Corticosteroid therapy in patients with severe COVID-19

The world panorama of disseminating the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is considered a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) with the risk of complications due to the imbalance of immune responses. The present study evaluated whether the use of corticosteroids has scientifically proven efficacy in treating patients with the severe form of COVID-19. It was a cross-sectional and integrative literature review from December 2019 to November 2020 after researching the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. According to the studies analyzed, positive results of corticotherapy were observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the severe form of the disease. It was concluded that steroids are not indicated in the mild form of COVID-19 unless they have other comorbidities, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. Glucocorticoid therapy is relevant in the severe form of SARS-CoV-2, with short-term management and low doses being beneficial. It reduces morbidity and mortality and the length of stay in the ICU.

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Communication and Education Processes Involved in COPD Patient Engagement within the Italian Health System

Transformative Healthcare Practice through Patient Engagement - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0663-8.ch002 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 29-65

Author(s):

Virginia Recchia ◽

Antonio Dodaro ◽

Rosita B. Maglie ◽

Carlo G. Leo

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Patient Engagement ◽

World Health ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Common Cause ◽

The World ◽

Advance Care ◽

Health Organization ◽

Problem Patient

The World Health Organization has estimated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth most common cause of death worldwide. Due to the economic and social extent of the problem, patient engagement must be comprised as a new resource for the achievement of higher health outcomes and lower costs. As many key processes involved in the COPD patient engagement consist of communication and education processes, modelling those processes in a whole framework, including actors and content needs, is a requirement. The main scope of this chapter is contributing to design such a framework within the Italian Health System. Final recommendations suggest to create a synergy among patient engagement and a set of legal tools, namely informed consent, integrated care and advance care planning. The synergy is based on the fact that both patient engagement and those legal tools have a common deep root in the universal principle of patient autonomy.

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DIAGNOSTICS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE: HYPODIAGNISTICS OR HYPERDIAGNOSTICS

EUREKA Health Sciences ◽

10.21303/2504-5679.2017.00340 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 65-72

Author(s):

Nataliya Cherepii ◽

Lesia Rasputina

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Medical Documentation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Severity Degree

According to the data of the world statistics there is observed the continuous growth of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). According to the last data of the World health organization (WHO), for today there is near 250 mln persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and this disease becomes as cause of death of near 3 mln persons annually. Aim: to establish the prevalence of undiagnosed chronic pulmonary disease (COPD) among persons, who consider themselves as healthy ones and regularly undergo medical check-ups; to estimate the frequency of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) according to the data of medical documentation. Methods and materials: 525 persons, older than 35, who did not have in an anamnesis any chronic diseases of respiratory tract, were interrogated. At the following stage, persons, who had taken 18 points or more underwent a spirography with bronchodilatation test, using 400 mcg of salbutamol and were interrogated by the modified questionnaire of short breath by the medical research council (MRC) and test of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease estimation (COPD) (TEC). There were examined 136 patients, mean age (51,5±0,8), men were 81(59,5 %) mean age (52,2±1,1) and women – 55(40,4 %) mean age (50,7±0,9). There were analyzed 56 medical stories of patients, treated at therapeutic departments of the city clinic because of internal organs diseases with the concomitant diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Among persons with first revealed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease у 21 (26,6 %) was reveled І severity degree according to GOLD, in 26 persons (32,9 %) – GOLD ІІ, in 28 (35,4 %) – GOLD ІІІ, in 4 (5,1 %) – GOLD ІV severity degree, so 32 patients did not receive basic treatment at all. At the same time among patients with COPD diagnosis in medical documentation only in 38,4 % this diagnosis was spirographically verified, the hyperdiagnostics of disease on the base of complaints and age characteristic took place in other cases.

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Association between ibuprofen exposure and severe COVID-19 infection: a nationwide register-based study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26247/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kristian Kragholm ◽

Thomas A. Gerds ◽

Emil Fosbøl ◽

Mikkel Porsborg Andersen ◽

Matthew Phelps ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Virus Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Administrative Databases ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Background: Initially, the World Health Organization (WHO) and national health boards issued a warning against NSAID use in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and recommended that paracetamol or acetaminophen instead should be administered. However, later and current WHO and European Medicine Agency recommendations do not call for avoidance of ibuprofen in COVID-19 patients. Given the current uncertainty of drug safety for NSAID use in patients with COVID-19, we performed a nationwide register-based study on the association of recent ibuprofen exposure and COVID-19 severity.Methods: Using national administrative databases, we identified COVID-19 patients in Denmark between end of February 2020 and April 2, 2020. Patients <30 years of age and heart failure, for whom ibuprofen is not recommended, were excluded. Ibuprofen exposure was defined using the Danish National Prescription Registry, where we had information until January 31, 2020. Endpoint was a composite of severe COVID-19 diagnosis with acute respiratory syndrome, intensive care unit admission or death. Results: Among 1,872 patients, 46 (2.5%) were exposed to ibuprofen prior to COVID-19 infection. Patients with recent ibuprofen exposure tended to be older and more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer, though all insignificant (P>0.05). When adjusting for these covariates, odds ratio was 1.57 [95% CI 0.72-3.38], with 12 ibuprofen-exposed patients meeting the endpoint (26.1% [95% CI 13.4-38.8%]) versus 272 unexposed patients (14.9% [95% CI 13.4-16.4%]), P=0.15. Conclusion: The association between ibuprofen and severe COVID-19 was insignificant, although with a trend towards increased disease severity risk.

