Artificial dermatitis and its complications: features of diagnosis and therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
A. B. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Infected Skin ◽  
Additional Fixation

The article highlights the problem of artificial dermatitis (pathomimia) as a manifestation of a mental disorder. A direct correlation is shown between the severity of mental illness and the severity of injuries inflicted on the skin. It is shown that it is necessary to manage such patients with the participation of a psychiatrist and a dermatologist. Positive results of treatment of infected skin lesions using Levomekol® ointment are presented.Materials and methods. We observed 19 patients, 7 women and 12 men. All patients, even with shallow, but extensive excoriations, Levomekol® ointment was prescribed under a bandage with a superficial additional fixation with a Band-Aid bandage in order to prevent self-removal of the bandage.Results. All 19 patients had epithelialization of existing erosions and healing (the beginning of scarring) of ulcers. The healing time of self-injuries was as follows, depending on the depth of the lesion: surface erosion and excoriation‑2 days, deep excoriation – 5 days, surface ulcers: on the upper extremities and neck – 9 days, on the lower extremities‑11 days.Conclusions. 1) Psychosomatic disorders, most often encoded by dermatologists under the heading ‘artificial dermatitis (ArD)’, are one of the pressing problems of modern medicine at the intersection of psychiatry and dermatology. 2) The severity and depth of destructive manifestations of ArD on the skin directly correlates with the severity of mental disorders. 3) With deep and multiple skin injuries, already at the level of impulsive disorders, there is a high probability of secondary infection. With ulcerative defects, such infection occurs inevitably. 4) Levomekol® ointment is a drug not only with a proven antimicrobial and regenerating effect, but also with a proven possibility of use in wounds with a pronounced exudative component, with excoriations of any depth. 5) When applying Levomekol® ointment on a large surface or on deep ulcers, the possibility of systemic effects should be taken into account, according to the instructions (such effects were not recorded in the presented study).

scholarly journals Complicated cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by an imported case of Leishmania tropica in Japan: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kitano ◽  
Chizu Sanjoba ◽  
Yasuyuki Goto ◽  
Kazumasa Iwamoto ◽  
Hiroki Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Imported Case ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is not endemic in Japan, and imported cases are rare. However, there are increasing concerns regarding imported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis from endemic countries to Japan. This report describes a case of imported cutaneous leishmaniasis that was diagnosed and treated in Japan. Case presentation A 53-year-old Pakistani man presented with skin lesions on both malleoli of his right ankle and the dorsum of the left foot. The skin lesions manifested as erythematous nodules surrounding an ulcer in the center of the lesion. The lesions of the malleoli of his right ankle each measured 3 × 3 cm, and the lesion on the top of his left foot measured 5 × 4 cm. He had been living and working in Japan but had a history of a visit to Pakistan for about 2 months in 2018. The skin lesions were biopsied. Giemsa and hematoxylin and eosin staining of biopsy samples showed amastigotes of Leishmania in macrophages, and the presence of Leishmania was confirmed by skin tissue culture. Polymerase chain reaction using biopsy specimens identified Leishmania parasites, and DNA sequence analysis revealed that the species was Leishmania tropica. The patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B for 6 days. The erythema disappeared, and the erythematous nodules resolved within 3 weeks. Conclusion This is the first report of imported cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica from Pakistan, and it is interesting that all three testing modalities showed positive results in this case.

scholarly journals The Occurrence and Comparative Phenotypic Characteristics of Staphylococcus spp. from Healthy and Diseased, Household and Shelter Dogs, Based on Routine Biochemical Diagnostic Methods

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRZEJ KASPROWICZ ◽  
ANNA BIAŁECKA ◽  
JOANNA BIAŁECKA ◽  
IZABELA GODZISZ ◽  
WIESŁAW BARABASZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Animal Shelter ◽  
Staphylococcal Species ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Shelter Dogs ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Infected Skin

To determine the staphylococcal colonization pattern in healthy and diseased dogs, living in two particular environments, a number of microbiological samples were taken. Overall, twenty dogs, either healthy or with infected skin lesions, were examined. In each case bacterial swabs were collected from the nasal mucosa, ear, perineum, lumbo-sacralis triangle, and from the infection sites if such were present. A total number of 104 isolates representing different staphylococcal species were isolated and identified using routine biochemical methods applied in diagnostic laboratories. Among 17 isolated staphylococcal species, Staphylococcus intermedius was the most common species isolated from both healthy or diseased dogs living either in animal shelter or household environments. The pattern of Staphylococcus sp. colonization differs considerably for animals living in the two tested habitats. In particular, S. aureus MRSA and MSSA isolates were detected only in infected skin lesion samples from animals that dwelled in the animal shelter. As could be expected, S. intermedius was found to be a predominant causative agent in canine skin infections. In our study, we demonstrated that S. intermedius in its carrier-state, inhabits mainly the mucosal membrane of the nasal vestibule. It was also found in the samples taken from the skin, the lumbo-sacralis triangle and perineum, but was rarely isolated from the ears.

