scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPAL’S MANAGERIAL ABILITY AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN KECAMATAN TAMBAKROMO, KABUPATEN PATI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Wiwik Subekti ◽  
Suad Suad ◽  
Gunawan Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
T Test ◽  
Managerial Ability ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Test Result

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the Principal's managerial ability on teachers’ performance, the effect of work discipline on teachers’ performance, and the influence of Principal’s managerial ability and work discipline in multiple ways on teachers’ performance. This research was conducted at SD Negeri in Kecamatan Tambakromo, Kabupaten Pati. The type of this study was quantitative research through survey methods to elementary school teachers in Kecamatan Tambakromo, Kabupaten Pati. The samples in this study were 191 respondents, which was selected through incidental techniques. The data collection technique was by giving a questionnaire to the teachers. The data analysis test used validity, reliability, classic assumption tests and multiple linear tests which were processed by using IBM SPSS 24. The results showed the following: (1) Principal’s managerial ability (X1) was proven to have a significant effect on teachers’ performance in SD Negeri in Kecamatan Tambakromo, Kabupaten Pati. The t-test result showed that the sig value. Was equal to 0.000 < 0.05 and tcount 6.520 > ttable 1.9727. (2) Work discipline (X2) was proven to have a significant effect on teachers’ performance in SD Negeri in Kecamatan Tambakromo, Kabupaten Pati. The t-test result showed that the sig value was equal to 0.000 <0.05 and the value of tcount 7.206 > ttable 1.9727. (3) Principal’s managerial ability and work discipline simultaneously proved to have a significant effect on teachers’ performance in SD Negeri in Kecamatan Tambakromo, Kabupaten Pati. The results of the F-test showed that the sig. was equal to 0.000 < 0.05 and the value of fcount 229.714 > ftabel 3.04 and simultaneously influenced the teachers’ performance variable (Y) of 71%.

Affection Levels of Educational Facilities on the Instructional Function of Teachers

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando L. Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Public Elementary School ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Elementary Schools

The study is a descriptive analysis of the ‘Affection Levels of Educational Facilities on the Instructional Function of Teachers’. The respondents of the study were the public elementary school teachers in Basilan Schools Division, Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). The study covered 9 central, and 9 noncentral public elementary schools. A stratified random sampling was adopted in this study. A two - part survey questionnaire was used. One part of the instrument drew information about the demographic profile of the public elementary school teachers. Part two of the questionnaire determined the affection and adequacy levels of the educational facilities in Public Elementary Schools, as perceived by the public elementary schools teachers, in terms of physical features, indoor environment, equipment and utilities, media and technology, and safety and security features. The findings revealed that, the educational facilities in public elementary schools in the Basilan, moderately affect the instructional function of the teachers. The Equipment and Utilities elements affect the instructional function of teachers to the greatest extent. The Safety & Security Features affect the instructional function of teachers to the least extent.   Keywords - Affection, Educational Facilities, Public Elementary Schools, Basilan, Autonomous Region for Muslim Mindanao

scholarly journals KETERLAKSANAAN KURIKULUM 2013 MATA PELAJARAN PENJASORKES DI SEKOLAH DASAR SE-KECAMATAN MELIAU

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Widia Tri Eksanurianto ◽  
Eka Supriatna ◽  
Fitriana Puspa Hidasari
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
High Category ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Research Type ◽  
Very High

Abstract: Public Elementary Schools in Meliau District have not been able to implement the 2013 curriculum, due to incomplete supporting facilities to implement the 2013 curriculum. The aim of this research is to achieve know the implementation of the 2013 curriculum for Physical Education subjects in Elementary Schools in Meliau District. This research is a quantitative research with descriptive research type, with survey methods and data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The subjects in this study were 28 teachers of PJOK SD in Meliau District. To analyze the data used descriptive statistics with percentages. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the implementation of the 2013 curriculum for physical education and health services in elementary schools throughout Meliau District in implementing the 2013 curriculum is in the very high category of 0%, the high category is 7.1%, the moderate category is 67.9%, the low category is 21.4 % and very low category of 3.6%. Based on these results it can be concluded that the implementation of the 2013 curriculum for Physical Education subjects in Elementary Schools in Meliau District is mostly in the medium category.Keywords: Elementary schools, implementation of PJOK teachers, Implementation of the 2013 curriculumAbstrak: Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kabupaten Meliau belum mampu melaksanakan kurikulum 2013, dikarenakan fasilitas pendukung yang belum lengkap untuk melaksanakan kurikulum 2013. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani di Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Meliau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, dengan metode survei dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 28 guru SD PJOK di Kabupaten Meliau. Untuk menganalisis data digunakan statistik deskriptif dengan persentase. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Pendidikan Jasmani dan Pelayanan Kesehatan di Sekolah Dasar se-Kabupaten Meliau dalam melaksanakan Kurikulum 2013 berada pada kategori sangat tinggi yaitu 0% kategori tinggi 7,1. %, kategori sedang 67.9%, kategori rendah 21.4% dan kategori sangat rendah 3.6%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi kurikulum 2013 mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani di Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Meliau sebagian besar berada pada kategori sedang.Kata Kunci: Sekolah Dasar, Penerapan Guru PJOK, Penerapan Kurikulum 2013

scholarly journals Improving on Teacher Performance Transformational Leadership Head of School and Work Motivation in Public Elementary Schools in Tayu District, Pati Regency"

