scholarly journals Screening of Thyroid Function in the First Half of Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Shaila Naznine Tania ◽  
Ferdousi Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
One Year ◽  
Serum Tsh

Objective: The study was conducted to find out any alterations in thyroid function status in first half of pregnancy (up to 20 weeks), with ultimate aim of deciding the usefulness of routine screening of thyroid function in pregnancy.Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, over a period of one year from July 2011 to June 2012 on pregnant women in their 1st half of pregnancy to screen for the thyroid function. Based on predefined eligibility criteria, a total of 230 pregnant women were purposively included in the study. Thyroid function status was assessed by measuring serum levels of TSH, free thyroxine (FT4), and free tri-iodothyronine (FT3). Women with thyroid disorders were excluded.Results: The mean age of the patients being 24 years. Over 90% of the women were housewife and majority (88.7%) was educated. Over one-quarter of women was overweight with mean body mass index being 22.1 ± 4.4 kg/m2. The women were predominantly multigravida with 56% in 1st trimester 44% in the 1st half of 2nd trimester of pregnancy (13-20 weeks). Based on trimester’s specific range of serum TSH in the 1st and 1st half of 2nd trimester (13-20 weeks) of pregnancy,13% of the patients were hypothyroid and 3% were hyperthyroid thus yielding a total of 37(16%) pregnant women with abnormal thyroid function status.Conclusion: The study concluded that one in every six women may have thyroid disorder in the first half of pregnancy and subclinical hypothyroidism is four times more common than the subclinical hyperthyroidism.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2014; Vol. 29(1) : 26-31

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards the practice of temporary contraceptive methods among pregnant women attending a teaching hospital in Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4845
Author(s):  
Ananthi Kasinathan ◽  
Himabindu Nagulapally
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Family Planning ◽  
The Media ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Knowledge and access to contraception is the basic right of every woman. This is one of the goals of National family planning programme. This study gauges the knowledge of antenatal women about temporary contraceptive methods available in our outpatient department and their attitude towards its practice.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Indira Gandhi medical college and research institute, Puducherry, between March 2019 to May 2019. 270 pregnant women were chosen and with their consent, using a predesigned questionnaire, their awareness regarding contraception was assessed. Then each participant was counselled regarding the various methods and their attitude towards choosing a temporary contraceptive method was assessed using a questionnaire. The data was entered in SPSS software and analyzed.Results: In this study, 88.8% belonged to 20-30 years, 77% had received school education and 80.3% were home makers. 72.9% were primigravidas. 55.8% of primis and 95.8% of multis knew about spacing. In primis, 67.5% knew about IUCDs. In multis, 95.8% knew about condoms. Knowledge of depo provera was poor. The most preferred contraceptive was condom followed by CuT and pills.Conclusions: This study shows that it is important to create awareness about temporary contraceptive methods and its free availability in the hospitals. Further pregnant women need to be given more information about oral pills, emergency and injectable contraceptive methods. The Government has to work in unison with hospitals and its staff along with the media to achieve this goal.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant and lactating women in rural Vijayapur

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Santosh D. Patil ◽  
Ravindranath A. Bhovi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

Background: Nutritional anaemia is defined as a condition in which the haemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. Anaemia is the late manifestation of deficiency of nutrient(s) needed for haemoglobin synthesis. The prevalence of anaemia in developing countries is estimated to be 43% and that of developed countries is 9%. Anaemia is estimated to contribute to more than 115000 maternal deaths and 591000 prenatal deaths globally per year. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women and lactating mothers and to explore the associated factors with anaemia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant and lactating women in Ukkali a rural field practice area Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur. Criteria for inclusion were pregnant women- current pregnancy of more than 6 months and lactating mother with child aged up to 6 months of age. Estimation of haemoglobin was carried by standard Sahlis pipette method. Anaemia was classified according to WHO grading criteria.Results: The maximum number of pregnant women (85.71%) in the age group of 35-49 years was anaemic followed by those who were in the age group of 20-34 years (61.54%). Prevalence of anaemia was 72 % in women of less than 20 years, whereas it was as high as 80% among lactating women of 35-49 years age group.Conclusions: Anaemia continues to be a problem with the existing health care resources. Socio-economic status, literacy of women and awareness related to health concerns are the major determinants that contribute to the problem of anaemia.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices of Ramadan fasting on health and disease among pregnant Muslim women in urban health centre of a medical college

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Muhammed Muntazeem G. ◽  
Varadaraja Rao B. A. ◽  
Mane Kusum S.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Urban Health Centre

Background: Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan entails abstinence from food, water, smoking and drugs from dawn to sunset. In Islamic religious rule fasting during Ramadan is not mandatory if there is any contraindication such as illness, old age, pregnancy, etc. Many studies have shown that most Muslim women choose to fast during pregnancy because of a sense of religious duty, familial support, positive views on fasting and difficulty in completing the missed fasts at another time.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 124 pregnant Muslim women attending urban health centre for antenatal care during the month of Ramadan at Davanagere city. Data was entered in the Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of frequencies.Results: In this study majority of pregnant women believed that fasting during pregnancy is harmful to mother as well as child. Overall, 80.6% of pregnant women did not observed fasting during pregnancy.Conclusions: In this study majority of the pregnant women did not observed fasting during the month of Ramadan. Health education should be given to all pregnant women and family members regarding adverse effect of fasting on mother and child health.

