Palaeoecological Insights into Agri-Horti-Cultural and Pastoral Practices Before, During and After the Sasanian Empire

2017 ◽  
pp. 51-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Shumilovskikh ◽  
Morteza Djamali ◽  
Valérie Andrieu-Ponel ◽  
Philippe Ponel ◽  
Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Sasanian Empire ◽  
New Information ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Different Parts

Pollen data obtained from radiocarbon-dated sediments of several peat bogs and lakes located in different parts of Iran and surrounding areas have recently provided invaluable new information on agricultural practices during the Persian empires, from the Achaemenids to the Sasanians. A review of the published and unpublished data has revealed distinct phases of intensified tree cultivation and pastoral activities during this era.

MONUMENTS OF NATURE AND HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL OBJECTS OF THE DNISTROVSKYI RLP: THE STATE OF PROTECTION AND THE PROSPECTS OF TOURIST USE

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-87
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
New Information ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Recreational Resources

The existing nature conservation objects that are part of the Dnistrovskyi Regional Landscape Park are characterized and mapped. There are more than sixty different types of WFD objects in and around the park. All objects are tabulated. Also, geological, geomorphological, hydrological objects have been identified that have scientific, recreational and educational value, which gives grounds for granting them conservation status. This is a large number of rocks of different ages (Silurian, Devonian, Jurassic, Cretaceous), which makes it possible to study the history and condition sof the territory. The location is mapped. Also on the map as places of interest are the places of manifestation of modern geomorphological processes. Fluvial, karst, gravity, erosion and other processes are most evidentin the park. The dynamics of karst processes haveled to the formation of numerous caves and cave formations, which are valuable from the scientific and recreational plan. A mong the hydrological and hydro-geological features are waterfalls, marshe sand ground water exits to the surface in the form of springs. Historical and cultural sites occurring with in and around the park are characterized and mapped. The seare objects of Paleolithic heritage (the oldestin Bukivna, Horodnytsia), Kievan Rus' period, ruins of ancient castles (Rakovetsky and Chekrnelitsky) and fotresses, lordlye states, ancient churches, of which there are more than thirty, existing and in active in the region. The most ancient are the village of Michalce), monuments of liberation competitions (hiding places) and places of great historical battles. It maps and describes the existing route sand objects of the tourist infrastructure of the Dnistrovskyi RLP. The park and surrounding areas haves ignificant natural and recreational potential. The presence of a large number of diverse natural sites make sit possible to create attractions for tourism development in the region. The presence of historical and cultural heritage en hances the use of the territory. New routes and proposals for improvement of the tourist infrastructure of the territory were developed: creation of an eco-educational visit center, placement of agroosel complexes, arrangement of places for stops during the Dniester alloys, creation of a network of tourist points at the places of passage of route sand places of rest of residents, development and in stallation of new information standsne are xisting tourist natural and historical sites in the study area. Key words: Dnistrovskyi RLR, Nature Reserve objects, historical and cultural sites, nature monuments, recreational resources, tourism.

scholarly journals The Ocular Gene Delivery Landscape

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Bhubanananda Sahu ◽  
Isha Chug ◽  
Hemant Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Gene Therapies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Fda Approval ◽  
New Information ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Delivery Routes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Parts

The eye is at the forefront of developing therapies for genetic diseases. With the FDA approval of the first gene-therapy drug for a form of congenital blindness, numerous studies have been initiated to develop gene therapies for other forms of eye diseases. These examinations have revealed new information about the benefits as well as restrictions to using drug-delivery routes to the different parts of the eye. In this article, we will discuss a brief history of gene therapy and its importance to the eye and ocular delivery landscape that is currently being investigated, and provide insights into their advantages and disadvantages. Efficient delivery routes and vehicle are crucial for an effective, safe, and longer-lasting therapy.

scholarly journals Terra sigillata in southern Latium. The evidence from the Pontine Region Project, 1987-2014

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-272
Author(s):  
G.W. Tol ◽  
T.C.A. De Haas ◽  
P.A.J. Attema
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Geomorphological Units ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Different Parts

This contribution is the first of a series of publications by the authors to systematically disclose the wealth of material evidence collected during some 30 years of fieldwork in the Pontine region by the Pontine Region Project. This project has, since its inception in the mid-1980s, investigated more than 36 km2 of terrain across all major geomorphological units of the region, largely by means of systematic surface investigations. During these investigations, close to 200 000 artefacts were collected for further study, including c. 1 660 fragments of (Italian) terra sigillata, the emblematic, shiny red fine table ware of the Early Imperial period. In this article, we present a detailed spatial and contextual analysis of the terra sigillata fragments that have been gathered within the Pontine Region Project and discuss the results in light of economic issues (market integration, economic growth). We then supplement this evidence by published evidence of name stamps from surrounding areas to further expose to what extent, and in what ways, the different parts of southern Latium were embedded in the long-distance economic networks of the period.

