scholarly journals Variation of Food items in the Stomach Contents of two Mullets, Chelon subviridis and Valamugil buchanani, from Merbok Estuary, Kedah, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Wan Maznah Wan Omar ◽  
Mansor Mat Isa
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Merbok Estuary ◽  
Monthly Variations

This study was conducted in Merbok estuary, Kedah, Malaysia during January to December 2011 to assess monthly and seasonal variation in food items in the stomach of Chelon subviridis and Valamugil buchanani. A total of 341 fish samples (225 for Chelon subviridis and 116 for Valamugil buchanani) were collected from upper zone (Lalang and Sameling Rivers) of Merbok estuary. Among the stomach contents plant materials, diatom, cyanobacteria and detritus were the main food items in both fish species. In both fishes the highest numbers of food items were found in the month of November. Chelon subviridis consumed plant materials 65.84% by number and 8.55% by frequency of occurrence in the dry season whereas 66.25% by number and 9.73% by frequency of occurrence in the wet season. On the other hand, Valamugil buchanani consumed plant materials 59.54% by number and 12.28% by frequency of occurrence in the dry season whereas 72.89% by number and 11.96% by frequency of occurrence in the wet season respectively. Monthly variations of diatom as food item between C. subviridis and V. buchanani were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Both of the fish species consumed more food (by numerical method) in wet season than dry season.Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(2): 213-220, 2015

scholarly journals Stomach Content of Tillapia zilli and Oreochromis nilocticus from Wanzun River, Lavun Local Government, Niger State Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Y. M. Mohammed ◽  
M. D. Abubakar ◽  
A. M. Muhammad ◽  
A. S. Muhammad ◽  
B. L. Umar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Empty Stomach ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Individual Fish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
The One

This study was conducted to investigate the stomach contents of two commercially important fish species (Tilapia zilli and Oreochromis nilocticus)  from Wanzun River, Northcentral Nigeria using frequency of occurrence and volumetric methods between January to April 2019. Fish samples were collected monthly with help of Fishermen using various fishing nets and traps. One hundred (100) individual fish of each species were collected and their stomach contents were examined. The results obtained expressed in mean percentage indicated that out of the one hundred (100) individual fish of each species examined,Twelve (12%) fish had an empty stomach contents in Tilapia zilli, and out of the 100 samples examined, Seventeen (17%) fish had an empty stomach content in Oreochromis nilocticus. The stomach contents of both Tilapia zilli and Oreochromis nilocticus consist of detritus, insects, fish remains. Algae/protozoans plant materials and molluscs. Both fish species are omnivorous feeders and occupy the same ecological niche.The study reveals the importance of algae, fish, insects and plant materials as food for fishes and they form important part in the diet of the species examined.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation on diet of juvenile Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 (Ladyfish) in the Parnaiba River Delta

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Araujo Santos ◽  
Thamires Souza Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia Silva do Nascimento ◽  
Cézar Augusto Freire Fernandes ◽  
Francisca Edna de Andrade Cunha
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Importance Index

Abstract: Aim Identify seasonal variations in the diet of juvenile living in the estuary of the Parnaíba River Delta. Methods Food items were identified through analysis of stomach contents, and later submitted to analysis by regular methods for Frequency of Occurrence (FO), Frequency Numerical (FN), Gravimetric Frequency (FW) and Relative Importance Index (IRI). Results Juvenile diet of Elops saurus that inhabit the lagoons in the Parnaíba delta was composed in order decreasing of importance by Osteichthyes (Teleostei), Insecta and Crustacea in addition to Polychaeta and Nematoda. It was also observed a high frequency of occurrence of fragments of plastics in the diet. In the rainy season, 17 items were recorded in the diet, whereas in the dry season only 7 items were present. Relative Importance Index showed high presence of the Teleostei fish (69.93%) on diet of E. saurus during the rainy season, whereas during the dry period the insects of the families Corixidae (43.25%) and Dysticidae (39.16%). Conclusions With the study it was possible to identify that juvenile are piscivorous in the rainy season when there is a higher availability of prey in the environment and insectivores in the dry season when it reduces the supply of food, indicating feeding flexibility to environmental alterations.

scholarly journals Patterns of Fish Assemblage, Growth, and Diet Composition in a Tropical River between Two Cascading Hydropower Dams

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Afina-Yian Chundi ◽  
Elsa-Cordelia-Durie Lambat ◽  
Alvinna Tram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
The Impact

