scholarly journals Glycerin and cashew and castor oils inclusion in the diets of Purunã bulls finished in feedlot on fatty acid percentage in the Longissimus dorsi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. e66101319844
Author(s):  
Fernando Zawadzki ◽  
Elton Guntendorfer Bonafé ◽  
Venicio Macedo Carvalho ◽  
Ana Carolina Pelaes Vital ◽  
Mariana Garcia Ornaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Perirenal Fat ◽  
Natural Additives ◽  
Acid Percentage

This work was carried out to study the glycerin and cashew and castor oils inclusion as natural additives on fatty acid composition of perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and muscle Longissimus thoracis of Purunã bulls finished in feedlot for 252 days. A total of 32 Purunã bulls (11-12 ± 2.0 months; 202.8 ± 14.4 kg) were finished in feedlot with 4 diets (n = 8): CONT – basal diet; VOIL – basal diet and inclusion of vegetable oils (3 g/animal/day); GLYC – basal diet and inclusion of glycerin (20.1% glycerin in DM basis); GLVO – basal diet and inclusion of glycerin (20.1% glycerin in DM basis) and vegetal oils (3 g/animal/day). Glycerin inclusion reduced SFA, MUFA and PUFA levels in the diets. Glycerin and vegetable oils inclusion in the diets of bulls finished in feedlot did not change (P > 0.05) lauric, myristic, palmitic, docosanoic, n-7-tetradecenoic, palmitoleic, n-11 trans-vaccenic, oleic, n-7 cis-vaccenic, cis-9, t11 – CLA, n-3 docosapentaenoic and n-3 docosahexaenoic fatty acids levels in perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle of bulls finished in feedlot. However, glycerin inclusion in the diets increased (P < 0.05) pentadecanoic, margaric and n-9, cis-10 heptadecanoic fatty acids levels when compared of perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle of bulls fed CONT and VOIL diets. On the other hand, glycerin inclusion decreased (P < 0.05) linoleic fatty acid in perirenal fat, subcutaneous fat and Longissimus thoracis muscle in comparison of CONT and VOIL diets. Glycerin and vegetables oils inclusion in the diets did not alter (P > 0.05) SFA and MUFA levels in perirenal fat from bulls fed four diets. The PUFA, n-6 and n-3 levels and PUFA:SFA and n-6:n-3 ratios were similar (P > 0.05) between perirenal fat of bulls fed CONT and VOIL diets and greater (P < 0.05) when compared of perirenal fat from bulls fed GLYC and GLVO diets. SFA, MUFA levels and n-6 and n-3 ratios were similar (P > 0.05) among all diets. PUFA and MUFA levels in fat subcutaneous and n-6:n3 ratio were similar (P > 0.05) between GLYC and GLVO diets, but greater than CONT and GLYC diets. Total fatty acids sum levels in Longissimus thoracis muscle were similar (P > 0.05) among bulls from all diets, except the lowest levels in bulls from GLYC and GLVO diets in comparison to CONT and VOIL diets. In conclusion glycerin inclusion in the diets modifies fatty acids in fat and muscle of bulls finished in feed-lot.

scholarly journals Changes in Fatty Acid Composition and Distribution of N-3 Fatty Acids in Goat Tissues Fed Different Levels of Whole Linseed

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaleldin Abuelfatah ◽  
Md. Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Awis Qurni Sazili
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Perirenal Fat

The effects of feeding different levels of whole linseed on fatty acid (FA) composition of muscles and adipose tissues of goat were investigated. Twenty-four Crossed Boer bucks were assigned randomly into three treatment diets: L0, L10, or L20, containing 0%, 10%, or 20% whole linseed, respectively. The goats were slaughtered after 110 days of feeding. Samples from thelongissimus dorsi,supraspinatus,semitendinosus, and subcutaneous fat (SF) and perirenal fat (PF) were taken for FA analyses. In muscles, the average increments inα-linolenic (ALA) and total n-3 PUFA were 6.48 and 3.4, and 11.48 and 4.78 for L10 and L20, respectively. In the adipose tissues, the increments in ALA and total n-3 PUFA were 3.07- and 6.92-fold and 3.00- and 7.54-fold in SF and PF for L10 and L20, respectively. The n-6 : n-3 ratio of the muscles was decreased from up to 8.86 in L0 to 2 or less in L10 and L20. The PUFA : SFA ratio was increased in all the tissues of L20 compared to L0. It is concluded that both inclusion levels (10% and 20%) of whole linseed in goat diets resulted in producing meat highly enriched with n-3 PUFA with desirable n-6 : n-3 ratio.