scholarly journals Transmission of Han Pictorial Motifs into the Western Periphery

Asian Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-86
Author(s):  
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Funerary Art ◽  
Regional Pattern ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Unique Pattern ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Different Parts

This paper examines the ways in which Fuxi and Nüwa were depicted inside the mural tombs of the Wei-Jin dynasties along the Hexi Corridor as compared to their Han counterparts from the Central Plains. Pursuing typological, stylistic, and iconographic approaches, it investigates how the western periphery inherited the knowledge of the divine pair and further discusses the transition of the iconographic and stylistic design of both deities from the Han (206 BCE–220 CE) to the Wei and Western Jin dynasties (220–316). Furthermore, examining the origins of the migrants on the basis of historical records, it also attempts to discuss the possible regional connections and migration from different parts of the Chinese central territory to the western periphery. On the basis of these approaches, it reveals that the depiction of Fuxi and Nüwa in Gansu area was modelled on the Shandong regional pattern and further evolved into a unique pattern formed by an iconographic conglomeration of all attributes and other physical characteristics. Accordingly, the Shandong region style not only spread to surrounding areas in the central Chinese territory but even to the more remote border regions, where it became the model for funerary art motifs. Based on both approaches, it reveals that the depiction of Fuxi and Nüwa in Gansu area was modelled on the Shandong regional pattern and further evolved into a unique pattern of an iconographic conglomeration of all attributes and other physical characteristics. Accordingly, the Shandong region style not only spread to surrounding areas in the central Chinese territory but even to the more remote border regions, where it became the model for funerary art motifs.

Seasonal Contrast of Land Surface Temperature in Faridabad

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-250
Author(s):  
Swagata Ghosh ◽  
Krishna Vidhata N. ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Kousik Midya
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sustainable Urbanism ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Dense Urban Area ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The chapter has highlighted the adverse impact of conversion of natural land cover into urban concrete over inter-seasonal variation of land surface temperature (LST) in Faridabad district which is a major threat for sustainable urbanism. Apart from high LST in the dense urban area built-up in Faridabad city, inter-seasonal variation of LST has been observed in dry deciduous forested areas due to defoliation, fallow land, and over-grazed land in rural surrounding areas. Compared to NDVI, NDBI has significant positive and stable correlation with LST in all seasons (Pearson index: 0.35 to 0.60). Weaker correlation (Pearson index: 0.02 to 0.48) between NDVI and LST accounts for the seasonal impact over NDVI due to defoliation and agricultural practices over the study area. Overall, it can be remarked that image-based spectral indices and thermal band can be used for the evaluating thermal environmental contrast across seasons. Use of in situ measurement with good network of meteorological stations can validate satellite-derived LST better and increase the accuracy of the study.

A 12,000-Year Pollen Record from Lake Maliq, Albania

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Denèfle ◽  
Anne-Marie Lézine ◽  
Eric Fouache ◽  
Jean-Jacques Dufaure
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Forest Flora ◽  
New Information ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Time

Pollen data from Lake Maliq, the first from Albania, contribute new information to the discussion of the vegetational, hydrological, and climatological history of the Balkans since 12,000 yr B.P. During late-glacial time, a perennial lake expanded at Maliq. It was surrounded by a complex vegetation association composed of steppe and mixed forest elements. The highly diverse forest flora suggest that late-glacial forest refugia were more developed here at middle altitude, rather than at higher altitude as previously suggested. The forest developed after 9800 yr B.P., while the water level remained high in the Korçë basin until 5000 yr B.P. Different environmental conditions, characterized by lower available moisture and warmer winters, progressively took place after this date. Human activity in the Korçë basin ca. 4500 yr B.P. was coeval with conditions characterized by an increase in winter temperatures and a decrease in summer moisture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bee Diversity within Different Sweet Cherry Orchards in the Sultandaği Reservoir (Turkey)

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Yasemin Güler ◽  
Fatih Dikmen ◽  
Ayşe Özdem
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Pollen Transfer ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Adequate Sampling ◽  
Bee Diversity ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Malaise Traps