Effects of low intensity laser irradiation during healing of infected skin lesions in the rat

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethne L. Nussbaum ◽  
Lothar Lilge ◽  
Tony Mazzulli ◽  
Kenneth P. Pritzker
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intensity Laser ◽  
Infected Skin

Nannizzia incurvata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Tinea Corporis ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Infected Skin

Abstract A description is provided for Nannizzia incurvata. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Recorded only from man and dog (but see NOTES). Guinea-pigs have been experimentally infected. DISEASE: Ringworm (dermatophytosis, tinea). Nannizzia incurvata is present in soil and apparently only rarely a cause of disease. In man the scalp (tinea capitis) and glabrous skin (tinea corporis) may be infected. Skin lesions are inflammatory but details of known scalp infections are not available. In experimental inoculations of guineapigs (Rdzanek, pers. comm.) N. incurvata was intermediate between N. gypsea and N. fulva in virulence, the reaction varying from negative to strongly inflammatory. Ectothrix hyphae breaking up into large arthrospores were seen on some hairs, and infected hairs did not fluoresce under Wood's light. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (India), Europe (Czechoslovakia, Great Britain and Ireland, Germany, Netherlands, Poland); U.S.A. (Tenn.); N. incurvata is probably of world-wide distribution in the soil.

Chemical and Laser Resurfacing of the Eyelids and Face

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Holds
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Skin Type ◽  
Skin Resurfacing ◽  
Skin Preparation ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Chemical Peels ◽  
History Of

Chemical peels, mechanical abrasion, and more recently laser and electrosurgical devices are used to resurface eyelid and facial skin. The common feature in these techniques is the denaturation or removal of the skin surface. These techniques typically help to hide skin changes related to sun exposure and aging by evening the skin tone, decreasing dyschromia, and diminishing wrinkles. These techniques all require careful case selection and patient preparation with appropriate treatment and postoperative care. Recent interest has focused on less invasive therapy with techniques that leave the epithelium largely intact, shortening healing time and reducing the risk of complications. Aging and sun damage induce a number of changes in skin, including wrinkling, the development of muscle- or gravity-related folds, irregular pigment or dyschromia, and the growth of benign and malignant skin lesions. Scars from acne, trauma, or surgery can also be indications for skin resurfacing. Potential benefit in all of these techniques must be balanced against risks and expected healing time. A medical history must be obtained, looking for a history of immune dysfunction, prior acne, or a history of herpes simplex outbreaks. Prior treatment with radiation or isotretinoin (Accutane) may diminish the pilosebaceous units required for healing. Acne rosacea and cutaneous telangiectasia may be aggravated by skin resurfacing. Cutaneous history must focus on scarring tendencies such as keloid formation, skin type, and ancestry. In particular, one must determine the patient’s skin type, most commonly by assigning a Fitzpatrick’s skin type. Patients with skin type III require careful topical preparation for skin resurfacing treatment in most cases, and patients with skin type IV or higher are more prone to scarring and pigment issues and are not treated with medium depth to deep skin resurfacing techniques by most clinicians. Wrinkles may be graded by the Glogau classification scheme. This scale from “fine wrinkles” (type 1) to “only wrinkles” (type IV) will help to define the amount and type of treatment needed. These loose recommendations will generally hold true in determining effective therapy. The deeper and more invasive the treatment, the more important the role of skin preparation and prophylaxis.

Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Infected Skin Lesions

2017 ◽  
pp. 385-430
Author(s):  
Sandra Simöes ◽  
Manuela Carvalheiro ◽  
Maria Manuela Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Infected Skin

Stability of Results of Treatment and Therapeutic Compliance of Patients with Organic Non-psychotic Mental Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S716-S716
Author(s):  
V. Rudnitsky ◽  
V.B. Nikitina ◽  
M.M. Axenov ◽  
N.P. Garganeeva ◽  
E.D. Schastnyy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Disturbances ◽  
Organic Process ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations ◽  
Positive Results

