by BIS and iECoG (September 2008 to October 2013). Clinical, physiological, and sociodemographic characteristics are shown. We correlated the iECoG parameters (presence of burst suppressions [BS], suppression time [seconds], background frequency [Hz], and type of iECoG score by Mathern et al) with BIS values. We included 28 patients, 15/28 (53.5%) female, general mean age of 30.5 years (range 13-56 years). Patients underwent epilepsy surgery: 22/28 (79%) temporal and 6/28 (21%) extratemporal. We found a nonlinear polynomial cubic relationship between the mentioned variables noting that a BIS range of 40 to 60 gave the following results: iECoG BS periods <5 seconds, background frequency 10 to 17 Hz, and iECoG score 2 characterized by lack of >20-Hz background frequencies. No BS were observed with a BIS > 60. In conclusion BIS values and iECoG parameters during the epilepsy surgery under anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl have a nonlinear correlation. BS patterns were not found with a BIS > 60. These findings show that BIS is a nonlinear multidimensional measure, which possesses high variability with the iECoG parameters. BS patterns are not found with BIS > 60.

Pilot, Multicenter and Prospective Trials with an Anti-CEA Antibody

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Buraggi ◽  
M. Gasparini ◽  
E. Seregni ◽  
E. Bombardieri ◽  
E. Regalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Multicenter Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prospective Trials ◽  
A Prospective Study

In this paper we summarize the investigations performed by our group utilizing an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (F023C5) labelled with different radionuclides in humans. Since 1983 radioimmunoscintigraphy (RIS) was performed on 51 patients with 64 localizations of colorectal carcinoma (pilot study). A multicenter clinical trial in a large number of patients (509 pts of which 284 with gastrointestinal cancer) was subsequently carried out in collaboration with ten nuclear medicine centres. High sensitivity and specificity values were obtained by these studies and many unsuspected lesions were recorded. In order to better define the clinical role of RIS, a prospective study was performed on 59 patients with suspected local relapses of colorectal cancer. A comparative evaluation of RIS, CT scan, US and MRI was done. RIS and MRI had the highest accuracy (86%) followed by CT scan (68%) and US (54%).

scholarly journals Patellar Tuberculosis presenting as an Osteolytic Lesion

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra K Chouhan
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Osteolytic Lesion ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis of the patella is a rare entity, and may present with nonspecific clinical findings and subtle changes on plain radiographs; the rarity and unusual nature of presentation lead to frequent delays in diagnosis. We present the radiological (roentgenograms, CT scan and MRI) findings of a case of patellar tuberculosis and discuss the pertinent radiological parameters. How to cite this article Chouhan DK, Dhillon MS, Prakash M, Sharma S. Patellar Tuberculosis Presenting as an Osteolytic Lesion. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(4):221-222.

scholarly journals Prospective comparative study between colposcopy and histopathology for diagnosis of CIN and carcinoma cervix

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3661
Author(s):  
Kishorkumar Hol ◽  
Shweta S. Mishra ◽  
Sameer Darawade ◽  
Hemant Damle
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Precursor Lesions ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Cervical cancer develops from precursor lesions and detection of these lesions is of utmost importance. The detection of precancerous lesions is made with help of screening tests most important include PAP smear and colposcopy. So we conducted this study to understand the role of colposcopy in down staging of Carcinoma cervix.Methods: We performed a prospective study between Jan 2018 to Dec 2018 on 180 subjects chosen from patients who sought consultation for various gynaecological complaints between age group of 18-60 years. A Pap smear followed by a colposcopy was performed and colposcopic directed biopsies were taken and subjected to histolopathological examination.Results: Colposcopy had a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 78.5%, PPV of 68.9% for CIN 1. It had a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 95.2%, PPV of 83.33% for CIN 2 and 3 when co related with gold standard histopathology which is much higher as compared to Pap smear.Conclusions: Colposcopy is an effective tool in down staging of Carcinoma cervix.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of cancer in young in central India: An analysis of rural cancer hospital data

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 183-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novak Gupta ◽  
Prakash Chitalkar ◽  
Renu Mishra ◽  
Ankur Punia
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background: Cancers in teenage and young adults (TYAs), though an increasing cause of mortality in our country, have been scarcely studied. The lack of studies of TYAs can significantly affect the outcomes of the youth in the prime of their lives. Aims: The aim of this study was to study the type of cancers in the TYA at a rural cancer center in central India. Design and Methods: A prospective study in the department of medical oncology, from the period of January 2013 till March 2016, was done. Data regarding socioepidemiological factors were collected for new cancer patients between the age group of 15–30 years in semi-structured questionnaire and from the hospital records. Cancers were classified according to the Birch classification. The cases were analyzed according to the epidemiological profile, classification of cancer, and age-wise distribution using descriptive analysis. Results: In this study, out of 5221 cancer patients, TYAs accounted for 327 (6.26%) with 189 males and 138 females (M: F– 1.37:1). The maximum cases were seen in 25–30 years' age group. Carcinoma was the most common malignancy (54.74%) with an increase from 19.56% in the 15–19 years' age group to 64.82% in the 25–30-year-old patients. Conclusion: The present study gives a glimpse of the TYA cancers in the central India. More than half of the young cancer patients suffer from carcinomas with about half of these being head and neck cancers.

scholarly journals Role of MDCT Scan in the Evaluation of Pancreatic Mass with Histopathological Correlation

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Partho Protim Saha ◽  
Mahmood Uz Jahan ◽  
Sadia Sharmin ◽  
Rawnak Afrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pancreatic Disease ◽  
Pancreatic Mass ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Diagonstic imaging plays a critical role in evaluation of the adenocarcinoma of the pancreas- the 4th leading cause of death for the cancer globally. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in evaluation of pancreatic tumors. The prospective and study was carried out in Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of July, 2013 to December 2014. Amongst 47 publish with suspected pancreatic lesion (having positive CT scan findings). Patients underwent histopathology of their lesions, the report of which was used as gold standard for comparing the role of CT scan in evaluating such lesions. Pancreatic disease was found to be more prevalent in males. The commonest age group was 56-65 years. On the average malignant lesions were more common in elder age group than the benign ones. Head of the pancreas was the commonest site for malignant pancreatic mass.  Main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilatation was found to be a harbinger for malignant condition of pancreas. 72.3% patients showed MPD dilatation most of which proved to be malignant. Some 45% patients showed common bile duct (CBD) dilatation all of which presented clinically with jaundice. Out of 47 patients 33 (60.3%) were diagnosed to have malignant lesions while 14 (39.7%) had benign lesions. Finding of the study suggest that CT scan may be a useful tool for assessing and changing of Parcrease mass lesions. 

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