Prediction of Fatty Acid Content in Beef Neck Lean by near Infrared Reflectance Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Windham ◽  
W.H. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the prediction of individual and total fatty acids of bovine M. Longissimus dorsi neck muscles has been studied. Beef neck lean was collected from meat processing establishments using advanced meat recovery systems and hand-deboning. Samples ( n = 302) were analysed to determine fatty acid (FA) composition and scanned from 400 to 2498 nm. Total saturated and unsaturated FA values ranged from 43.2 to 62.0% and 38.3 to 56.2%, respectively. Results of partial least squares (PLS) modeling shown reasonably accurate models were attained for total saturate content [standard error of performance ( SEP = 1.10%); coefficient of determination on the validation set ( r2 = 0.77)], palmitic ( SEP = 0.94%; r2 = 0.69), unsaturate ( SEP = 1.13%; r2 = 0.77), and oleic ( SEP = 0.97; r2 = 0.78). Prediction of other individual saturated and unsaturated FAs was less accurate with an r2 range of 0.10 to 0.53. However, the sum of individual predicted saturated and unsaturated FA was acceptable compared with the reference method ( SEP = 1.10 and 1.12%, respectively). This study shows that NIR can be used to predict accurately total fatty acids in M. Longissimus dorsi muscle.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

Effects of flavonoids from Allium mongolicum Regel as a dietary additive on meat quality and composition of fatty acids related to flavor in lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangjing Liu ◽  
He Ding ◽  
Khas Erdene ◽  
Renwei Chen ◽  
Qier Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Meat Flavor

Sixty male Small-tailed Han sheep (initial body weight: 42.5 ± 4.1 kg) were assigned randomly and averagely into four groups to evaluate effects of flavonoids extracted from Allium mongolicum Regel (AMR) on meat quality and composition of fatty acids related to flavor in longissimus dorsi muscle of lambs. Lambs of four groups were fed a basal control diet (C), and basal diet + three different amounts of flavonoids extracted from the AMR; those were 11 mg kg−1 (Flav 11), 22 mg kg−1 (Flav 22), or 33 mg kg−1 (Flav 33), respectively. Dressing percentage, loin eye area, cooking loss, and pressing loss were affected by treatments (P < 0.05). Percentage of intramuscular fat, the concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid, C18:0, total saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acid, and 4-methyloctanoic acid in longissimus dorsi muscle were changed by treatments (P < 0.05). Addition of AMR to diet improved the meat quality and had favorable effects on fatty acid composition related to meat flavor in longissimus dorsi muscle.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding tuna oil on the lipid composition of pig spermatozoa and in vitro characteristics of semen

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Rooke ◽  
CC Shao ◽  
BK Speake
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Tuna Oil ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of feeding tuna oil on the lipid and fatty acid composition of boar spermatozoa and to relate changes in composition to boar semen characteristics. Ten boars were paired by age and allocated to one of two diets (five boars per diet). The diets, which were offered for 6 weeks, consisted of a basal diet that was either unsupplemented or supplemented with 30 g tuna oil kg(-1) diet. Adding tuna oil to the diet increased the ether extract concentration of the diets fed from 65 to 92 g kg(-1) dry matter and supplied 10.5 g long chain polyunsaturated (n-3) fatty acids per 100 g total fatty acids. There were no changes in semen fatty acid composition after 3 weeks of feeding tuna oil. However, after 5 and 6 weeks, the proportions (g per 100 g total fatty acids) of 22:6(n-3) in sperm phospholipid fatty acids were increased from 34.5 to 42.9 g by feeding tuna oil and 22:5(n-6) decreased from 29.8 to 17.9 g. No changes were observed in other sperm lipids or seminal plasma phospholipids as a result of the diets fed. Feeding tuna oil increased the proportion of spermatozoa with progressive motility and with a normal acrosome score and reduced the proportion of spermatozoa with abnormal morphologies.