IntroductionNon-psychotic mental disorders of organic register tend to have protracted progressive course, to respond poorly to treatment. Traditionally it is explained by features of cerebral-organic process. However, affective, behavioural and cognitive disturbances can be complicated by medico-social problems including treatment-related.ObjectiveTo analyse efficiency and stability of results of the therapy of organic mental disorders and propose approaches and means of their improvement.MethodsClinical-psychopathological, epidemiological, clinical-dynamic, catamnestic, experimental-psychological, medical statistics.ResultsThe most frequent causes of decompensations of organic mental disorders in patients with positive results of the therapy were analyzed. Sixty-four percent (58 patients) after 6 months showed partial recurrence of symptoms and after a year the condition practically returned to the initial one. However, only 12.22% (11 patients) passed recommended course of maintenance therapy to sufficiently full extent, 23.33% (21 persons) have discontinued it due to subjective causes during a month after discharge, about 2/3 of patients during the first two months of the therapy. Patients showed low indicators of therapeutic compliance, low level of therapeutic alliance, little familiarity with the illness and treatment and unrealistic expectations about prospects of the therapy. During insignificant difficulties in the therapy, it usually was discontinued and renewed during relapse of symptoms. A medico-social approach with support of psychotherapeutic and psycho-corrective work and information educational programs were developed.ConclusionProposed psychotherapeutic and educational approach heightens efficiency and stability of treatment and can serve a basis for further improvement of psychiatric, psychotherapeutic and medico-social assistance for patients with organic mental disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF SECONDARY INFECTION OF WOUNDS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
O. Ya. Popadyuk
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Film ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Tissue Edema ◽  
Student’S T

According to the literature, postoperative complications and associated purulent-inflammatory processes occur in 35-60 % of patients, which increases the rates of postoperative mortality to 25 %. The main purpose of our work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the polymeric film «biodep-nano» in the prevention of secondary infection of wounds in patients with hemodialysis. Methods. The results of treatment of 36 patients divided into two groups were analyzed: the main group (18 patients) with applied traditional gauze dressings and the experimental group (18 patients) with additionally applied biodep-nano polymer films (Pat. No. 110594 Ukraine, MPK 2016.01, biodegradable polymer film «biodep-nano» is produced as «Hygienic and prophylactic. Biodegradable polymer film «Biodep-nano» of 50 g according to TU U 20.4-2950221612-001: 2017». Statistical data processing was performed using Student's t-test, 5 % (p≤0.05). Results. The results obtained showed that the temperature of the study area in the main group came to normal on the 3rd day (2.8±0.2 days), and in the group where traditional methods were used – on the 5-7th (5.9±0.4) day, (p<0.05). Reduction of tissue edema by an average of 3.8±1.2 days, and in the control group by an average of 6.1±1.7 days, (p<0.05). With regard to hyperemia, it gradually decreased and in the main group was up to 3.9±2.1 days on an average, and in the control group by 6.0±1.9 days (p<0.05). In the main group, the appearance of purulent discharge was observed in 1 patient, in the control group in 4 cases. The statistical calculations showed a significant statistical difference in the reduction of inflammatory process in both groups. Conclusions. The use of new methods and means of preventing secondary infections after surgery in patients with hemodialysis will enable to carry out dialysis of patients, shorten their stay in the clinic and save lives.

scholarly journals The Current State of Renal Replacement Therapy in the Treatment of Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
T. G. Kim ◽  
M. А. Magomedov ◽  
D. N. Protsenko ◽  
M. V. Zakharov ◽  
А. V. Marukhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions

Of all cases of acute kidney injury (AKI), 45-70% are associated with sepsis. Lethality in sepsis-associated AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) ranges from 40 to 50%, and in AKI combined with other organ dysfunctions - 60-80%. In order to improve the results of treatment of sepsis and septic shock, various methods of extracorporeal detoxification (ECD) have been developed. The effectiveness of these methods is controversial. In the treatment of sepsis, RRT is used not only to replace the impaired detoxification function of kidneys, but also to remove excess cytokines from the systemic bloodstream. The literature describes mainly positive results of the use of dialyzers with an adsorbing membrane, however, these data do not have the necessary degree of evidence. Currently, there are no clear criteria for the initiation of RRT, its duration and doses, the choice of methodology determined by specific clinical and laboratory parameters, and staging of this therapy. All this highlights the need for further research in this field.

scholarly journals OSTEOSYNTHESIS OF THE SPINE AT PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF EXTENSIVE METASTATIC SPREAD IN COMBINATION WITH RADIO- AND CHEMOTHERAPY

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
R. M. Tikhilov ◽  
D. Ph. Karagodin ◽  
D. A. Ptashnikov ◽  
D. V. Usikov ◽  
Sh. Sh. Magomedov
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Spread ◽  
Cannulated Screws ◽  
Pathological Fractures ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Painful Syndrome ◽  
Positive Results

The results of the stabilizing spine osteosynthesis in 82 patients with extensive metastatic spread are presented. Patients have been distributed to 3 groups: in I group the extended osteosynthesis of a spine without application cement vertebroplasty was carried out, in II group the extended spine osteosynthesis was performed, but with performance vertebroplasty through cannulated screws, in III group the limited osteosynthesis with cement vertebroplasty through cannulas screws was applied. Results of treatment were estimated considering spine support ability, elimination of a painful syndrome (scale of pain McAfee, 1989) and neurologic dysfunctions (scale ASIA/IMSOP, 1992), improvement of quality of a life (scale SF-36). The received positive results of treatment allow to conclude that tactics of treatment has been chosen correctly.

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