scholarly journals Indicators of Disability in Diseases of the Endocrine System of the Adult Population of Osh City (Kyrgyzstan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
N. Sherieva
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

The article examines the indicators of disability in diseases of the endocrine system of the population of Osh city (Kyrgyzstan). Health promotion, disease prevention, rehabilitation of disabled people are the main tasks in modern health care and social protection of the population. The number of people with disabilities is increasing from year to year in Kyrgyzstan. This growth is associated with a high level of morbidity and traumatism of the population, inadequate quality of medical care, and unfavorable environmental conditions. The study compares the five-year rate of disability in diseases of the endocrine system of the population of Osh. In the periods studied (2016, 2018, 2020), an increase in the number of primary disabilities in diseases of the endocrine system among residents of the city of Osh was revealed.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Glaucoma Prevalence in the Kyrgyz Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
G. Оmоrоvа
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Primary Glaucoma ◽  
High Level

This article discusses the dynamics of glaucoma prevalence in the Kyrgyz Republic. At present glaucoma is one of the pressing problems of modern health care, as it occupies one of the leading places among the causes of irreversible loss of vision. According to WHO glaucoma accounts for up to 5% of all eye pathology. By 2020, the number of patients will increase to 5.9 million and 5.3 million will lose sight due to primary glaucoma. The proportion of primary glaucoma among the causes of primary disability has been stable at a fairly high level from 20 to 28% over the years. The problem of glaucoma control requires improvement of the system of organization of early detection and dispensary observation of patients, which will contribute to control of the level of morbidity and quality of medical care. The article used data from the Republican Medical and Information Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic from 2014 to 2018. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis, the authors identified trends in the incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, adolescents and children of the Kyrgyz Republic. The incidence of diseases of the eye and its appendages, glaucoma among adults, teenagers and children in dynamics from 2014 to 2018 has been studied. The share of glaucoma in the total number of diseases of the eye and its appendages among adults, teenagers and children is considered. Analysis of the dynamics of disease prevalence of the eye, its appendages, glaucoma, both among adults and teenagers, and among children under 14 years of age showed an increase in the indicator in 2015, 2017 and 2018. The proportion of glaucoma from the total morbidity of the eye and its appendages among adults and adolescents in the years under study averaged 6.4%, among children under 14 — 0.2%. It is necessary to strengthen measures for early detection, dispensarization of glaucoma patients, as well as to carry out information work among the population.

PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE AND STROKE AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION OF KYIV CITY, UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2599-2604
Author(s):  
Maria M. Prokopiv ◽  
Gennadiy O. Slabkiy ◽  
Olena Y. Fartushna
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Prospective Analysis ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
City Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
The City

The aim: We aimed to conduct a prospective analysis of the epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease and stroke among the adult population of Kyiv City, Ukraine the last 12 years. Materials and methods: We analyzed sectoral statistical reports of cerebrovascular disease and stroke in Kyiv City for 2009-2020. The statistical method and the method of system approach were used in this study. Results: We established that during the last 12 years there was a decrease in the incidence of cerebrovascular disease and stroke among the adult population of Kyiv (reduction of 1.83 times (p <0.05) with t reliability criteria 26.89). However, the incidence remains high (476.62 per 100,000 population). At the same time, the prevalence of cerebrovascular isease remains stable, and among the working-age population tends to increase. The incidence of stroke indicates a positive trend (251.3 per 100,000 adult population of Kyiv in 2009 and 95.0 – in 2020, respectively). In particular, the number of primary registered strokes decreased 2.64 times (p ≤0.05) with a reliability criterion of 5.7 which is 1.94 (p≤0.05) times lower than in Ukraine generally. During the study period, 27,928 people died in Kyiv from a stroke. The mortality rate of stroke among the adult population in the city decreased from 96.14 per 100,000 in 2009 to 57.17 in 2020. This significant decline occurred over the past two years. Conclusions: A significant reduction in the incidence of cerebrovascular disease and stroke in the adult population of Kyiv during the last 12 years has been established. This might be caused by increased stroke prevention work, provided to the city population, and by a higher level of availability and quality of medical care in recent years.

scholarly journals Moyamoya disease: functional and neurocognitive outcomes in the pediatric and adult populations

