Moving it for Weight Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivy Lim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

The rate of overweight and obesity is increasing worldwide, with significant health impact. Obesity is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality and weight loss should take a multi-pronged approach, including dietary control and physical activity. The lack of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, as well as poor cardiorespiratory fitness are all independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality as well, thus it is important to advise lifestyle changes to address these issues. Most individuals who have no contraindications can embark on light- to moderate-intensity physical activity without the need for medical clearance. Specific advice on physical activity should be given, targeting the individual, and this can be done using the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type) principle. Physical activity should also be reviewed regularly and progressed gradually to target physical activity guidelines. Individuals should also be encouraged to replace sedentary behaviour with at least light-intensity physical activity whenever possible.

Fad Diets: Dietary Dilemmas, Predicaments, and Recommendations for its Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1380
Author(s):  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Prasad Rasane ◽  
Vidisha Tomer ◽  
Sawinder Kaur ◽  
Yogesh Gat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extra Weight

The health issues, mainly overweight and obesity are the growing concerns nowadays due to the associated factors and lifestyle changes which significantly have increased the individual’s health care expenditures. Fad diets are promoted as the easiest and simplest way of shedding the extra weight despite the availability of several treatments available. The prevention and treatment measures, including modification in lifestyle, dietary pattern, and physical activity, are the foundation of weight loss. However, the standard treatment measures are not effective for certain populations as they require long time adherence, which leads to the search for other approaches like fad diet. We steered a comprehensive literature review to present the facts related to fad diets to their efficacy and sustainability. Although fad diets have yielded tremendous positive results in weight loss and cardiovascular risk prevention, the studies reported death in long-term interventions and the results and some of them show side effects too. Randomized controlled trials have significantly reported weight loss in comparison with the popular fad diets; however, persisting on the same diet has also reported kidney problems, ketosis, and other metabolic related problems. The conclusion of this critical review reported that gradual weight loss could be attained by the combination of lifestyle modifications, physical activity, and recommended dietary approaches.

scholarly journals Interaction of physical activity and diet: implications for haemostatic factors

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Rauramaa ◽  
SB Väisänen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Platelet Aggregability ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRegular moderate intensity physical activity and habitual diet providing no more than one third of energy from fats have been recommended for the prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. The background for these guidelines is the key role of plasma lipids. However, the importance of thrombogenesis in acute myocardial infarction has become obvious during the last decade. Hyperlipidaemia and excess of adipose tissue increase platelet aggregability and blood coagulation, and decrease fibrinolysis. Both regular physical activity and dietary fat reduction decrease blood lipids and body fat thereby diminishing the risk of thrombosis. Currently, data on interactions between physical activity and diet on haemostasis are scarce, and the few studies available have not demonstrated additional effects when these two lifestyle modifications have been combined. This paper is restricted only to studies using controlled randomized design. Regular moderate intensity physical activity as well as diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids decrease platelet aggregability. The effects of regular physical activity on plasma fibrinogen remain contradictory, while the impact of diet is even less clear. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, a possible link between insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease, may decrease due to physical training or low fat diet. It can be hypothesized that moderation in physical activity and diet carries a more powerful impact on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis than either lifestyle modification alone. Studies focusing on the interactions of regular moderate physical activity and fat-modified diet are needed in efforts to optimize the preventive actions by lifestyle changes.

scholarly journals Role of physical activity in preventing and treating obesity

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Hill ◽  
Holly R. Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Maintain Weight Loss

There is an inverse relationship between physical activity and weight gain. However, additional research is needed to quantify the amount of physical activity required to prevent weight gain in different populations, improve the way we convey physical activity recommendations to the public, and help the individuals increase their physical activity. Although physical activity does not appear to contribute significantly to weight loss, it is critical for maintenance of weight loss. Available data are consistent in that 60–90 min/day of moderate-intensity physical activity is required to maintain a significant weight loss. Although there is agreement about the need for high levels of physical activity to maintain weight loss, there is a need for more research to understand why physical activity is critical for weight loss maintenance. Finally, additional research is needed to determine whether there is an optimal level of physical activity below which it is difficult for most people to achieve a balance between energy intake and expenditure at a healthy body weight. The increasing prevalence of obesity may reflect the fact that the majority of the population has fallen below such a level of physical activity.