Abstract Many varieties of sweet cherry are self-incompatible. Therefore, sweet cherry orchards require a huge population of pollinator bees to carry out an adequate amount of pollen transfer between the different varieties. Our study was conducted to evaluate the differences in the richness and diversity of these pollinators within very closely located sweet cherry orchards, and to understand the underlying effects causing these differences. The study was conducted in the Sultandağı Reservoir (Turkey) which covers the towns of Sultandağı (Afyonkarahisar) and Akşehir (Konya). In order to avoid a sampling bias, Malaise traps were used to collect bee samples. Sampling collections were repeated for three years; from 2007 to 2009, between April and May. The traps were set in the bud-swell period and lifted in the green-fruit period. Climatic data were taken from meteorology stations near the orchards. Vegetation in the surrounding areas was also inspected. The composition of pollinator bee species was determined and compared between orchards. In total, 83 bee species and 38 plant species were recorded. It was found that Halictidae is the most abundant and richest group among the pollinator bees. The effects of the quantity of the Malaise traps on bee sampling success were also tested. It was found that one trap per 325 trees is enough for an adequate sampling. Apart from the annual fluctuations of bee richness in the orchards, general differences in the bee diversity among orchards might be affected by the surrounding vegetation and especially from different agricultural practices such as tilling the ground.

CD-ROM in Developing Countries: A UNESCO Perspective

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Abid ◽  
Denise Pélissier
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cooperative Network ◽  
Clearing House ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Parts

UNESCO set up a Clearing House in 1992 to promote and disseminate the information it gathers and to create new information sources corresponding to the needs of Member States. A survey of needs showed a strong demand for CD-ROMs, and the success of a prototype, UNESCO Databases, encouraged it to prepare a new edition and plan two more CD-ROMs, Index Translationum and World Heritage. Another programme involves the CD-ROMs of full text as a means of helping less developed countries to obtain affordable economic access to literature. An agreement has been reached with ADONIS whereby free subscriptions to the ADONIS discs for 1991 and 1992 are given to ten selected institutions in Africa, the Arab states, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. A further initiative is the joint ICSU/UNESCO International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications, a cooperative network of donors and recipients. Training workshops are also being held in different parts of the world, and an inventory of CD-ROM in developing countries is being prepared.

scholarly journals Effects of vineyard agricultural practices on the diversity of macroinvertebrates

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
I.J. Ramos ◽  
J.A. Ribeiro ◽  
D. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Sustainable Practices ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Agriculture Management

In Europe, agriculture represents the dominant land use and there is a substantial part of biodiversity associated with those habitats. Therefore, conservation studies should direct to agriculture fields aiming to minimize the biodiversity losses. Vineyards could play a key role in producing win-win solutions for agriculture and biodiversity conservation, as an entrance point of sustainable practices in agriculture management. This study aims to evaluate the influence of different agriculture practices on macroinvertebrate diversity and in the productivity of the vineyards. Comparing these variables, we hope to determine the most sustainable agriculture practices, to suggest conservation measures to enhance sustainability and improve biodiversity in the vineyards. We are comparing Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera diversity and levels of productivity in three differently managed vineyards: conventional, organic and integrated production with controlled doses of chemicals (optidose). Macroinvertebrates will be sampled by pitfalls and colour plates. Study area is Herdade dos Pinheiros of Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, in Évora (Alentejo, Portugal). We expect to find higher macroinvertebrates diversity where there is less disturbance, as in the organic vineyard. And the contrary for the conventional. Also, we are expecting to find little diversity of Hemiptera when there are higher levels of Coleoptera and Hymenoptera diversity, because that means biological control is acting. Finally, we hope to find the best agriculture measures to enhance sustainability and improve biodiversity in vineyards and surrounding areas.

scholarly journals Geophysical Investigation of the Neolithic Calanais Landscape

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 2975 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard. Bates ◽  
Martin Bates ◽  
Chris Gaffney ◽  
Vincent Gaffney ◽  
Timothy D. Raub
Keyword(s):  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Stone Monuments ◽  
The People ◽  
Geophysical Techniques ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Irregular Topography ◽  
Archaeological Monument

The northern and western isles of Scotland have proved fertile ground for archaeological investigation over the last 100 years. However, the nature of the landscape with its rugged coastlines and irregular topography, together with rapid peat growth rates, make for challenging surveying. Commonly, an archaeological monument or series of monuments is identified but little is known about the surrounding areas and, in particular, the palaeo-landscapes within which the monuments are located. This situation is exemplified by the standing stones of Calanais in Lewis. Here, surrounding peat bogs have buried a significant portion of the landscape around which the stones were first erected. This project identifies remote sensing geophysical techniques that are effective in mapping the buried (lost) landscape and thus aid better contextualisation of the stone monuments within it. Further, the project demonstrates the most appropriate techniques for prospecting across these buried landscapes for as yet unidentified stone features associated with the lives of the people who constructed the monuments.

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