scholarly journals Studies of the Effect of Storage Conditions on Some Pharmaceutical Parameters of Powders and Tablets

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151
Author(s):  
Bakre Lateef Gbenga ◽  
Yusuf Taiwo
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Pharmaceutical Powders ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tablet Hardness

This study evaluates the effect of storage conditions on some pharmaceutical parameters of powders (paracetamol, corn starch, tragacanth and polyvinyl pyrrolidone) and tablets (paracetamol, metronidazole and vitamin C). For powdered samples, angle of repose, bulk and tapped densities were determined while the tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability and disintegration before and after exposure to various humidity conditions, radiations from telecommunication mast and sunlight at intervals of 24 hrs & 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The results showed a decrease in the angle of repose for paracetamol, corn starch, polyvinyl pyrollidone and tragacanth powders on exposure to sunlight. There was no significant (p>0.05) change in the tapped and bulk densities under the different storage conditions over the storage period. No organoleptic changes were observed for any of the samples stored under the environmental conditions over the two-month period. All the tablets stored over the two- month period conformed to the official BP standard for weight uniformity. Paracetamol tablets exposed to 93% relative humidity (RH) showed significantly lower reduction (P<0.05) in hardness compared to the other storage conditions. On prolonged exposure of paracetamol and metronidazole tablets to radiation from telecommunication mast, there was a reduction in tablet hardness and the tablets became friable. The observations of the present study reconfirm the role of storage conditions in ensuring the physical stability of pharmaceutical powders and tablets.\Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(2): 147-151, 2015 (December)

Effect of storage conditions on cellulose nanocrystal stability

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHANIE BECK ◽  
JEAN BOUCHARD
Keyword(s):  
Physical Stability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Industrial Material ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Term Storage

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have evolved from a laboratory curiosity to an industrial material manufactured at a scale of up to 1 ton/day. Such large quantities of CNCs will inevitably be stored for different lengths of time before shipping and use. The chemical and physical stability of CNCs during long-term storage under various conditions was monitored. As-produced acidic H-CNCs and neutral salt form Na-CNCs were stored at ambient temperature and at 4°C as never-dried suspensions, and as a freeze-dried solid in the case of Na-CNCs. A variety of parameters were measured at intervals during the storage period. The CNC sulfate half-ester content, the cellulose chain length, and the unique optical properties of CNC films were of particular interest. Changes in these parameters were analyzed to determine the kinetics of long-term CNC degradation and establish the shelf-life of CNCs under different storage conditions.

Effect of Coloring Agents on Starch Properties: In Powder and Paste Form

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
S. Kongmuang ◽  
N. Phakdisirivichai ◽  
N. Detwattanadet ◽  
N. Samma ◽  
D. Anurakchanaphon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Dark Condition ◽  
Coloring Agents

The aim of this study was focusing on the excipients interaction especially between coloring agents and diluents. There were two coloring agents with different charges ; methylene blue(M) showing positive charge while amaranth(A) giving negative charge but all having same concentration of 0.1% w/w in each mixing batch. There are five types of starch using as diluents; arrowroot starch (W), rice starch (R), cassava starch (S), corn starch (C) and lesser yam starch (l). The physical properties of starch powder and paste (5%w/v) were evaluated as angle of repose and viscosity respectively. While the concentration of both coloring agents were determined by either UV spectroscopy or eye observation. The storage conditions of all samples were kept in both light and dark area for 7 weeks. It was found in powder form that C gave the most stable of M while R gave the worst for m in both light and dark condition. M showed less influences on flow properties of starches than a in a powder state. The flow of C with M gave the best results. The W paste was shown to be the most stable physical properties. M was suitable for S paste in a dark condition. While A was suitable for C, R and W paste in a light condition. The charges of coloring agents might not be a major influence on some physical properties of starch in both powder and paste form.

scholarly journals The Influence of Paper Wraps on the Quality of `d'Anjou' Pears after Controlled Atmosphere Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Drake ◽  
D.C. Elfving ◽  
R.D. Gix
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Black Speck ◽  
Objective Quality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commercial Paper ◽  
Atmosphere Storage

Pears (Pyrus communis `d'Anjou') were packed in six commercial paper wraps (dry; 3% oil; 3% oil with copper and ethoxyquin; 6% oil; 6% oil with ethoxyquin; 9% oil). After packing, the pears were placed in three different controlled atmosphere (CA) storage conditions in commercial CA rooms: 1) 1.5% oxygen (O) and 1% carbon dioxide (CO2); 2) 1.5% O2 and 3% CO2; 3) 1.5% O2 and 1% CO2 for 60 days, 4% O2 for 60 more days and finally 6% O2 for an additional 90 days. Pears were stored in CA for 120 and 210 days, with or without an additional 30 days in regular atmosphere (RA) storage to simulate shipping and handling. Objective quality evaluations were conducted after each storage period and sensory evaluations after 210 days of storage. Paper type influenced both the peel and flesh color of pears before and after ripening, but did not influence firmness, soluble solids or acid content. Subjective ratings of appearance and disorder incidence were unacceptable for pears stored in a variable atmosphere wrapped in dry or paper containing 3% oil. The disorder black speck was present only in pears wrapped in paper with 6% oil and stored in an atmosphere of 1.5% O2 and 1% CO2. Pears stored in an atmosphere of 1.5% O2 and 3% CO2 received acceptable subjective scores regardless of paper type.