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harkati Harkati ◽  
Sukirman Sukirman ◽  
Gunawan Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Teacher Performance ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Data Collection Technique

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the transformational leadership head of school  on teacher performance, the effect of work motivation on teacher performance, and the influence of transformational leadership head of school and work motivation in multiple ways on teacher performance. This research was conducted at the State Elementary Schools in Tayu District, Pati Regency. The type of research used is quantitative research through correlation . The number of samples in this study was 144 respondents. The data collection technique was by giving a questionnaire to the teachers. The data analysis test used validity, reliability, classic assumption tests and multiple linear tests which were processed using IBM SPSS 24. The results showed the following: (1) Transformational leadership head of school  (X1) was proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance in State Elementary Schools in Tayu District, Pati Regency. (2) Work motivation (X2) is proven to have a significant effect on teacher performance in State Elementary Schools in Tayu District, Pati Regency. (3) Transformational leadership head of school and work motivation and compensation simultaneously proved to have a significant effect on teacher performance in State Elementary Schools in Tayu District, Pati Regency of 77,6%.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Media Literasi Kelas Awal di Sekolah Dasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Elfia Sukma ◽  
Tin Indrawati ◽  
Ari Suriani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Average Score ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Public Elementary School ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Early Grade

The purpose of sending it to the community is to train teachers in using early grade literacy media in elementary schools. The method used in the form of training to teachers in using media literacy. Participants in the service are 18 Air Tawar Selatan elementary school teachers and 25 Air Tawar Selatan public elementary schools, 22 Koto Tangah District Padang City. Based on the training results it can be seen that the average score of the pre-test participants was 69.54 and the average value of reading poetry after the training was 78.18. Thus it can be seen that the ability of 18 Air Tawar Selatan public elementary school teachers and 25 Air Tawar Selatan public elementary school Koto Tangah District, Padang City have improved after the training in the use of early grade literacy media.

TINGKAT STRES KERJA DAN STRATEGI KOPING GURU SD DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Nadia Yuli Pertiwi ◽  
Ice Yulia Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central District ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Moderate Stress

Kualitas guru sangat mempengaruhi pendidikan pada setiap jenjangnya termasuk jenjang sekolah dasar. Profesi guru termasuk salah satu pekerjaan yang memiliki tingkat stres kerja yang tinggi. Salah satu penyebab stres adalah kurikulum pendidikan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat stres kerja dan strategi koping guru sekolah dasar negeri dalam implementasi kurikulum 2013 di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif sederhana dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 222 guru di sekolah dasar negeri Kecamatan Bogor Tengah yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa sebesar (81,5%) guru mengalami stres sedang. Penjabaran dari dimensi stres kerja yaitu dimensi peran kerja individu (ORQ), dimensi beban kerja individu (PSQ), dan dimensi sumber daya yang dimiliki (PRQ) menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas guru mengalami stres sedang pada ketiga kategori tersebut. Adapun jenis strategi koping yang paling sering digunakan adalah problem focused coping (54,6%). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar perawat dapat bekerja sama dengan pihak sekolah dasar negeri untuk memfasilitasi kegiatan yang dapat meminimalkan kejadian stres kerja dengan penggunaan strategi koping yang tepat.   Kata kunci: Guru sekolah dasar negeri, stres kerja, kurikulum 2013, strategi koping   THE LEVEL OF STRESS AND COPING STRATEGY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN IMPLEMENTATION OF CURRICULUM 2013   ABSTRACT Teachers quality is greatly influence education at the whole level of education including elementary school level. Teachers are one of the jobs with high levels of work stress. One of the causes of work stress is  educational curriculum. This study aims to determine the level of stress and coping strategy of elementary school teachers in implementation of curriculum 2013 in Bogor Central District, Bogor. The design in this research used descriptive quantitative with cross sectional approach. This study involved 222 elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central District selected by purposive sampling. The results of this study illustrate the majority of elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central District (81,5%) experience moderate stress. Each dimension of work stress, occupational role (ORQ), personal strain (PSQ) and personal resources (PRQ) show that the majority of teachers experience moderate stress. The type of coping strategy that is most often used by elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central Districtis is problem focused coping (54,6%). The results of this study recommend nurses to be able for collaboration with school to facilitate activities that could reduce stress and use appropriate coping strategies.   Keywords: Elementary School Teacher, work stress, curriculum 2013, coping strategy