A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT IN THE DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Umesh Chandra Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

INTRODUCTION:Cerebrovascular accident (commonly called stroke) is dened as an abrupt onset of a neurologic decit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Thus, the diagnosis of stroke is clinical and laboratory studies including brain imaging are used to support the diagnosis AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in different types of cerebrovascular accidents on admission. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an institution based cross-sectional study designed to investigate the association of hs-CRP levels with stroke and its types in Indian patients. The study was done in the Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar from march 2019 to March 2020. 50 patients of either sex above 12 years of age admitted in Medicine Department of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar with clinically or radiologically diagnosed stroke. RESULT: The mean level of hsCRP (mean ± s.d.) of the cases in our study was 7.65±7.01 with range 1.4 – 26 and the median was 3.7 and 58% of the cases were having level of hsCRP≥3 (p=0.023).Mean level of hsCRPof cases was signicantly higher than that of control (t98=7.25;p=0.001). CONCLUSION:We concluded that hs-CRPlevel is increased in cases of cerebrovascular accident- ischemic as well as haemorrhagic, suggesting an inammatory response in acute cerebrovascular accident. hs-CRP level is increased in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular accident dramatically but not in haemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident which might be considered as useful adjunct method for determining type of stroke in patients with cerebrovascular problems.

scholarly journals Comparison of KAtex, Bone Marrow Aspiration and DAT for the Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Ishrat Sharmin ◽  
AKM Quamruzzaman ◽  
Rezina Parveen ◽  
M Abdulah Yusuf ◽  
Rashida Akter Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background: Newly developed KAtex test can be used as a non invasive tool for diagnosis of Kala-azar. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare KAtex, Bone marrow aspiration and DAT to diagnose VL. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh in collaboration with the Department of Parasitology, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh for a period of one year. Clinically suspected Kala-azar (VL) cases of different age and sex attending IEDCR, Dhaka from different Kala-azar endemic areas of Bangladesh were selected for this study. Patients having fever for more than 2 weeks, with or without splenomegaly, having history of loss of body weight following onset of fever were clinically suspected as Kala-azar cases. Microscopy and culture was performed in bone marrow (BM). KAtex was performed with urine sample. Agglutination of sensitized latex indicated presence of Leishmania donovani antigen in urine and thereby visceral leishmaniasis. No agglutination indicates absence of antigen in urine. DAT was done with serums of all cases. Result: Among 130 clinically suspected VL cases, 70 (53.85%) cases were BM positive and 60(46.15%) cases were BM negative. All the 70 BM positive cases were positive by KAtex and DAT. Among 60 BM negative cases, 15 were positive by KAtex and 23 were positive by DAT. The sensitivity of KAtex was 100.0% and specificity was 75.0%. The sensitivity of DAT was 100.0% and specificity is 61.6%. Conclusion: In conclusion, KAtex test is a good diagnostic tool for the detection of VL in comparison with DAT. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, June 2019;6(1):12-15

scholarly journals Assessment of Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saifur Rahman ◽  
Sadia Sultana ◽  
Ayesha Nazneen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
In Pregnancy

<p><strong>Objectives:  </strong>Thyroid disorders are commonly observed in pregnancy. Thyroid hormones play an important role in embryogenesis and fetal development. The fetus is completely dependent on the mother for thyroid hormone in first trimester. About 10% of all pregnant women can be affected by thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Thyroid function abnormalities in pregnancy are a challenge for the concerned physicians.  The objective of this study was to assess the maternal thyroid function in first trimester of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Patients and Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out at the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka over a period of one year from January 2013 to December 2013 to see the serum FT<sub>3</sub>, FT<sub>4</sub>, TSH, thyroid antibodies level and common thyroid disorders in pregnancy. A total of 138 pregnant women in their first trimester (up to 12 weeks) of pregnancy with an age range of 18-35 years were enrolled in this study. Pregnant women with known thyroid disorder and on treatment and pregnancy more than three months were excluded. Measurement of serum FT<sub>3</sub>, FT<sub>4</sub>, TSH, Anti TPO-Ab and Anti TG-Ab were done in each patient at the time of enrolment. Ultrasonography of each patient was done for confirmation of pregnancy and correlation of gestational age.</p><p><strong>Results:  </strong>Among 138 pregnant women, subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 10 (7.2%) patients and subclinical hyperthyroidism was detected in 3 (2.2%) patients. Mean difference of the investigation findings were not statistically significant among primi and multi gravida. TPO-Ab and TG-Ab difference were statistically significant between two age groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subclinical thyroid disorders are fairly high among pregnant women. Correct diagnosis in early pregnancy and prompt treatment will bring an excellent prognosis for both mother and offspring.</p><p>Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 19(2): 98-102, July 2016</p>

scholarly journals Thyroid function status in patients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: a study for Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Saurav Piya ◽  
Jeena Gurung ◽  
Anadi Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Hypothyroid Patient ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy