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Communication and Education Processes Involved in COPD Patient Engagement Within the Italian Health System

Health Care Delivery and Clinical Science ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3926-1.ch008 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 154-181

Author(s):

Virginia Recchia ◽

Antonio Dodaro ◽

Rosita B. Maglie ◽

Carlo G. Leo

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Patient Engagement ◽

World Health ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Common Cause ◽

The World ◽

Advance Care ◽

Health Organization ◽

Problem Patient

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World No Tobacco Day: Tobacco is a Threat to the One Health and Sustainability

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-812320202511.33622018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 4347-4350

Author(s):

Subhash Janardhan Bhore

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

World Health ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Long Run ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

Abstract On 31st May of every year, in honour of the ‘World No Tobacco Day (WNTD),’ the international community does organise various events and encourages avoiding all forms of Tobacco consumption. To commemorate WNTD-2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) has promoted awareness to highlight the link between Tobacco and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because, Tobacco use is the second leading cause of CVD, after high blood pressure. In addition to CVD, Tobacco use is also known to cause many non-communicable diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer and other complicated disorders caused by smoking. In fact, non-communicable diseases are now emerging as the primary disease burden. Globally, Tobacco use kills about 7 million people each year, and if the trend remains the same, then it will kill more than 8 million people per year by 2030. On the contrary, despite promoting awareness, the Tobacco industry is growing with little or no regulation. However, in the long run, the global community will not be able to afford business as usual as Tobacco has a direct impact on human health, environmental health and sustainable development.

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Association Between Ibuprofen Exposure and Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Nationwide Register-Based Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26355/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kristian Kragholm ◽

Thomas A. Gerds ◽

Emil Fosbøl ◽

Mikkel Porsborg Andersen ◽

Matthew Phelps ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Virus Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Administrative Databases ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Background: Initially, the World Health Organization (WHO) and national health boards issued a warning against NSAID use in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and recommended that paracetamol or acetaminophen instead should be administered. However, later and current WHO and European Medicine Agency recommendations do not call for avoidance of ibuprofen in COVID-19 patients. Given the current uncertainty of drug safety for NSAID use in patients with COVID-19, we performed a nationwide register-based study on the association of recent ibuprofen exposure and COVID-19 severity. Methods: Using national administrative databases, we identified COVID-19 patients in Denmark between end of February 2020 and April 2, 2020. Patients <30 years of age and heart failure, for whom ibuprofen is not recommended, were excluded. Ibuprofen exposure was defined using the Danish National Prescription Registry, where we had information until January 31, 2020. Endpoint was a composite of severe COVID-19 diagnosis with acute respiratory syndrome, intensive care unit admission or death. Results: Among 1,872 patients, 46 (2.5%) were exposed to ibuprofen prior to COVID-19 infection. Patients with recent ibuprofen exposure tended to be older and more likely to have hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer, though all insignificant (P>0.05). When adjusting for these covariates, odds ratio was 1.57 [95% CI 0.72-3.38], with 12 ibuprofen-exposed patients meeting the endpoint (26.1% [95% CI 13.4-38.8%]) versus 272 unexposed patients (14.9% [95% CI 13.4-16.4%]), P=0.15. Conclusion: The association between ibuprofen and severe COVID-19 was insignificant, although with a trend towards increased disease severity risk.

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PENGARUH AKSES DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP PERILAKU IBU HAMIL DALAM MELAKUKAN KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PANCUR BATU TAHUN 2015

Elisabeth Health Jurnal ◽

10.52317/ehj.v1i2.202 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

Oktafiana Manurung ◽

Ermawaty Arisandi Siallagan

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

World Health ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Antenatal Visit ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have very bad criteria in terms of health, marriage, employment, education, equality with men. This condition is thought to lead to low maternal access to antenatal care. Goals : Antenatal care in accordance with antenatal care standards may decrease Maternal and Infant Mortality due to regular antenatal care can detect early problems that occur in the mother during pregnancy.Methods : The type of this research is analytical descriptive with cross sectional design which aims to analyze the influence of access and motivation of pregnant mother to mother behavior in doing antenatal visit. The research was conducted in Pancur Batu Puskesmas Working Area. The population is 181 people and the sample size is 61 people. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test.Result : The result of this research indicate that physical accessibility variable is the availability of unrelated officer (p = 0,461) to mother behavior in antenatal visit, social accessibility variable (p = 0,005) and attitude (p = 0,023), and for motivation variable is motive P = 0.005) and expectations (p = 0.019) had a significant effect on maternal behavior in antenatal visits.Conclution : Based on the results of research suggested Head of Pancur Batu Puskesmas to conduct training to officers especially midwives who provide services mainly about hospitality in providing services and to officers implementing services further improve the communication of information and education so that every pregnant women have a good understanding that can eventually cause attitude Positive, high motivation and expectation that can affect the mother in conducting standardized antenatal visits.