Mammary gland and milk fatty acid composition of two dairy goat breeds under feed-restriction

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Palma ◽  
Susana P. Alves ◽  
Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano ◽  
Juan Capote ◽  
Noemí Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Acid Percentage

Goat dairy products are an important source of animal protein in the tropics. During the dry season, pasture scarcity leads animals to lose up to 40% of their body weight, a condition known as Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL) that is one of the major constraints in ruminant production. Breeds with high tolerance to SWL are relevant to understand the physiological responses to pasture scarcity so they could be used in programs for animal breeding. In the Canary Islands there are two dairy goat breeds with different levels of tolerance to SWL: the Palmera, susceptible to SWL; and the Majorera, tolerant to SWL. Fat is one of the milk components most affected by environmental and physiological conditions. This study hypothesises that feed-restriction affects Majorera and Palmera breeds differently, leading to different fatty acid profiles in the mammary gland and milk. An interaction between breed and feed-restriction was observed in the mammary gland. Feed-restriction was associated with an increase in oleic acid and a decrease in palmitic acid percentage in the Palmera breed whereas no differences were observed in the Majorera breed. Palmitic and oleic acids together constituted around 60% of the total fatty acids identified, which suggests that Palmera breed is more susceptible to SWL. In milk, feed-restriction affected both breeds similarly. Regarding the interaction of the breed with the treatment, we also observed similar responses in both breeds, but this influence affects only around 2% of the total fatty acids. In general, Majorera breed is more tolerant to feed-restriction.

Effect of variations in dietary protein and of supplements of cod-liver oil on energy digestion and microbial synthesis in the rumen of sheep fed hay and concentrates

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Sutton ◽  
R. H. Smith ◽  
A. B. McAllan ◽  
J. E. Storry ◽  
D. A. Corse
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Proximal Duodenum ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

SUMMARYEstimates have been made of the amount of energy fermented and the amounts of microbial protein and total fatty acids synthesized in the rumen of sheep given various rations of hay and concentrates. The sheep had re-entrant cannulas in the proximal duodenum. The amount of protein synthesized was calculated from the flow of RNA-N at the duodenum. The change in the amount of total fatty acids between the food and the proximal duodenum was also measured.In Expt 1, six sheep were given a low-protein basal diet and the same diet supplemented with a vegetable protein concentrate with or without tannin treatment. Some 72% of the digestible energy was apparently digested in the rumen and an estimated 150–170 g microbial protein were synthesized per kg organic matter apparently digested in the rumen. Differences due to the dietary treatments in the amount of energy digested and the amount of microbial protein synthesized were small and non-significant.In Expt 2, the effect of a supplement of 20 g/day of cod-liver oil (CLO) on digestion of a mixed diet of hay and concentrates was examined in five sheep. Despite a marked fall in the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in the rumen volatile fatty acids when CLO was added, there were no clear differences in the amount of energy fermented in the rumen, which averaged 64% of the digestible energy, or in the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis, which averaged 200 g/kg organic matter apparently digested in the rumen. On the basal diet an increase of 6·7 g total fatty acid/day occurred in the stomach. This was presumably synthesized in the rumen. However when CLO was added to the diet, a decrease of 4·1 g total fatty acid/day was measured.

scholarly journals The fatty acid profiles in M. longissimus dorsi and M. semimembranosus of short-haired and long-haired crossbred sheep meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03051
Author(s):  
Pattraphorn Patthararangsarith ◽  
Kunya Tuntivisoottikul
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Interaction Factor ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of crossbred groups and anatomical muscle positions on the chemical composition and fatty acid profiles in the loin (M. longissimus dorsi) and chump (M. semimembranosus) muscles of the short-haired and long-haired crossbred sheep. Five sheep per group with the 25 kg initial body weight were fed with 2 kg/d TMR and free choice grass (Brachiaria mutica), and those were raised 84 days. After slaughter, loin and chump were used to examine the chemical composition and fatty acid profiles. The results showed that the loin from the short-haired and long-haired crossbreds had Palmitic acid at the highest level among the other saturated fatty acid (SFA), whereas this fatty acid was not detected in the chump. However, the highest SFA in the chump of both crossbreds was the Stearic acid. Furthermore, the fatty acids in both groups were detected in the chump more than in the loin. There was found that the nutritional values were not affected by sheep crossbred groups (P>0.05). The loin and chump had affected the percentage of crude protein (P<0.01), the amount of Lauric Acid (C12:0), and the total fatty acids (P<0.01). Interaction factor between the crossbred groups and the anatomical muscle positions was unaffected all the traits studied (P>0.05).