scholarly journals Physical activity and dietary habits among Moroccan adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeslam Hamrani ◽  
Slimane Mehdad ◽  
Khalid El Kari ◽  
Asmaa El Hamdouchi ◽  
Imane El Menchawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to detail the lifestyle (physical activity and dietary habits) of Moroccan adolescents.DesignCross-sectional study undertaken in the framework of the ATLS (Arab Teens Lifestyle Study).SettingPhysical activity and dietary habits were determined using a validated questionnaire in public secondary schools.SubjectsA total of 669 adolescents aged 15·0–19·9 years were randomly recruited from Kenitra, Morocco.ResultsPhysical activity patterns and intensity differed between genders. As anticipated, male adolescents were more active than female adolescents across a typical week and engaged in more vigorous-intensity physical activity than female adolescents, who spent more time than male adolescents in moderate-intensity physical activity. Of particular concern was that one in five of the adolescents surveyed was inactive, with almost 45 % of the sample reporting television viewing for more than 2 h/d and 38 % engaged in computer use for a similar period. From a dietary perspective, most adolescents reported that they do not take breakfast or consume milk and dairy products, fruits and vegetables on a daily basis. In contrast, most reported consumption of doughnuts, cakes, candy and chocolate more than three times per week and approximately 50 % consumed sugary drinks more than three times per week.ConclusionsBased on a continuation of the self-reported lifestyle behaviours, adolescents in the present study are at risk of developing chronic diseases. Education programmes are urgently needed to assist in the promotion of a healthy lifestyle and reduce the likelihood of overweight and obesity and related health risks among young people.

scholarly journals Physical activity, overweight and obesity in public service drivers in the city of Manizales, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Luis Gerardo Melo Betancourt ◽  
Juan Camilo Castaño Marín ◽  
William Narváez Solarte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The City

Objective: To determine the level of physical activity, overweight and obesity of public service drivers in the city of Manizales, Colombia. Methodology: quantitative, correlational and cross-sectional research. Simple random probability sampling. A sample of 175 male subjects was obtained from three public taxi service companies. The analysis was carried out with the SPSS v.20 program for Windows. Descriptive statistics were calculated. To determine the relationship between nonparametric variables, the MannWhitney U tests, Chi-square and the Pearson correlation index were applied. For the comparison of means in the parametric variables the t-Student test was used with a level of significance of p≤ 0.05. Results: average age, 48.89 ± 16.64 years; average height, 1.68 ± 0.05 m, average abdominal circumference, 94.92 ± 9.0 cm and average body mass index, 27.51 ± 3.4 kg/m2 . Intense physical activity was carried out by 19.3%, moderate intensity physical activity was practiced by 27.8%, and low intensity physical activity was carried out by 36.4%, while 16.5% of drivers do not perform any physical activity. Conclusions: Taxi drivers have low levels of intense and moderate physical activitywhile low levels of physical activity have a higher prevalence. Drivers are characterized because they are 63% overweight and have a high abdominal circumference index with values similar to the national parameters.

scholarly journals Physical activity levels and energy expenditure of 9-year-old – 12-year-old overweight and obese children

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanelle Kemp ◽  
Anita E. Pienaar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

The high occurrence of overweight and obesity amongst children is a disturbing health problem worldwide. Possible causes of increasing childhood obesity are inactivity and energy imbalances. The aim of this study was to analyse the total energy expenditure (TEE)and physical activity levels in 9-year-old – 12-year-old overweight and obese children during a weekday and a weekend day, as well as during a weekday morning and afternoon. Twenty-four 9-year-old – 12-year-old children (seven boys and 17 girls), of whom nine were overweight and 15 were obese, were selected from seven public primary schools for this study. Body mass index (BMI) cut-off points were used to distinguish between overweight and obese. Each participant wore an ACTICAL™ monitor to determine their physical activity levels and TEE. It was found that the TEE of the children did not differ between a week day and a weekend day, although the TEE of the week day afternoon differed significantly from that of the weekday morning. Unlike the overweight children, none of the obese children met the requirements of 60 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per day. Strategies should be found to increase the activity levels of overweight and, especially, obese children, specifically during the mornings and over weekends.OpsommingDie hoë voorkoms van oorgewig en obesiteit onder kinders is wêreldwyd ’n kommerwekkende gesondheidsprobleem. Fisieke onaktiwiteit en energiewanbalanse word as moontlike oorsake van die probleem beskou. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die totale energieverbruik (TEV) en fisieke-aktiwiteitsvlakke van 9-jarige – 12-jarige oorgewig- en obese kinders tydens ‘n totale weeksdag en naweekdag te ontleed, asook tydens die oggend en middag van ‘n weeksdag. Vier-en-twintig 9-jarige – 12-jarige kinders (sewe seuns en 17 dogters), waarvan nege oorgewig en 15 obees was, is uit sewe publieke laerskole vir die studie gekies. Afsnypunte volgens die liggaamsmassa-indeks (LMI) is gebruik om tussen oorgewig en obees te onderskei. Elke deelnemer het ‘n ACTICAL™ monitor gedra om hul fisieke-aktiwiteitsvlakke en TEV te bepaal. Die studie het getoon dat die TEV van die kinders op ’n weeksdag en naweekdag nie verskil het nie, alhoewel TEV tydens die middag van die weeksdag betekenisvol verskil het van die oggend s’n. Anders as die oorgewig kinders, het geen van die obese kinders aan die voorgestelde riglyn van 60 minute se matig intensiewe fisieke aktiwiteit per dag voldoen nie. Strategieë moet gevind word om die vlakke van aktiwiteit van oorgewig en veral obese kinders te verhoog, spesifiek gedurende die oggende en oor naweke.

