scholarly journals Makna Mimpi, Kematian, dan Kecemasan pada Cerpen Shirakawa Yo Fune Karya Yoshimoto Banana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Fairuz Jamaan
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Yoshimoto Banana

This article aimed to describe a  human confusion and inner turmoil that is often found in the lives of modern society in Japan, such as the infidelity, love, death, and anxiety that trigger inner conflict through the analysis of characters in the short story Shirakawa Yo Fune, by Yoshimoto Banana. This article uses Sigmund Freud's theory of literary psychoanalysis. The analysis  shows the lives of characters are so individuayl and does not interact much with the surrounding community,  so that the death of the only person closest triggers anxiety in the character. Anxiety occurs because the tensions are not well reduced. So each character identifies and displacemen to reduced the anxiety. It also motivates character to carry out defense mechanisms in the form of repression which then dreams, daydreaming and fixation. Furthermore analysis of dreams and daydream shows that these situation in case of  condensation, displacemen and symbolization.Keywords: fixation, condensation, dream, displacemen, symbolization  Penelitian ini meneliti kekalutan dan kekacauan batin manusia yang banyak dijumpai pada kehidupan masyarakat modern di Jepang, seperti perselingkuhan, percintaan, kematian, dan kecemasan yang memicu konflik batin melalui analisis tokoh tokoh pada cerita pendek Shirakawa Yo Fune, karya Yoshimoto Banana. Penelitian mengunakan teori psikoanalisis sastra Sigmund Freud. Analisis yang dilakukan memperlihatkan kehidupan para tokoh yang sangat individual dan tidak banyak berinteraksi dengan masyarakat sekitar sehingga kematian satu-satunya orang terdekat memicu kecemasan pada diri tokoh. Kecemasan terjadi karena ketegangan-ketegangan  yang tidak tereduksi dengan baik. Untuk mengatasi ketegangan, masing-masing tokoh melakukan identifikasi dan pemindahan Kecemasan juga memotivasi tokoh untuk melakukan mekanisme pertahanan berupa represi yang kemudiam memicu munculnya mimpi, lamunan serta, fiksasi. Selanjutnya analisis terhadap mimpi dan lamunan menunjukkan bahwa mimpi serta lamunan tersebut telah mengalami kondensasi, pemindahan dan simbolisasi Kata Kunci:  fiksasi, kondensasi, mimpi, pemindahan, simbolisasi

scholarly journals KECEMASAN DAN MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO TOKOH UTAMA DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN (Lǔ Xùn Xiǎoshuō Quánjí 鲁迅小说全集) KARYA LU XUN (Kajian Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud)

Paramasastra ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Didik Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Lu Xun ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Ego Defense

This research aims to study psychoanalysis main character in the short story collection Lu Xun entitled (Lǔ Xun Xiǎoshuō Quánjí 鲁迅 小说 全集) Works of Lu Xun which include (1) concerns the main character (realistic anxiety, neurotic anxiety, and moral anxiety), (2) the cause the main character of anxiety (realistic anxiety, neurotic anxiety and moral anxiety), (3) the main character's ego defense mechanisms (repression, sublimation, projection, transfer, rationalization, regression, identification, denial of reality, intellectualization, redemption. Datas of this study focuses on anxiety and ego defense mechanism in the collection of short stories (Lǔ Xun Xiǎoshuō Quánjí 鲁迅 小说 全集) Works of Lu Xun. The researcher uses descriptive analysis techniques. Descriptive analysis techniques are done by describing the facts which are then followed by analysis. The total of 153 data was collected data; anxiety realistic citations, 34; neurotic anxiety; 56, anxiety morals; 5, repression; 31, intellectualization; 4, denial of reality; 2, identifying; 6, redemption; 1, reaction formation; 5, the projection; 2, and rationalization ,7 respectively. In consideration of the research result, (1) neurotic anxiety dominates so the purpose (2) also dominated, for the purpose of (3) ego defense mechanism of repression dominate.