Child and Adolescent Suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina Before and After the War (1992–1995)

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Fajkic ◽  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Nestor D. Kapusta ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Evidence on youth suicides from Southeastern Europe is scarce. We are not aware of previous reports from Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experienced war from 1992 to 1995. Durkheim’s theory of suicide predicts decreased suicide rates in wartime and increased rates afterward. Aims: To compare child and adolescent suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina before and after the war. Methods: Data on youth suicide for prewar (1986–90) and postwar (2002–06) periods were analyzed with respect to prevalence, sex and age differences, and suicide methods. Suicide data from 1991 through 2001 were not available. Results: Overall youth suicide rates were one-third lower in the postwar than in the prewar period. This effect was most pronounced for girls, whose postwar suicide rates almost halved, and for 15–19-year-old boys, whose rates decreased by about a one-fourth. Suicides increased among boys aged 14 or younger. Firearm suicides almost doubled proportionally and were the predominant postwar method, while the most common prewar method had been hanging. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate the need for public education in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of firearm accessibility in youth suicide and for instructions on safe storage in households. Moreover, raising societal awareness about suicide risk factors and suicide prevention is needed.

FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLET OF METOCLOPRAMIDE: AN ANTI-EMETIC DRUG

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avilash Carpenter ◽  
M.K. Gupta ◽  
Neetesh Kumar Jain ◽  
Urvashi Sharma ◽  
Rahul Sisodiya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Powder Blend ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
The Stability

Aim: The main of the study is to formulate and develop orally disintegrating fast dissolving tablet of Metoclopramide hydrochloride. Material & Methods: Before formulation and development of selected drug, the standard curve in buffer was prepared and absorbance at selected maxima was taken. Then two different disintegrating agents were selected and drug was mixed with disintegrating agents in different ratio. Various Preformulation parameters and evaluation of tablet i.e. disintegration time, dissolution time, friability, hardness, thickness were measured by standard procedure. Result & Discussion: The angle of repose for all the batches prepared. The values were found to be in the range of 30.46 to 36.45, which indicates good flow property for the powder blend according to the USP. The bulk density and tapped density for all the batches varied from 0.49 to 0.54 g/mL and 0.66 to 0.73, respectively. Carr’s index values were found to be in the range of 23.33 to 25.88, which is satisfactory for the powders as well as implies that the blends have good compressibility. Hausner ratio values obtained were in the range of 1.22 to 1.36, which shows a passable flow property for the powder blend based on the USP. The results for tablet thickness and height for all batches was found to range from 4.45 to 4.72 mm and 3.67 to 3.69 mm, respectively. Hardness or breaking force of tablets for all batches was found to range from 32.8 to 36.2 N. Tablet formulations must show good mechanical strength with sufficient hardness in order to handle shipping and transportation. Friability values for all the formulations were found to be in the range of 0.22 % to 0.30 %. Conclusion: Orally disintegrating tablets were compressed in order to have sufficient mechanical strength and integrity to withstand handling, shipping and transportation. The formulation was shown to have a rapid disintegration time that complied with the USP (less than one minute). The data obtained from the stability studies indicated that the orally disintegrating mini-tablets of MTH were stable under different environmental storage conditions. Keywords: Formulation & Development, Fast Dissolving Tablet, Metoclopramide, Anti-Emetic Drug, Oral Disintegrating Tablet

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Arthroscopy in Arthrosis: Is It Worth it? A case Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232-2235
Author(s):  
Marius Moga ◽  
Mark Edward Pogarasteanu ◽  
Antoine Edu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Loose Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Joint Range

The role of arthroscopy in incipient and mild arthrosis, even combined with proximal tibial ostetomy, is well known and well documented. On the other hand, its role in the treatment of advanced arthrosis of the large joints, especially the knee, is a subject of controversy. The proponents of the use of arthroscopy in advanced arthrosis claim that meniscectomy, synovectomy, ostophytectomy, chondral lesion stabilization, arthroscopic release, plica and loose body removal greatly improve the quality of life for most patients, especially if followed by the use of viscoelastic injection, by diminishing pain and improving joint range of motion. The opponents claim that, even though the advantages are clear in the cases that refuse arthroplasty, in all the other cases the surgical indication should be total knee arthroplasty, as the clinical relief is temporary, but with all the risks of a surgical intervention. We have conducted an overview of the recent literature, in order to find objective evidence to sustain either point of view. We focused on articles published that included an objective measurement of before and after clinical status through clinical scores and objective measurements. We also focused on the follow-up period and on the evolution of the pathology after arthroscopy.

Study of Possible Relation between Fasting Plasma Glucagon, Gestational Diabetes and Development of Type 2 DM

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Okba ◽  
Salwa Seddik Hosny ◽  
Alyaa Elsherbeny ◽  
Manal Mohsin Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Phases

Background and Aims: Women who develop GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) have a relative insulin secretion deficiency, the severity of which may be predictive for later development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the role of fasting plasma glucagon in the prediction of later development of diabetes in pregnant women with GDM. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with GDM after giving informed oral and written consents and being approved by the research ethical committee according to the declaration of Helsinki. The study was conducted in two phases, first phase during pregnancy and the second one was 6 months post-partum, as we measured fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery together with fasting and 2 hour post-prandial plasma sugar. Results: Our findings suggested that glucagon levels significantly increased after delivery in the majority 14/25 (56%) of GDM women who developed type 2 DM within 6 months after delivery compared to 6/20 (30%) patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) and only 22/105 (20%) non DM women, as the median glucagon levels were 80,76, 55, respectively. Also, there was a high statistical difference between fasting plasma glucagon post-delivery among diabetic and non-diabetic women (p ≤ 0.001). These results indicated the useful role of assessing fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery in patients with GDM to predict the possibility of type 2 DM. Conclusion: There is a relatively high glucagon level in GDM patients, which is a significant pathogenic factor in the incidence of subsequent diabetes in women with a history of GDM. This could be important in the design of follow-up programs for women with previous GDM.

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