Characteristics of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis induced by moderate-intensity exercise and weight loss in obesity

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth V. Menshikova ◽  
Vladimir B. Ritov ◽  
Robert E. Ferrell ◽  
Koichiro Azuma ◽  
Bret H. Goodpaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

There are fewer mitochondria and a reduced oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle in obesity. Moderate-intensity physical activity combined with weight loss increase oxidative enzyme activity in obese sedentary adults; however, this adaptation occurs without a significant increase in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is unlike the classic pattern of mitochondrial biogenesis induced by vigorous activity. The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that the mitochondrial adaptation to moderate-intensity exercise and weight loss in obesity induces increased mitochondrial cristae despite a lack of mtDNA proliferation. Content of cardiolipin and mtDNA and enzymatic activities of the electron transport chain (ETC) and tricarboxylic acid cycle were measured in biopsy samples of vastus lateralis muscle obtained from sedentary obese men and women before and following a 4-mo walking intervention combined with weight loss. Cardiolipin increased by 60% from 47 ± 4 to 74 ± 8 μg/mU CK ( P < 0.01), but skeletal muscle mtDNA content did not change significantly (1,901 ± 363 to 2,169 ± 317 Rc, where Rc is relative copy number of mtDNA per diploid nuclear genome). Enzyme activity of the ETC increased ( P < 0.01); that for rotenone-sensitive NADH-oxidase (96 ± 1%) increased more than for ubiquinol-oxidase (48 ± 6%). Activities for citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase increased by 29 ± 9% and 40 ± 6%, respectively. In conclusion, moderate-intensity physical activity combined with weight loss induces skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in previously sedentary obese men and women, but this response occurs without mtDNA proliferation and may be characterized by an increase in mitochondrial cristae.

scholarly journals A Gender- and Culturally Sensitive Weight Loss Intervention for Hispanic Men: Results From the Animo Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
David O. Garcia ◽  
Luis A. Valdez ◽  
Benjamin Aceves ◽  
Melanie L. Bell ◽  
Kyle Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Hispanic Males ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Hispanic Men

Background. Hispanic males have the highest rates of overweight and obesity compared with men of all other racial/ethnic groups. While weight loss can significantly reduce obesity-related health risks, there is limited research examining effective gender- and culturally tailored behavioral weight loss programs for Hispanic men. Objective. To assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week gender- and culturally sensitive weight loss intervention (GCSWLI) as compared with a waist-list control (WLC) in sedentary, Hispanic males with overweight/obesity. Method. Fifty Hispanic males (age: 43 years [ SD = 11]; BMI: 34 ± 5 kg/m2; 58% Spanish monolingual) were randomized to one of two groups: GCSWLI ( n = 25) or WLC ( n = 25). GCSWLI participants attended weekly in-person individual sessions with a bilingual, bicultural Hispanic male lifestyle coach, and were prescribed a daily reduced calorie goal and 225 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week. The WLC were asked to maintain their usual diet and physical activity habits for 12 weeks. GCSWLI participants continued with 12 additional weeks of follow-up including biweekly phone calls with lifestyle coaches. Results. At Week 12, the mean weight loss in the GCSWLI was −6.3 kg (95% confidence interval [CI; −8.1, −4.4]) compared with −0.8 kg (95% CI [−2.5, 0.9]) for the WLC (difference = −5.5 kg, 95% CI [−8.0, −2.9], p < .01). At Week 24, weight loss in the GCSWLI was maintained. Conclusions. The GCSWLI appears to be a feasible strategy to engage Hispanic males in short-term weight loss. Our pilot study indicates preliminary evidence of efficacy, though confirmation of these findings is needed in a larger study.

scholarly journals Do levels of sedentary behaviour and physical activity differ according to weight-bearing status after lower limb fracture? A prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 221049172110204
Author(s):  
Christina L Ekegren ◽  
Elton R Edwards ◽  
Lara Kimmel ◽  
Belinda J Gabbe
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Background/purpose: To determine whether sedentary behaviour and physical activity differ according to initial weight-bearing status 2 weeks and 6 months after lower limb (LL) fracture. Methods: Two weeks and 6 months following LL fracture, 47 adults aged 18–69 wore ActiGraph and activPAL accelerometers for 10 days. Sitting time, steps, and moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) were compared between weight-bearing (WB) and non-weight-bearing (NWB) groups. Results: Two weeks post-discharge, the NWB group sat significantly more than the WB group (median: 14.1 h/day vs. 13.3 h/day; p = 0.04). These differences were apparent for female and middle-aged participants. At 6 months, there were no significant differences between weight-bearing groups for sitting time, steps or MPA. Conclusion: Weight-bearing restriction had an early impact on sitting time, but this impact lessened over time. While considering the need for rest, advice about reducing sitting time may be particularly important for people who are NWB post-fracture.

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