scholarly journals SCHIZOPHRENIA SYMPTOMS ACUTE IN TEDDY ALIAS ANDREW IN THE “SHUTTER ISLAND” NOVEL BY DENNIS LEHANE

JURNAL BASIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Elfi Rahmi ◽  
Tomi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Acute Schizophrenia ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Recovery Treatment ◽  
Fictional Story

This research discussed about schizophrenia symptoms in Teddy alias Andrew Laedis that was acute and dangerous and also discussed the psychodrama treatment for Andrew. The main character is described to have a dangerous illness which is schizophrenia due to get from his traumatic events in world of war. Some of traumatic event that Andrew is experienced actually like when Andrew killed hundred soldier during the war in Dachau, his guilt because he did not bring his wife, Dolores to psychiatrists then unpredictable his wife killed her three children and drowning her child in a pond and regret for the rest of his life who was forced to kill his beloved wife until die and he finally lost all his family. Andrew cannot escape from the reality and without unconsciously he became experiencing mental disorder. The fictional story written by Dennis Lehane (2003.This novel was using the theory of psychoanalysis approach by Sigmund Freud. By using the concept of Sigmund's theory this research examined the symptoms of acute schizophrenia in Teddy alias Andrew's character which showed that his id is more dominant than his ego and the superego did not almost non-existent. Andrew points out three types of self defense mechanisms, namely, denial projections, regression and displacement. Meanwhile, the process of psychiatric recovery treatment by Dr. Cawley is used a psychodrama.

scholarly journals The Depressed Female Characters From Their Intimidated Surrounding as Seen in The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkin Gilman’s, A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner’s, and The Story of an Hour By Kate Chopin

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Cut Ruby Miranda ◽  
Helmita Helmita
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Kate Chopin ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Full Power ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Yellow Wallpaper

In writing this thesis, the writer discusses the depression of women because of patriarchal traditions, even though they already know about women's rights and freedoms. This patriarchal tradition is that men hold full power over anything and women must always obey the rules of men. The women are required not to do any activities, in terms of education and employment. Women are only allowed to do homework. This applies to all women, both single and married. This began in the 90s, especially in the United States. In writing the thesis, the writer uses psychological and feminist theories according to Sigmund Freud and Maggie Humm, who will explore the psychological side of women who are oppressed by the existence of this patriarchal custom. The purposes of this paper are: (1) To describe psychological-feminist cases in female characters (2) To analyze psychological-feminists in depressed female characters (3) To explain the psychological-feminist influence with female characters in the short story of The Yellow Wallpaper from Charlotte Perkins Gilman, A Rose For Emily from William Faulkner, The Story Of An Hour by Kate Chopin. The author uses descriptive qualitative methods in processing data. Through analysis of several existing sources and data. Based on available data, the writer discover how the psychology of depressed female characters from their environment is intimidated based on the short story. In fact women can become depressed because their freedom of expression is hampered and prohibited by tradition. With the writing of this thesis, it is hoped that the public can find out what exactly the meaning of women's emancipation is without having to put down women or men.

scholarly journals Facing Anxiety through Ego Defense Mechanisms on The Walking Dead: Michonne Movie Game

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317
Author(s):  
Fery Setiawan ◽  
I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa Jayantini ◽  
Ida Bagus Gde Nova Winarta ◽  
Ni Komang Arie Suwastini
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
The Walking Dead ◽  
Ego Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Ego Defense ◽  
Walking Dead

With the advancement of technology, a newly adopted form of literary work was found, known as a movie game. It is one of the game genres that resembles real movies that provide choices to the players who can actively determine the story, ending, and characters' action. In literary work, a character is one of the intrinsic elements that can be interestingly analyzed from the psychological perspective, including Ego Defense Mechanisms. This study focuses on how the protagonist in a movie game entitled The Walking Dead: Michonne faced her anxiety through her ego defense mechanisms. It aims to identify the types of ego defense mechanisms and how they can help the protagonist cope with her anxiety. The discussion was based on psychoanalysis theory, namely Ego Defense Mechanisms proposed by Sigmund Freud. This study elaborated the description of the protagonist's actions when she faced anxiety through a qualitative method. The analysis revealed that the protagonist adopted the four types of Ego Defense Mechanisms: repression, sublimation, rationalization, and aggression. It was found that aggression was the most frequently adopted mechanism, followed by sublimation, rationalization, and the least was repression. This finding indicated that the protagonist chose aggression to release resentment or dissatisfaction, especially when facing objects or other characters that create anxiety or frustration. It implies that the persistence of aggression, sublimation, rationalization, and repression could reflect the presence of continual threats in the environment from which people should survive. 