Introduction: Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is an organ-specific autoimmune inflammatory incapacitating eye disorder usually associated with Graves’ disease affecting the orbit. Objectives: To determine thyroid function status in patients with thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy. Methods: This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study of sixty three clinically diagnosed new cases of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy done at Nepal Eye Hospital, Kathmandu from February 2012 to January 2013. Detailed history, systemic & ocular examination with special emphasis on evaluation of extraocular movement, lid signs, exophthalmos with Hertel's exophthalmometer was done. Thyroid function test and endocrine consultation were also done in all cases. Results: There were an equal distribution of TED with hyperthyroid (34.95%) and euthyroid status (34.95%). The most common presentation of both euthyroid and hypothyroid patient was tremor (13.4%) and palpitation (13.45%). The most common symptom of TED was foreign body sensation (54 %) but in TED with euthyroid and hypothyroid status, redness (22.2 %) and diminution of vision (20.6 %) were more frequent symptoms respectively. The most common presenting sign was Von Graefe’s sign (69 %). Among TED with hyperthyroid and hypothyroid status, Dalrymple's sign (29.3%) and Mobius sign (17.4%) were most common respectively. Conclusion: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy is an important health concern among patients with a thyroid disorder. TED with hyperthyroid states present more severely than hypothyroid and euthyroid states. As TED occurred with a high prevalence in all thyroid states, a close collaboration between endocrinologists and ophthalmologists along with timely referrals of patients with any eye complaint is mandated.

scholarly journals Leucocytosis in Febrile Seizure

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
AR Ojha ◽  
UR Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizure ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
High Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leucocyte ◽  
Medical College ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Febrile seizure (FS) is a common condition affecting 2-5% of children. Peripheral blood leucocyte count with its differential is an initial test looking for the cause of fever and high count is usually accounted for the seizure activity. Objectives: To find the incidence of febrile seizure and to evaluate the relationship between fever duration before seizure, seizure duration and the total leucocyte as well as neutrophil response. Methodology: It is a cross sectional study done at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, for one year. After an informed consent, children from 6 months to 6 years with FS were admitted. Those with afebrile seizures and who refused to give consent were excluded. A detail history and examination was done on admission. All were investigated for the source of fever including total and differential count. Results: Out of a total 1742 children admitted, 115 (6.6%) children had febrile seizure. Simple febrile seizure was observed in 93(81%) and 22(19%) was complex febrile seizure. 42% of them had leucocytosis. The duration of fever before the onset of seizure is found to be negatively correlated with total leucocyte count (r = -0.418, p<0.001) and neutrophils count alone (r = -0.375, p<0.001). The duration of seizure is not correlated to both the total leucocyte count (r = -0.162, p = 0.85) and the neutrophil (r = -0.109, p= 0.247). Conclusion: The incidence of febrile seizure is 6.6%. Leucocytosis and neutrophilia in children is negatively correlated with the duration fever before the onset of seizure, associated with underlying infection if any and is not related to seizure event and its duration. Thus any child with febrile seizure with high leucocyte count should be evaluated for infection. Key words: Fever; Leucocytosis; Neutrophilia; Seizure DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v31i3.4577 J Nep Paedtr Soc 2011;31(3):188-191   

scholarly journals Maternal Weight Gain and its Relationship with Birth Weight of Baby at Term

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Shiffin Rijvi ◽  
Sharmin Abbasi ◽  
Farhana Dewan ◽  
Sehereen Farhad Siddiqua ◽  
Anuradha Karmakar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

Background: Perinatal health is influenced by maternal weight gain. Increase in obesity in population and excess weight during pregnancy may be different complications including large for gestational age fetus. As a result cesarean delivery has increased in prevalence. Maternal weight gain during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters is an important determinant of fetal growth Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal weight gain and birth weight of baby at term. Methodology : A cross sectional study was carried among 50 pregnant women at term in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2013 to July 2013. Data were collected in pre-designed data collection sheet. Results: This study found maximum (36%) were age group 21-25 years followed by 28% were ≤20 years, 24% were between 26-30 years, 8% were between 31-35 years and only 4% were of 36-40 years. The average age was 25 years. Among these 50 pregnant women, 2 cases (4%) had BMI < 18.5, 15 cases (30%) had a BMI 18.5-24.9, 19 cases (38%) had a BMI 25-29.9 and 14 cases (28%) had a BMI ≥30. The mean birth weight was 2.77±0.33. kg. Mean weight gain was 10.72±3.72 Kg. Conclusion: This study showed that reasonable maternal weight gain significantly increased birth weight of the baby at term. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2017; Vol. 32(2) : 79-83

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