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. E21 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Weinberg ◽  
Rudy J. Rahme ◽  
Salah G. Aoun ◽  
H. Hunt Batjer ◽  
Bernard R. Bendok
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Object Moyamoya disease is an occlusive cerebrovascular disorder commonly resulting in neurocognitive impairment. The cognitive outcome parameters commonly affected are intelligence, memory, executive function, and quality of life. In this paper, the authors review the existing literature on cognitive and clinical outcomes in adult and pediatric moyamoya populations separately. Methods A systematic review of the cognitive and clinical outcome literature was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE database. Outcomes data were contrasted between adult and pediatric populations. Results Intelligence is the main cognitive outcome parameter affected in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease, whereas adults most commonly suffer from executive function impairment. Memory has not been studied sufficiently in pediatric patients, and its dysfunction in the adult population remains controversial. Quality of life has not been studied appropriately in either population. Surgical revascularization is the only beneficial treatment option, and a combination of direct and indirect bypass techniques has shown benefit, but the impact on the above-mentioned parameters has not been sufficiently elucidated. Conclusions Moyamoya disease affects the cognition and daily function in pediatric patients to a greater extent than in adult patients. Due to the rarity of the disease, there is a distinct lack of high-level evidence regarding cognitive and clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of fuel consumption and geographic conditions on Tehran’s air pollution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Education ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

Studies show that Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. This pollution is more due to the traffic of cars. According to statistics, Tehran only had 3 days of clean air in 2012 and 2013. The consumption of low-grade petroleum products by non-standard vehicles manufactured with old technol- ogy has caused air pollution to the city in the absence of an efficient public transport system as well as inefficient management. The results suggest that transition from this dilemma is possible through efficient laws, proper man- agement, the use of world-wide knowledge and culture and general education from the basic levels. Obviously, solving this problem will directly affect the quality of life of citizens, and its effects can be seen in the economic, health, environmental and social spheres. The indirect effects of the crisis can be predicted in economic growth and development, and even in the promotion of national security (at a high level).

scholarly journals Adaptation of International Approaches to Creating a Statistical Indicators System for the Water Management Analysis at the City Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
T. G. Chala ◽  
◽  
O. I. Slavuta ◽  
G. S. Korepanov ◽  
D. I. Chernenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article aims at substantiating the theoretical and methodological foundations for creating a unified statistical indicators system and statistical analysis of the water resources management at the city level. The advantages of using standardized indicators in the field of sanitation and water supply at the city level are identified and characterized in accordance with ISO 37120: 2014 «Sustainable cities and communities – indicators of urban services and quality of life». Both the main and auxiliary indicators of urban services and quality of life on «Water and sanitary conditions» and «Sewage» topics are systematized as for their formulas, application features and data sources. It is established that, according to the Water Risk Filter, Ukraine can be divided into four regions depending on the water risk, namely, low, moderately medium, medium, and high water risk levels. Based on these data, such cities from the Global Register of Cities developed by the World Council on City Data (WCCD) were selected: Amsterdam (Netherlands), Barcelona (Spain), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Guadalajara (Mexico). Their indicators in the field of sanitation and water supply were analyzed. It is established that these cities are characterized by a high level of water supply and sewerage services, as well as a fairly high level of the access to high-quality sanitary and hygienic conditions. The situation with quality indicators of water management is worse. For example, advanced waste treatment is only carried out in Dubai. In Guadalajara, 21% of urban wastewater is not treated at all. It is established that in general, Dubai is the leader in the quality of water supply and sanitation services, while Guadalajara is the outsider city, showing the lowest quality levels of most of the studied indicators. The national system of indicators is suggested to be expanded by including such an indicator as «Average annual duration of water supply outages per 1 household»