Defense Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phebe Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Mental Operations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Unconscious Mind

Defense mechanisms are mental operations that function outside of awareness. In this sense, they operate in the unconscious mind. Such mechanisms were first identified by Sigmund Freud in connection with psychopathology but later were understood to be part of normal everyday functioning. Defenses serve the purpose of protecting the individual from excessive anxiety and loss of self-esteem. Defense mechanisms have been found to change with age, based on the complexity of the mental operations involved. Once a child understands how a defense mechanism functions, the mechanism tends to be used less frequently and a cognitively more complex mechanism is adopted.

scholarly journals Self-Destructive Behavior Analysis of Hannah Baker in The Thirteen Reasons Why Novel

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-32
Author(s):  
Jeantriani Febrita ◽  
Eka Margianti Sagimin
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Destructive Behavior ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Defense

This study investigates Self-Destructive Behavior of Hannah Baker in Thirteen Reasons Why novel, conducted in qualitative approach analysis of self-destructive behavior of the main character and what reasons or the causes of it through the narratives in the Thirteen Reasons Why novel. The goal of the study is to analyze how self-destructive behavior impacted the main character, Hannah Baker which is described using the theory of Self-Destructive Behavior and Defense Mechanisms by Sigmund Freud (1966). The result of this study shows that Hannah Baker developed the self-destructive behavior as a defense mechanisms from herself that triggered by trauma from the past. It started with the non-suicidal self-destructive behavior but soon turns into the suicidal self-destructive behavior. This study also shows how a suicide can really be an impact of the behavior that happens in the novel resulted from a non-suicidal self-destructive behavior that is not handled well, and all the mistreatments that the main character felt which produce the desire for ending her life.Keywords: Self-Defense Mechanism, Self-Destructive Behavior, Sigmund Freud, Suicide, Thirteen Reasons Why.

scholarly journals Repression, Isolation and Paranoia: A Psychoanalytic Feminist Study of ‘The Nightmare’ by Rukhsana Ahmad

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Short Fiction ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Feminist Study ◽  
Adult Lives

Generally, literature written by Pakistani women writers in English depicts women as victims of patriarchy, social and cultural oppression. Meanwhile, in recent times the short fiction is exploring new paradigms related to the psychological oppression of married women in Pakistan. The following paper selects the short story, ‘The Nightmare’ by Pakistani writer, Rukhsana Ahmad, where a housewife suffers from paranoia because of disconsolate marriage. Therefore, this research aims to study the causes of psychological disorders specifically paranoia among apparently happy housewives. Moreover, the causes and effects of repression and isolation on personality of women would be discussed from the psychoanalytic feminist perspective using the framework of Sigmund Freud (1973- 86) through the character of Fariha. Through the method of character analysis (Dobie, 2011) this paper concludes that the childhood experiences of repression are the reason for victim’s passiveness towards psychological oppression during adult life. This paper would also help in establishing the conclusion that women who suffer abuse in their childhood are more likely to face abuse in their adult lives, which becomes the cause of their psychological instability.