KONTRIBUSI KOMITMEN GURU PADA TUGAS DAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL SECARA BERSAMA-SAMA TERHADAP IKLIM KERJA SAMA GURU SD NEGERI DI KECAMATAN JAYA BARU KOTA BANDA ACEH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhaidah M. Insya Musa ◽  
Alfiati Syafrina
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Good Relation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Banda Aceh

Theaim of thisresearch wasto investigatedthe contributionof togetherly teacher's commitmen to interpersonal task and communication to ward state elementary school teachers collaborations ceneat Jaya Baru sub-district, city of Banda Aceh. There were 26 respondent sofel ementary steacherat Jaya Baru sub-districtmilieu, city of Banda Aceh. There sult sof this research showed that: (1) thereisrelationship between commitment (X1) and Y which significant to correlation value 0.635. It showed that commit ment have good relation ship with collaboration of teacher, (2) the correlationship between interpersonal communication (X2) and Y were significant with correlation value 0 .535. It showed that interpersonal communication hav enormal relationship with teacher's collaboration, and (3) Relationship togetherly between interpersonal commitment and communication with teacher's collaboration sceneasbigas 0.728. In other words, the relationship between the irorganization and capability 100% have not metyet requisite of being professionally teacher and to create the collaboration sphere which it should be. It alsomean that their collaboration scene isnot completeyet so that it need to bemore in creased infuturein order to getbetter quality for elementary schools at Meuraxa sub-district, city of Banda Aceh.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH, KOMUNIKASI, DAN KOMITMEN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Suriansyah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School Culture ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan: budaya sekolah dengan kinerja guru; komunikasi dengan kinerja guru; budaya sekolah dengan komitmen; komunikasi dengan komitmen, komitmen dengan kinerja guru; budaya sekolah dengan kinerja melalui komitmen; komunikasi dengan kinerja guru melalui komitmen. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 250 orang guru di 100 Sekolah yang dipilih secara stratified proporsional random sampling dari populasi sebesar 2.276 orang guru yang tersebar di 274 SD Negeri di Kota Banjarmasin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriftip dan analisi jalur. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa budaya sekolah memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja, komunikasi memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja, budaya sekolah memiliki hubungan dengan komitmen, komunikasi memiliki hubungan dengan komitmen, komitmen memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja guru, komitmen merupakan perantara hubugan budaya sekolah dengan kinerja guru dan hubungan komunikasi dengan kinerja guru. Kata Kunci: budaya sekolah, komunikasi, komitmen, kinerja THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL CULTURE, COMMUNICATION, AND COMMITMENT AND THE STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE Abstract: This study was aimed to describe the relationship between: school culture and tea- chers’ performance; communication and teachers’ commitment; school culture and commitment; communication and commitment; commitment and teachers’ performance; school culture and performance through commitment; communication and teachers’ performance through commitment. The sample consisting of 250 teachers from 100 schools was selected using the stratified proportional random sampling technique from a population of 2,276 teachers teaching in 274 state elementary schools in Banjarmasin Municipality. The data were collected using an instrument which had been validated and which was reliable. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis and the path analysis. The findings showed that there was relationship between: school culture and teachers’ performance, communication and performance, school culture and commitment, communication and commitment, commitment and teachers’ performance. Commitment became an intervening variable between school culture and teachers’ performance and between communication and teachers’ performance. Keywords: school culture, communication, commitment, performance

scholarly journals PERSEPSI GURU TENTANG KEMAMPUAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD MUHAMMADIYAH SE KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dinda Permata Sari ◽  
Muhammad Akmansyah ◽  
Achi Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Teacher Perceptions ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Managerial Ability ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Teacher's Perception

The focus of this study was to determine the effect of teacher perceptions about the principal's managerial ability and work motivation on the performance of teachers at Muhammadiyah Elementary School in Bandar Lampung City. This research uses associative quantitative research with a total population of 123 teachers and a sample of 94 teachers. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the effect of teacher perceptions about the principal's managerial ability and work motivation on teacher performance was 54.9% while the remaining 45.1% was influenced by other factors. So it can be concluded that the better the teacher's perception of the principal's managerial ability and work motivation, the higher the teacher's performance.

scholarly journals Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar Pada Era Pandemi Covid 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Al Ghozali ◽  
Sri Fatmawati
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
School Level ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Survey Research Methods