Construction of cascade dams has been shown to have impacts on fish assemblages and biodiversity. Yet, there is no literature on fish assemblages in the Murum River that connects the cascading Bakun and Murum dams in Sarawak, Malaysia. Hence, study on this modified ecosystem is necessitated to better understand the effects of the cascade dam construction on fish fauna. For this, fish samples were caught at five stations located along the river during both dry and wet seasons. Environmental parameters were taken concurrently with fish sampling. Length-weight relationship, condition factors, and diet composition of selected fish species in the river were also determined. The present study demonstrated that there are indications of the impact of cascading dams on the formation of a complex ecosystem in the Murum River, that is, changing from the shallow downstream of the Murum Dam to the deep transitional and inundated zone of the Bakun reservoir. The transitional zone in the Murum River exhibited the lowest fish species diversity, richness, and evenness during the dry season due to low pH and DO coupled with high turbidity. The biological indices improved when the water quality improved during the wet season. On the contrary, the diversity and evenness indices at the inundated tributary station decreased remarkably during the wet season, likely due to the migration of fish during the onset of the rainy season. This study showed that Barbonymus schwanenfeldii has a wider feeding habit which contributes to its higher distribution and abundance in the Murum River. The growth patterns of B. schwanenfeldii, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Hampala macrolepidota, Lobocheilos ovalis, and Osteochilus enneaporos were better during wet than dry season. Overall, the condition factor of all native fish species in the Murum River was in poor to fair condition, whereas the exotic species, Oreochromis mossambicus, exhibited excellent condition (K value > 2) for both seasons. The increase in the number of O. mossambicus coupled with its high condition factor indicates biological intrusion and a potential threat to the native fish species in the Murum River. Continuous monitoring is essential to detect in-time risk issues associated with environmental degradation and biological invasion in this regulated and inundated river ecosystem.

scholarly journals Diet of two syntopic species of Crenuchidae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) in an Amazonian rocky stream

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Fernandes ◽  
Rafael Pereira Leitão ◽  
Eurizângela Pereira Dary ◽  
Ana Isabel Camacho Guerreiro ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Diet Overlap ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Taxonomic Level ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Feeding Plasticity

Abstract This study assessed the diet of two poorly known syntopic fish species of the family Crenuchidae, Characidium aff. declivirostre and Leptocharacidium omospilus, in a Presidente Figueiredo´ rocky stream, Amazonas, Brazil. The stomach contents were analyzed and their Frequency of Occurrence (FO %) and Relative Volume (Vol %) were combined in a Feeding Index (IAi). We examined 20 individuals of C. aff. declivirostre and 23 of L. omospilus. The Morisita-Horn Index was used to estimate the overlap between the diets of these species. Immature insects were the most valuable items consumed by both fish species. The diet of C. aff. declivirostre was mainly composed of larvae and pupae of Chironomidae, while L. omospilus predominantly consumed larvae of Hydroptilidae, Hydropyschidae and Pyralidae. Thus, both species were classified as autochthonous insectivorous. Characidium aff. declivirostre was considered a more specialized species, probably reflecting lower feeding plasticity or the use of more restricted microhabitats compared to L. omospilus. When the food items were analyzed at the family taxonomic level, the diet overlap between these species was considered moderate (Morisita-Horn Index = 0.4). However, a more thorough analysis, at the genus level, indicates a very low diet overlap. Therefore, we conclude that the feeding segregation between C. aff. declivirostre and L. omospilus may favor their co-existence, despite their high phylogenetic closeness.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DEL CONTENIDO ESTOMACAL DEL CAMARON TITI Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (HELLER) (CRUSTACEA: NATANTIA: PENAEIDAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha L. Cortés ◽  
María M. Críales
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Xiphopenaeus Kroyeri ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Bivalve Shells

Juveniles and adults of the seabob Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) were collected at monthly invervals between September 1988 and June 1988. The food items were determined in order of descending importance as: detritus and fragments of bivalve shells, polychaete worms, foraminiferans, and crustaceans. There was a difference in the feeding habits between the rainy seasson (September to December) and the dry season (January to June) with items like rotifers, sponges and radiolarians appearing only during the dry season. Analysis of the frequency of occurrence of different food items showed that groups like rotifers and bryozoans appear more frequently in juveniles. Measurements of protein and carbohydrate levels in the stomach contents revealed the highest peaks of proteins for adults in September (92.03 ug/mg dry weight of stomach contents) and for juveniles in December (81.27 ug/mg), and of carbohydrates for adults in October (45.81 ug/mg) and for juveniles in December (35.25 ug/mg). Quantitative differences in proteins and carbohydrates between the two size groups were not statistically significant.