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acid composition of chicken plasma fed diets varying in LA to ALA ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 902 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
L R Kartikasari ◽  
R J Hughes ◽  
M S Geier ◽  
R A Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Pufa

Abstract The impact of dietary supplementation of a vegetable source of n-3 fat in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) on the accumulation of n-3 fatty acids in plasma chicken was investigated. Sixty unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated to six diets (n=10 birds/diet) for 4 weeks. The birds were fed a proprietary starter commercial feed for the first two days after hatch. Six dietary treatments ranging in fat content from 5 to 10% were prepared by supplementing the basal diet with vegetable oils. The ALA levels varied from 1 to 8% energy (%en). The n-6 fatty acid linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) level was limited to less than 5%en. Results showed that the metabolites of dietary ALA, EPA, DPA, and DHA in plasma tissues increased in a curvilinear manner as dietary ALA increased, achieving 3- to 13-fold compared to the levels in the control birds (P<0.001). The total PUFA content of plasma samples increased (P<0.001) due to increasing the diets’ ALA content, achieving 41.20% of the total fatty acids when the LA to ALA ratio of diets was at the lowest level. The increase in total PUFA was mainly due to an increase in total n-3 PUFA.

Examination of the persistency of milk fatty acid composition responses to plant oils in cows given different basal diets, with particular emphasis ontrans-C18:1fatty acids and isomers of conjugated linoleic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roy ◽  
A. Ferlay ◽  
K. J. Shingfield ◽  
Y. Chilliard
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIt is well established that plant oils reduce milk saturated fatty acid content and enhance concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans C18:1in milk fat, but there is increasing evidence to suggest that milk fat CLA responses are often transient and decline over time. It is probable that time dependent adaptations in ruminal biohydrogenation and changes in milk fatty acid composition to lipid supplements are, at least in part, related to the composition of the basal diet. To test this hypothesis, 18 Holstein cows were used in a continuous randomized block design to examine changes in milk fatty acid composition over time in response to plant oils included in diets of variable composition. Cows were randomly allocated to one of three basal diets containing (g/kg dry matter (DM)) maize silage (267) and concentrates (733) (diet C); maize silage (332), grass hay (148) and concentrates (520) (diet M), or grass hay (642) and concentrates (358) (diet H). Basal rations were offered for 21 days, after which diets were supplemented with 50 g sunflower per kg DM (diets C-S and M-S) or 50 g linseed oil per kg DM (diet H-L). Oils were included in all rations incrementally over a five day period (days 0–4), and responses to 50 g/kg DM of the respective oils were evaluated for 17 days (days 4 to 20). Milk fatty acid composition was intensively monitored from days −2 to 20. In contrast to the H-L diet, both C-S and M-S treatments decreased (P<0·05) DM intake, milk fat content and yield, while the C-S diet also reduced (P<0·05) milk yield. Milk fatcis-9,trans-11 CLA andtrans-11 C18:1contents were enhanced on the C-S and M-S treatments but the increases were transient reaching the highest concentrations between days 4 and 6 (cis-9,trans-11 CLA: 1·94 and 2·18 g per 100 g total fatty acids;trans-11 C18:1: 4·88 and 6·23 g per 100 g total fatty acids, respectively) but declined thereafter. In marked contrast, concentrations ofcis-9,trans-11 CLA andtrans-11 C18:1in milk from the H-L diet increased gradually over time, responses that were maintained until the end of the experiment (2·89 and 7·49 g per 100 g total fatty acids, respectively).Decreases in milk fatcis-9,trans-11 CLA andtrans-11 C18:1after day 6 on the M-S and C-S diets were associated with concomitant increases in milk fattrans-10 C18:1content reaching 7·22 and 18·62 g per 100 g total fatty acids on day 18, respectively, whereas concentrations oftrans-10 C18:1in milk on the H-L diet remained low throughout the experiment (0·70 g per 100 g total fatty acids on day 18). Furthermore, milk fattrans-11,cis-13 CLA,trans-11,trans-13 CLA andtrans-12,trans-14 CLA contents were all enhanced on the H-L diet, while the M-S and C-S diets increasedtrans-8,cis-10 CLA,trans-10,cis-12 CLA andtrans-9,cis-11 CLA concentrations. Across all diets, decreases in milk fat content were associated with increases in milktrans-10 C18:1,trans-10,cis-12 andtrans-9,cis-11 CLA concentrations (r2=0·93, 0·88 and 0·89, respectively). In conclusion, the relative abundance oftransC18:1and CLA isomers in milk fat were dependent on the composition of the basal diet, type of plant oil and duration of lipid supplementation, highlighting the challenges in developing nutritional strategies for the production of milk highly enriched with CLA over an extended period of time.

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