scholarly journals Study on Early Childhood Adversities of Orphans Rearing in Orphanages

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Fahad Mahmood ◽  
Nirmeen Rifat Khan ◽  
Md Ziaul Islam ◽  
Tasmia Shahreen ◽  
Md Noor Ashad Uz Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening

Orphans spread a significant mass of our absolute child folks and this study was planned to determine the early childhood adversities of orphans that may attract them in various violence and perilous fortune lead further that in the end have a long-standing psycho-social impact on their adulthood. This was a cross-sectional study that was completed among 301orphans of both genders. The subjects were chosen by convenient sampling technique based on specific inclusion criteria and maintaining ethical issues. The study was directed from January to December 2017 in different orphanages of Chittagong and Dhaka city. The examination uncovered, maximum (84%) of participants were male and the rest (16%) were female. Among them, around 44.9% of them were matured from 10-12 years followed by 37.9% matured between 13-15 years. The majority (62%) of the participants had education up to primary/equivalent level. A maximum (69.77%) of them lost their father and 17.94% of them lost both of their parentages. The study revealed, physical assault (30.2%), serious domestic accident (27%), and life-threatening illness/injury (33.6%) had higher frequencies than other events that happened with the participants personally. Additionally, events like traffic transportation accidents (47.3%), serious domestic accidents (36.8%), and physical assault (28.3%) had higher frequencies than other events experienced through observing to transpiring. Then again, transportation accidents, domestic accidents (ꭓ2 =32.673, p<0.05), physical assault, life-threatening illness/injury were experienced among 16-18 years of aged orphans personally where assault with a weapon and sexual assault (ꭓ2 =14.637, p< 0.05) were more frequent among 13-15 years old gathering. Bangladesh Med J. 2020 Jan; 49 (1): 26-32

scholarly journals Male Infertility and Psychological Repercussions: Α Neglected Problem in Northern Upper Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Wafaa Mostafa Ahmed Gamel ◽  
Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan ◽  
Alyaa Abdallah El-ezazy
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Social And Ethical Issues

Background: Infertility, although not а life-threatening illness, is а life crisis that leads to medical, psychological, social and ethical issues. Male infertility is а neglected area of research, particularly, in Upper Egypt. Most of the studies carried out on this issue, mainly, focused on the etiological factors associated with infertility. The vast majority of researcher studied infertility as а causative or result of psychological aspects but little study psychological aspects as reactive or effect of infertility. Aim: This study shed some light on the extent of psychological repercussions, which was negatively impacted on through the male infertility experience, in Northern Upper Egypt. Method: Α descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 50 infertile men in governmental hospitals in Fayoum, Egypt. Α structured questionnaire comprises 2 parts was used: (1) sociodemographic characteristics, participants’ lifestyle, and sexual behavior & infertility history, (2) Depression-Anxiety-Stress-Scаle-42 (DΑЅЅ 42). Results: The results of the present study portrayed that 42% of the studied subjects were having а sever level of depression. However, 36.0% had а moderate level of anxiety. Moreover, 46.0% of the subject had severe tension. To sum up, infertility hаs many implicаtions for the psychologicаl state of infertile men. Men’s psychosociаl status was influenced by the type and duration of infertility treatment. Conclusion: Concluding we will hаve to аdmit that Upper Egyptiаn men аppeаr to develop psychologicаl distress when fаcing infertility аnd thаt this is а construct overly influenced by sociodemogrаphic chаracteristics, lifestyle аnd sexual pаttern supported by our reseаrch results. Recommendations: Our findings reinforce the need for аndrologist, gynecologist, and infertility speciаlist аnd health cаre sectors аs well аs psychologicаl professionals to look for psychosociаl issues in men undergoing infertility treаtment. Further reseаrch is needed to understаnd the аssociation between psychosociаl issues аnd fertility outcomes, аs well аs effective psychosociаl interventions.

scholarly journals Internet Addiction among Senior Medical Students in King Abdulaziz University, Prevalence and Association with Depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwan A Bakarman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional

INTRODUCTION: Excessive internet use can lead to negative outcomes such as poor academic performance and social isolation. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of the internet addiction and to explore the factors associated with depression among medical students, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: The total number of senior medical students was 1049 in the academic years 2013-2014. An analytical cross sectional study was adopted. Stratified sampling technique with proportional allocation to recruit medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used which adopted the 20-item Young’s internet addiction test (IAT) to explore the internet addictions, while the existence of depression was assessed using the centre for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D).RESULTS: The study included 161 medical students, making the response rate of 78.2%. Majority (94.4%) had computer and 99.4% were using the internet. Community sites ranked first (40.6%), whereas general sites, chatting and emailing were preferred by 14.4%, 10% and 10% respectively. Internet addiction was reported among only five students (3.1%). Possible addiction was reported among 74 students (46.3%). Male students (66.2%) were more addicts to internet than females (44.6%) (P=0.007). The 4th year students reported the highest rate of internet addiction or possible addiction (70.3%) (P=0.003). All internet addicts were depressed, whereas 74.1% of possible addicts and 62.2% of non addicts were depressed (P=0.088). However, the trend in the prevalence of depression in the three different situations was statistically significant (P=0.034).CONCLUSION: Internet addiction is growing hidden problem, which has psychological and social impact on medical students and requires preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Injury amongst Medicolegal Cases in Department of Forensic Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (244) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282
Author(s):  
Arbin Shakya ◽  
Jenash Acharya ◽  
Sunil Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Threatening

Introduction: Victim of injuries presenting to a hospital is a medico-legal issue. So, with medical management, proper documentation of injuries should be done as a legal duty by all physicians attending such cases. The study aims to find the prevalence of injury amongst medicolegal cases inthe Department of Forensic Medicine in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done amongst 328 medicolegal cases presenting at a tertiary center, from January 2019 to February 2021. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2603202101). Convenience sampling was used to select study samples. After detailed history regarding the incidence, injuries were examined and documented in a performa. The data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentagefor binary data. Results: Among 328 cases presenting to hospital for medicolegal issues, 237 (72.25%) (67.40-77.09 at 95% Confidence Interval) had injuries, out of which 170 (71.73%) cases were due to physical assault, 64 (27%) cases due to accident; 2 (1.26%) were undetermined. Majority of victims of injury were adult males, with mean age of 32.41±13.96 years. In most accidental injuries internal organs were also injuries and life-threatening. Conclusions: The prevalence of injuries amongst medicolegal cases was found to be higher in our study in comparison to other studies done in similar settings. Most of the injuries were due to physical assault; however, the majority of road traffic injuries were life-threatening. These road traffic injuries could have been prevented by following a safe system approach to road safety.

scholarly journals Acceptance and barriers of COVID-19 vaccination among people with chronic diseases in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1646-1652
Author(s):  
Amjad Ahmed Alghamdi ◽  
Methail Saleh Aldosari ◽  
Ruby Ali Alsaeed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Life Threatening

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 is a life-threatening disease, especially for people suffering from chronic diseases. As the vaccine is considered an essential tool to confront pandemics, many international medical institutions have developed vaccines. Countries around the world started immunizing their citizens. This study aims to assess the acceptance and barriers of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Saudi Arabian people who suffer from chronic diseases. Methodology: In February-March 2021, a cross-sectional study of Saudi Arabian people who have chronic diseases was undertaken. It was based on an Arabic self-administered online questionnaire and used a convenience sampling technique. 310 people were invited. The response rate was 97%. Results: 51.95% of the participants agreed to take the COVID-19 vaccine, 33.5% were unsure about being vaccinated, and 14.5% refused. The most frequent concerns between participants and receiving the vaccine were about the side effects and the perceived misconception that following preventative measures is enough to protect against the virus. Significant associations between age, education, and occupation with acceptance rate were found (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Although a higher acceptance for the targeted group was expected, the participants showed a moderate acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Addressing the barriers in the current study regarding vaccine uptake and focusing on building trust in the safety and efficacy of the vaccine will aid in hesitancy and resistance toward the vaccine, specifically if these measures were undertaken by an authority such as the Saudi Ministry of Health.

scholarly journals Perceived knowledge and perception on nanotechnology among university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helvinder Kaur ◽  
Mohammed Tahir Ansari ◽  
Santibuana Abdul Rahman ◽  
Muzammil Z ◽  
Zarif Z ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Science Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
Source Of Information

The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and perceptions of nanotechnology among health science students of UniKL RCMP in terms of knowledge, source of information, social impact, benefits, and risks of nanotechnology. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among health science students, which included students from pharmacy, nursing, radiography, and physiotherapy of UniKL RCMP, Ipoh, Perak. Responses were recorded through a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of four sections: the first section recorded the socio-demographic data, the second section was used to validate the knowledge about nanotechnology, the third section was related to the social impact of nanotechnology, and the fourth section recorded the perceptions of the benefits and risks of nanotechnology. A convenience sampling technique was adopted to collect the responses from 300 respondents. This study showed that the knowledge on nanotechnology was moderate among respondents. The main source of information about nanotechnology was the internet. With regard to the social impact, the majority of respondents agreed that nanotechnology could have an economic and occupational impact. The majority of the respondents considered that the nanotechnology will bring the highest benefits in the next two decades in health and medicine, while almost half of them believed that nanotechnology will be a risk in human health. The student community lacks information on nanotechnology, and it is required to increase awareness about the benefits of nanotechnology in the field of medicine and health care settings.