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected all sectors of human activity, including the education sector. The pandemic forced learning activities to be carried out online (online). Of course this is a new habit especially at the elementary school level where the learning process is carried out face-to-face in full. In overcoming these problems, various distance learning media in the form of applications were introduced to students and parents. However, there is an application that is familiarly used by students and parents of students that can be used for the online learning process, namely the Whatsapp application. The purpose of this study is to look at the online learning process in elementary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic era. This study uses a qualitative approach with survey research methods. The research subjects were teachers of SDN 1 Kalipasung in Cirebon Regency as well as research informants. The data collection technique was carried out by conducting in-depth interviews related to the process of implementing online learning for elementary school teachers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The activity of analyzing and presenting research data is carried out descriptively. The results of this study are Online Learning in Elementary Schools During the Covid 19 Pandemic Era, especially at SDN Kalipasung 1 when viewed from the learning process, it is only used as a means of sending assignments, but the learning process does not involve WhatsApp media completely. In the aspect of supervision, the teacher is also not fully able to monitor the student learning process, as a result, the teacher must cooperate with parents in conducting supervision. The responses of parents and students related to the online learning process stated that they wanted to return to carrying out normal learning (face to face) as usual because they felt they were not used to online learning. Abstrak Pendemi Covid-19 telah mempengaruhi segala sektor aktifitas kegiatan manusia, termasuk sektor pendidikan. Pandemi tersebut memaksa kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan secara dalam jaringan (daring). Tentu ini menjadi kebiasan baru apalagi di jenjang sekolah dasar yang mana proses pembelajaran dilakukan secara tatap muka secara penuh. Dalam mengatasi permasalah tersebut, berbagai media pembelajaran jarak jauh dalam bentuk aplikasi mulai diperkenalkan kepada siswa maupun orangtua siswa. Namun ada aplikasi yang familiar digunakan oleh siswa maupun orang tua siswa yang dapat digunakan untuk proses pembelajaran daring yakni aplikasi Whatsapp. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk melihat proses pembelajaran daring di sekolah dasar pada era panedemi Covid – 19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian survei. Subjek penelitian ialah guru-guru SDN 1 Kalipasung yang ada di Kabupaten Cirebon sekaligus menjadi informan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam (In-depth Interview) terkait proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring guru Sekolah Dasar selama pandemik Covid-19. Kegiatan analisis dan penyajian data hasil penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini yakni Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar  Pada Era Pandemi Covid 19 khususnya di SDN Kalipasung 1 jika ditinjau dari proses pembelajarannya hanya dijadikan sebagai sarana pengiriman tugas, tetapi proses pembelajaran tidak melibatkan media whatsapp sepenuhnya. Dalam aspek pengawasan juga tidak sepenuhnya guru dapat memantau proses belajar siswa, alhasil guru harus bekerjasama dengan orang tua dalam melakukan pengawasan. Adapun respon orangtua siswa dan siswa terkait dengan proses pembelajaran daring menyatakan ingin kembali melaksanakan pembelajaran secara normal (tatap muka) seperti biasa karena merasa belum terbiasa dengan pembelajaran daring.

scholarly journals Relevant Work Factors Associated with Voice Disorders in Early Childhood Teachers: A Comparison between Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers in Yancheng, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3081
Author(s):  
Yaping Tao ◽  
Charles Tzu-Chi Lee ◽  
Yih-Jin Hu ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Early Childhood Teachers ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
The Voice

Background: Early childhood teachers consist of kindergarten and elementary school teachers in the lower grades. Young children at school may increase the vocal load of these teachers. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of voice disorders and the associated factors in early childhood teachers, and to determine if differences exist between kindergarten and elementary school teachers. Method: A cross-sectional survey was performed in July 2019 as a network questionnaire. Through cluster sampling, teachers (n = 414) from all five public kindergartens (n = 211) in the urban area of Yancheng, China, and four public elementary schools (n = 203) in the same school district participated in this study. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations among the prevalence of voice disorders in the teachers, school type, and relevant factors. Results: Our results indicated, based on the Voice Handicap Index scale (VHI-10, China), that the prevalence of voice disorders in early childhood teachers was 59.7%, while that in elementary school teachers (65.5%) was significantly higher than that in kindergarten teachers (54.0%) during the previous semester. Contributing factors included daily class hours, classroom air humidity, and speaking loudly during teaching. Additionally, certain types of voice usage in teaching such as falsetto speak, speaking more than other teachers, not using vocal techniques, and habitual voice clearing, were significantly associated with voice disorders. Conclusion: Most early childhood teachers have voice disorders. Compared with the kindergarten teachers, the elementary school teachers experienced a significantly higher prevalence of voice disorders. Several factors among work organization, work environment, and types of voice usage in teaching were associated with the voice disorders in early childhood teachers. The finding suggests that voice training should be provided for early childhood teachers, classroom teaching time should be decreased, and the number of teachers in basic subjects should be increased in the lower grades of elementary schools.

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