scholarly journals Professional rehabilitation as aspect integration of disabled people in society (on example of the Republic of Mari El)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Lyudmila M. Nizova ◽  
M. I Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In the article there is reflected the complex of the most important andfundamental problems ofintegration ofpersons with disabilities into society in two ways: in the theoretical and methodological and analytical-sociological. There are considered institutional aspects of the vocational rehabilitation atfour levels: international, national, regional and local. The study of the views ofdomestic researchers in theoretical and methodological terms has shown problems of the employment ofpersons with disabilities at the regional level to be insufficiently studied up until now. In this connection there were investigated main directions of vocational rehabilitation and integration of disabled people into society thanks to efforts of the Government of the Mari El Republic, Main Bureau of Social and Medical and Expertise of the Republic of Mari El of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, Department of Labor and Employment ofpopulation of the Republic of Mari El. There is given an estimation of the management and vocational rehabilitation of persons with disabilities in the competitive mesoeconomic labour market. On the basis of monitoring and sociological research of two categories of respondents there were identified priorities, issues andfactors, determined the employment of the disabled persons as a specific population group. The dynamics of active forms of the employment and ranging opinions of respondents allowed to prove the positive role of vocational rehabilitation to expedite the integration processes of disabled persons in society: decline in the number of cases of disability among working age persons surveyedfirstly, reducing the percentage of the gain in the severity ofdisability, the increase in the proportion of the complete rehabilitation among the adult population, the decline in the proportion ofpersons with disabilities among the unemployed people owing to such forms as the organization of specialized job fairs, quotas and creation of work places, referral of disabled persons about self employment. Nevertheless, bearing in mind the persistence of revealed problems, there are proposed author measures on the improvement of the efficacy of the impact of vocational rehabilitation ofpersons with disabilities to accelerate their integration into society, taking into account vectorness, including governing bodies, employers and people with disabilities.

scholarly journals Innovations in individual urban transport systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-847
Author(s):  
Marika Jamrozik ◽  
Piotr Kisielewski
Keyword(s):  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Media ◽  
High Level ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
The City

In this paper innovative urban individual transport systems have been discussed. The results of the survey conducted on a group of 250 people, of which the largest part were residents of the city in the youngest age group 18-24 shows that knowledge about modern forms of transport and the possible willingness to use them, is not at a high level. The reason is the attachment of society to material goods and lack of awareness about the benefits that the user gains, but also the inhabitants in the aspect of improving the quality of life in the city. The future of transport belongs to systems that are focused on the lack of belonging and sharing economy. The concluded analysis proves that the systems functioning in the States are profitable and convenient for the residents, and the companies constantly develop their offer by expanding with modern solutions and facilities. In Poland, the change of residents habits regarding the forms of mobility will occur with the increase of popularity of modern systems, and this can be obtained by emphasizing the promotion in means of transport, at bus stops, and in the media. Forecasts indicate a steadily growing market value of innovative urban transport systems, which will improve the standard of living in crowded cities.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of mortality and lethality rates of newborns at the regional level

Public Health ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-48
Author(s):  
D. O. Ivanov ◽  
V. K. Yuryev ◽  
Yu. V. Petrenko ◽  
K. E. Moiseeva ◽  
I. I. Mogileva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
The North ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
The City ◽  
North Western

In order to assess the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in obstetric organizations of the North-Western Federal District in 2013–2019, a comparative analysis of official statistics data was carried out. It was found that in the North-Western Federal District in the period from 2013 to 2019, there was an almost annual decrease in newborn mortality rates. The overall decrease in mortality in maternity care organizations of the Federal District (from 2,5% to 1,9%) was mainly due to a decrease in mortality in obstetric hospitals of the first and second levels (respectively from 3,2% to 1,2% and from 1,7% to 0,7%), while most children died in perinatal centers, where the mortality rate has not changed in recent years (2013 – 4,1%; 2019 – 4,0%). The study showed a decrease in mortality rates in the subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the federal district, except for the city of St. Petersburg. The average hospital lethality rate of newborns in maternity care organizations of the North-Western Federal District during 2013–2019 was in the range of 1,9%–2,0%, did not change significantly and corresponded to the national average. However, the level of hospital lethality significantly differed in individual subjects of the district – in more than half of them, the level of hospital lethality exceeded the average, while in others it was significantly lower. Thus, the decrease in the mortality and lethality rates of newborns in maternity care organizations indicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District. dicates an increase in the quality of medical care for children in the North-Western Federal District. 

Economic analysis of drinking water services, case of the city of Souk-Ahras (Algeria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
S. Boukhari ◽  
F. S. Pinto ◽  
H. Abida ◽  
Y. Djebbar ◽  
C. de Miras
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
Tariff Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

Abstract Water Supply and Sanitation Services (WSSS) face various constraints that hinder their development. The application of sustainable economic instruments may help WSSS policymakers improving the quality of service provision for their clients. This study shows the role of these economic instruments in WSSS management for the case of the city of Souk-Ahras (Algeria). A detailed analysis of expenditures and revenues, focusing on the tariff structure and subsidies, has been carried out. The results obtained show that WSSS in Souk-Ahras suffer from a relevant budget imbalance influenced by the high level of non-revenue water and the application of pricing that does not achieve cost recovery.

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