scholarly journals Patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges in clinical practice among Ghanaian physiotherapists

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Gifty Nyante ◽  
Caleb Andoh ◽  
Ajediran Bello
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range

Objectives: To determine the patterns of ethical issues and decision-making challenges encountered by practicing physiotherapists in Ghana.Design: This is a cross-sectional study in which the stratified sampling technique was adopted to sample the participants.Setting: The study involved physiotherapists at the private healthcare setting and from different levels of public healthcare facilities.Participants: Eighty-two duly registered physiotherapists who were practising in Ghana participated in the study.Interventions: Participants completed a 30-item questionnaire related to ethical issues and challenges encountered in making ethical decisions. Data analysis was premised on the frequency of occurrence of ethical tensions and difficulty in decision making which were dichotomized as 'high' and 'low' issues, and 'extreme' and 'low' difficult decisions, respectively.Results: The age range of the participants was 21-49 years (mean 31.5 ± 1.4years). 18 (22%), 31 (37.8%) and 33 (40.2%) physiotherapists practice in the primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings respectively. 56 (68.3%) and 43 (52.4%) of the participants affirmed that 'establishing priorities for patient's treatment amidst limited time resources' was the most frequently encountered and the most extremely difficult ethical issue to make a decision on respectively. Whereas, limiting physical therapy services for personal or organizational gains sub-theme was the least occurred issue which was also the least difficult to make a decision on as indicated by the respective 16 (19.5%) and 18 (22.0%) physiotherapists.Conclusion: A wide range of primary and secondary ethical issues were reported by the sampled physiotherapists, which tend to pose difficulty during the decision-making process in practice.Keywords: Ethical issues; code of ethics; decision making; physiotherapy practice, ethical judgementFunding: The research work was self-funded by the authors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Foetal And Early Childhood Growth on Metabolic Derangements of Sri Lankan Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vithanage Pujitha Wickramasinghe ◽  
C. Arambepola
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prenatal Growth ◽  
Age Category

Abstract Background Studies have shown that accelerated postnatal growth plays a significant role on the onset of adult metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of intrauterine and later growth on metabolic derangements among children in Colombo, Sri Lanka Materials: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 5–15 year old children selected using a two-stage probability-proportionate-to-size cluster sampling technique. Birthweight (BW) was extracted from records to denote prenatal growth; and body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) measured to denote the current growth of children. As metabolic parameters, fasting and random blood glucose, lipid profile and blood pressure (BP) were measured. The sample was stratified by age (5–10 years and 11–15 years); and each age group further categorized into tertiles of BW and BMI. Based on these two parameters, metabolic parameters were evaluated within each age category. Results The sample comprised 833 (494 boys). Metabolic parameters did not significantly differ by sex or across BW tertiles of each BMI tertile. However, significant increases were noted in all except FBS across the BMI tertiles of each BW tertile. Children belonging to the lowest BW and highest BMI tertiles had worst metabolic profiles, while those in the lowest BW as well as BMI tertile were protected. Changes were more significant in the older age category. Irrespective of BW, fat deposition rather than nutritional growth seemed to move children to higher BMI tertiles. Conclusion Poor prenatal growth is not the sole risk factor for abnormal metabolic profile found in childhood. Those who gain weight during early childhood are at higher risk than those who remain small. This favours the accelerated postnatal growth hypothesis.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Emergency Medical Services Students Regarding Pain Management: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110560
Author(s):  
Daifallah M. AlRazeeni
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Emergency Medical Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

The most common reason people seek emergency medical services is pain, either from a severe injury or a life-threatening illness emergency medical services (EMS). Few studies on analgesic administration and pain management assessments are available for EMS students to read (as potential EMS professionals). Therefore, the goal of this study is to find out the knowledge and attitude of EMS students about pain management. Saudi EMS students were asked to complete a survey on their knowledge and attitudes about pain management. As a result, the KASRP scale was used. A t-test was performed to assess the statistical descriptive and independent sampling findings. Data collection started in October 2020 and lasted for one month. EMS students completed 79 questionnaires (response rate of 53%). According to the findings, EMS students demonstrate inadequate fundamental knowledge and attitudes in pain management. The mean correct count for the entire scale was 47% (SD=.09). The findings showed that no major variations were observed in the scores of students associated with demographic features. There are potential opportunities in the program to improve the content and student competencies in pain management.

Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Sidra Sarwar ◽  
Sara Khalid ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽  
Shahid Imran
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

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