Significance of Detritus or Detritus-Associated Invertebrates to Fish Production in a New Impoundment

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1799-1804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Cherry ◽  
Rufus K. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Animal Food ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio

During early stages of succession in a new impoundment, fish species that could assimilate the readily available food resources, i.e. carp (Cyprinus carpio) and flat bullhead (Ictalurus platycephalus) were initially favored in numbers and weight. Detrital feeders or omnivores represented by carp and the flat bullhead comprised a majority of the numbers (56%) and weight (65%) of the 25 species captured during a 2-yr period. Numbers of the major fish groups captured decreased from 1971 to 1972, while the weight per species increased.On a volumetric basis, detritus and detritus-associated invertebrates (coleopterans and dipterans), were the major food items consumed by carp and catfish. Relative abundance of animal food items, in terms of frequency of occurrence and percentage of stomach contents, was greater at warmer water temperatures. In comparison to other species, catfish contained the greatest diversity of food items during warmer months and consumed larger quantities of detritus in the winter. Fish groups that constituted a smaller biomass, such as centrarchids, were generally insectivorous or fed upon cladocerans and copepods, while adult basses (Micropterus salmoides and M. coosae) and chain pickerel (Esox niger) were piscivorous.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of five dominant fish species from Matang Mangrove Estuaries, Malaysia based on stomach contents and stable isotope analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Mohd Azim ◽  
S. M. Nurul Amin ◽  
D. Mazumder ◽  
A. Arshad ◽  
F. M. Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Dominant Fish ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Abstract The centres of mangrove biodiversity and productivity have been under-represented in studies of fish diet and habitat utilization, particularly in relation to environmental changes between wet and dry seasons. Feeding habits of five dominant fish species (Thryssa kammalensis, Ambassis gymnocephalus, Escualosa thoracata, Stolephorus baganensis and Johnius belangerii) were investigated from two sites in the Matang Mangrove ecosystem, Perak Malaysia, with sampling encompassing both wet and dry seasons. The stomach fullness of the fish was on average significantly higher in the wet season (48%) than in the dry season (32%) with isopods and copepods forming a more important component of the fish diet during the wet season than the dry season. The stomach contents of each species were, on average: T. kammalensis {(Animal based (A) = 50.11%, Plant based (P) = 38.24%)}, A. gymnocephalus (A = 50.35%, P = 37.99%), E. thoracata (A = 42.09%, P = 44.4%), S. baganensis (A = 38.17%, P = 46.55%) and J. belangerri (A = 25.35%, P = 58.86%). Therefore, all five fish species can be considered omnivorous. The similarity among diets varied from 60-80% during the wet and dry season. During the dry season, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope values of the samples had less variation, indicating narrow dietary sources compared to the wet season where the distribution of their isotopic values was larger. Seasons should be considered for planning mangrove management, as results of this study found contracted trophic breadth for commercially valuable fish in the dry season.

scholarly journals Diversity of Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Freshwater Fishes from Mijawal River, Nasarawa, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1085-2020
Author(s):  
K.M. Adamu ◽  
H. Muhammad ◽  
S.U. Ahmad ◽  
M.M. Ahmad ◽  
A.M. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Tilapia Zillii ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Mormyrus Rume

Understudying the presence of bacteria and fungi population on freshwater fishes, provides the knowledge and understanding of their diversity and potential roles they may play in the health of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The present study was conducted to evaluate the diversity of bacteria and fungi species of identified fish samples from River Mijawal, Nasarawa State. The fishes were sampled from the only landing for three months (October to December, 2019) for this study. During the sampling periods, thirteen (13) different fish species were identified; they were  swabbed with sterilized swab stick from the skin surface for bacteria and fungi identification. The Dominant fish species were Tilapia zillii, Labeo senegalensis, Mormyrus rume and Mormyrus tapines. The total number of thirteen (13) bacterial and five (5) fungi species were isolated and  identified. Eight (8) of the bacteria isolates, were gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas sp, Aeromonas sp, Serratia mercescenes, Proteus sp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, and Enterobacter sp.); whilst the other five (5) were gram positive bacteria (Bacillus sp, Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Enterococcus sp and Listeria monocytogenes).The five isolated fungi species were Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium  sp, Trichoderma viridae and Geotrichum candidum. The frequency of occurrence of the isolated bacteria indicated that Staphylococcus sp had the highest frequency of occurrence (16.67%) while Serratia mercescens had the least occurrence (2.78%). The highest number of occurrence of the isolated fungi species was observed in Rhizopus sp while the least was recorded in Geotricum candidum. It was observed that Tilapia zillii and  Mormyrus rume had the most frequent bacteria and fungi isolates. It can therefore be deduced from the results that fish samples identified from River Mijawal has high bacteria and fungi diversity that may be pathogenic to man. The occurrence of these microbes may be attributed of human  and animal faeces in the River  Keywords: Freshwater fishes, Microbes, River Mijawal, Nasarawa  