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Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Prilaku Pemberian Asi Eksklusif di Kelurahan Tabona Kecamatan Kota Ternate Selatan

Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Ternate ◽

10.32763/juke.v7i2.79 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Karima Soamole

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Complementary Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Survey Method ◽

Additional Food ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Relationship

Abstract : It is estimated that 80% of mothers who gave birth were able to produce milk in quantities sufficient for the purposes of the baby in full without any additional food and according to the World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until the age of 4-6 months baby. Annually, more than 25,000 babies Indonesia and 1.3 million babies around the world can be saved by exclusive breastfeeding in 1999, while according to the 2000 report, the WHO approximately 1.5 million children die because they are not feeding properly, less than 15% infants worldwide are given for four months of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding is often inappropriate and unsafe. This research is explanatory research because it explains the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable through hypothesis testing. The method used in this study is a survey method with cross sectional study design. The population in this study are all mothers who breastfeed in Puskesmas Kalumata 2012. Knowledge of the highest in the category of knowledge of both 81 (95.3%) and the behavior of the Exclusive breastfeeding is highest among respondents with a good knowledge of the 55 categories (67.9%). Respondents' attitudes toward breastfeeding Exclusive showed much respondeng that supports 54 (63.5%) and 31 (36.5%) that does not support exclusive breastfeeding her baby. Family Support tehadap respondents in the most exclusive breastfeeding: supporting respondents in exclusive breastfeeding her baby 64 (75.3%) and 21 (24.7%) who did not support the.

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Measles Distribution Map according to Measles Immunization and Vitamin A Coverage

Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi ◽

10.20473/jbe.v7i12019.51-59 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Vika Gress Vio Dilita ◽

Lucia Yovita Hendrati

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

World Health ◽

Sample Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Measles Incidence

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia is one of the ten countries with the most significant number of measles cases in the world. Immunization coverage in Trenggalek Regency has reached the target of prevention of measles in the elimination stage, namely measles immunization coverage> 95%, the incidence of measles persists and increases in the last three years, from 2013 to 2015. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the trends between measles immunization status and the provision of vitamin A with the incidence of measles in Trenggalek Regency. Methods: This type of research is an observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The sample population is consist of 14 sub-districts in Trenggalek Regency. Data was taken from the health profile of Trenggalek Regency in 2013, 2014, and 2015. In this study, data processing were analysed by Health Mapper application version 4.3.0.0 with product version 4.03 to determine data descriptively. Results: Distribution of measles incidence with immunization coverage in Trenggalek Regency in 2013, 2014, and 2015 showed that measles incidence tended to increase followed with the decreasing number of measles immunization coverage each year. Ironically, the distribution of measles incidence with vitamin A administration in 2013, 2014, and 2015 showed the incidence of measles had increased because of the inconsistent amount of vitamin A administration. Conclusion: Measles incidence tends to occur in low immunization coverage areas and has decreased from the previous year. Giving vitamin A does not prevent the occurrence of measles, but serves to reduce compilation.

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High risk individuals in COVID-19 pandemic; an updated review

Immunopathologia Persa ◽

10.34172/ipp.2021.25 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. e25-e25

Author(s):

Rojin Chegini ◽

Alireza Bolurian ◽

Zahra Mojtahedi ◽

Masoud Hafizi

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Organ Transplant ◽

Risk Groups ◽

World Health ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Solid Organ ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Gastrointestinal Complications ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Health Organization

In December 2019, cases of pneumonia with an unknown pathogen were reporting in Wuhan city, China. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized it as a pandemic, on March 11, 2020. The most frequent site of involvement is the respiratory system. The most common symptoms include cough, fatigue and fever. In some cases, neurological, respiratory and gastrointestinal complications can lead to death. Inflammatory cytokines can play a major role in pathogen damage. Due to the pandemic of COVID-19 and its severe complications, it is critical to identify the high-risk groups. Since this disease has a rapid transmission, following the instructions announced by the WHO, prevention is vital, especially in people with risk factors for disease complications and mortality. According to the latest reports by CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), older age and having some medical conditions such as smoking, obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, cancer, solid organ transplant, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, and sickle cell anemia in younger adults are known disease severity risk factor.

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