Mekanisme Pertahanan Diri dalam Cerpen “Nio” Karya Putu Wijaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Diyan Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
The Family ◽  
Direct Aggression ◽  
Theory Of Literature

"Nio" is a short story of Putu Wijaya. It displays human self-defense mechanisms in family room. This study aims to describe the forms of those mechanisms. Each character in "Nio" protects himself in different ways. This stufy uses descriptive analytical method and theory of literature psychology. It can be concluded that humans in "Nio" deal with conflicts by demands for an increase in socio-economic status in the family room. Humans try to move out of low socio-economic status using various forms of self-defense mechanisms, like repression, projection, aggression, regression of retrogressive behavior, and direct aggression. The forms of mechanisms show various human natures of individualsCerpen “Nio” karya Putu Wijaya menampilkan mekanisme pertahanan diri yang dilakukan manusia dalam ruang keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan bentuk-bentuk mekanisme pertahanan diri yang dilakukan manusia dalam “Nio” tersebut. Masalah dalam penelitan ini adalah bagaimana bentuk-bentuk mekanisme pertahanan diri manusia dalam “Nio” karya Putu Wijaya. Tokoh-tokoh dalam “Nio’ masing-masing mempertahanankan diri dengan cara yang berbeda-beda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analitik. Sementara itu, untuk menganalisis cerpen tersebut digunakan teori psikologi sastra. Dari hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa manusia dalam “Nio” mengalami konflik yang disebabkan oleh tuntutan kenaikan status sosial ekonomi yang digunakan dalam upaya mempertahankan diri adalah represi, proyeksi, agresi, regresi retrogressive behavior, dan agresi langsung. Bentuk-bentuk mekanisme tersebut menunjukkan berbagai sifat kemanusiaan individu.

Effects of sleep deprivation on the development of autoimmune disease in an experimental model of systemic lupus erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (5) ◽  
pp. R1527-R1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Duarte Palma ◽  
Alexandre Gabriel ◽  
Fernando A. B. Colugnati ◽  
Sergio Tufik
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antinuclear Antibodies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

Sleep is hypothesized to play a restorative role on immune system. In addition, disturbed sleep is thought to impair host defense mechanisms. Chronic sleep deprivation is a common occurrence in modern society and has been observed in a number of chronic inflammatory conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). New Zealand Black/New Zealand White (NZB/NZW) F1 mice develop an autoimmune disease that strongly resembles SLE in humans, exhibiting high titers of antinuclear antibodies associated with the development of rapidly progressive and lethal glomerulonephritis. On the basis of this evidence, the present study examined the onset and progress of lupus in as-yet healthy female mice submitted to sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation was accomplished by two 96-h periods in the multiple-platform method when mice were 10 wk old, and they were observed until 28 wk of age. Blood samples were collected from the orbital plexus fortnightly to evaluate serum antinuclear antibodies and anti-double-stranded DNA. Proteinuria and longevity as well as body weight were also assessed. The results indicated that mice submitted to sleep deprivation exhibited an earlier onset of the disease, as reflected by the increased number of antinuclear antibodies. However, no statistical difference was found in the other parameters analyzed. According to these results, sleep deprivation could be considered as a risk factor for the onset but not for the evolution of the disease.

scholarly journals DEFENSE MECHANISM IN RAMBO: THE FIRST BLOOD FILM IN REFERENCE TO SEMIOTIC

LINGUISTICA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doni Sehat Sitanggang ◽  
Sri Minda Murni ◽  
Meisuri Meisuri
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Qualitative Research Method ◽  
Reaction Formation ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study dealt with defense mechanisms in Rambo : The First Blood Film in reference to semiotic. It employed descriptive qualitative research method. This study was aimed to analyze: (1) The kinds of defense mechanisms experienced by Rambo and (2)  why defense mechanism affected the utterance and action of Rambo in reference of semiotic. The data of this study were dialogues statement and figure that contained defense mechanisms. The theories were applied by the writer from Sigmund freud (1993) about defense mechanism and Chandler (2007) about semiotic. Based on the analysis, there were five kinds of defense mechanism used by Rambo, namely Denial (23,8%), Displacement (4,8%). Projection (42,9),  Repression (14,3%), and Reaction Formation (14,3%) where Rambo used projection defense mechanisms the most. Fear that steam from trauma and to avoid conflict were the defense mechanism that happened and used by Rambo. Keywords: Defense mechanisms, semiotic, Rambo: The First Blood

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