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI DAN FLUKTUASI HASIL TANGKAPAN TUGUK DI SUNGAI LEMPUING, SUMATERA SELATAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Dharmadi Dharmadi ◽  
Endi Setiadi Kartamihardja ◽  
Agus Djoko Utomo ◽  
Dian Oktaviani
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Transition Season ◽  
Fish Catch ◽  
Catch Composition ◽  
Mystus Nemurus

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi dan fluktuasi hasil tangkapan tuguk pada periode berbeda yang dioperasikan di Sungai Lempuing, Sumatera Selatan. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode survei pada periode musim peralihan penghujan sampai dengan kemarau (bulan April), musim kemarau (bulan Juni) dan musim penghujan (bulan Desember) tahun 2007. Komposisi jenis ikan dan hasil tangkapan diperoleh berdasarkan pada data pengambilan contoh pada saat ke lapangan dan data harian hasil tangkapan tuguk yang dicatat oleh 3 orang enumerator. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan tuguk berbeda menurut periode waktu. Hasil tangkapan terdiri atas 11 jenis ikan untuk musim peralihan dan kemarau masing-masing berkisar 400-450 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 411,2+14,1 kg per unit per hari) dan 250-300 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 263,3+13,4 kg per unit per hari) dan 13 jenis ikan pada musim penghujan (bulan Desember) berkisar 700-750 kg per unit per hari (rata-rata 724,8+17,7 kg per unit per hari). Hasil tangkapan didominansi oleh jenis ikan lele (Clarias melanoderma) dan baung (Mystus nemurus). Selama penelitian, kandungan oksigen terlarut di perairan relatif rendah, berkisar 2-4 mg per l, namun dapat ditolelir oleh kelompok jenis ikan rawa (black fish). This research proposed to observed a catch composition and fluctuation of filtering device in different periods operated in the Lempuing River, South Sumatera. The research was conducted using survey method at a respective month of April (transition season), June (dry season) and December 07 (wet season). Fish composition and catch of tuguk were noted during survey and based on recording 3 enumerators. Descriptive analysis was used in this study. The results show that the catch of filtering device differed on diferent season periodes. A number of 11 fish species was caught at a respective season of transition season (April) of 400-450 kg per unit per day (average=411.2+14,1 kg per unit per day), dry season (June) of 250 300 kg per unit per day (average = 263,3+13,4 kg per unit per day), whilst at rainy season (December), fish catch composed of 13 fish species, ranging 700-750 kg per unit per day or (average = 724.8+17.7 kg per unit per day). Clarias melanoderma and Mystus nemurus were dominantly caught in the Lempuing River waters. During observation, dissolved oxygen content was relatively low (2-4 mg per l), that but could be tolerated by black fish.

Diet of crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in two conservation units of the Amazon rainforest, Brazil

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Dutra-Vieira ◽  
M. S. Silva ◽  
G. S. Vieira ◽  
A. S. Carvalho ◽  
B. C. Schimming
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the diet of the free-living crab-eating fox by identifying the stomach contents of the 17 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) roadkilled in two conservation units, both located in the Amazon rainforest. The food items were quantified by frequency of occurrence (FO) and percentage of occurrence (PO). The stomach contents were analysed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE), and mineral matter (MM). Nitrogen-free extractives (NFE), metabolisable energy (ME) values, as well as the energy need for maintenance were estimated. The composition of the diet for the crab-eating fox presented 29 food items from the different taxonomic groups, with a greater diversity of items of animal origin (n=22), although the highest frequency of occurrence was gramineae (Poaceae) (41.18%). Among the items of animal origin, 21% were mammals, 18% reptiles, 10% amphibians, 9% invertebrates and 3% birds. A high content of CF (62.76%) were determined. Nitrogen-free extractive and dry matter averages were 5.91% and 141.82 kcal/100g, respectively. The average maintenance energy was 447.01 kcal/day. These findings suggesting that the crab-eating foxes have a generalist diet with an omnivorous diet in the Amazon basin, feeding on gramineae, fruits, insects, snakes, amphibians, birds and small mammals and have the same feeding habit that present in other Brazilian biomes.

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