Additional opportunities for using computer technologies in expert analysis of laboratory data

2022 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
A. V. Solomennikov ◽  
A. I. Tyukavin ◽  
N. A. Arseniev
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Degree Correlation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Expert Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Processing

The presented work reflects the author’s algorithm of mathematical processing and possible interpretations of the results obtained when creating expert analytical systems using computer technology. As initial parameters for the construction of neural networks of the second level, it is proposed to use individual results of calculations of the ratios of a number of laboratory indicators capable of forming a single functional cluster (leukogram, indicators of water-electrolyte balance, protein fractions, etc.). Further, using the proposed calculation algorithm and the archive database, structural features in the ′deformation′ of the ratio panel were compared against the background of the growth of each indicator, a matrix table was built reflecting the degree (correlation coefficients, KCr) of the coincidence of the features of the formation of the structure of the obtained panels of the parameters determined in individual observations. At high values of KCr, a conclusion is made about their (determined parameters) unified participation in the mechanism of emerging disorders. Thus, the system allows you to establish a leading complex of associated relationships by changes in the structure of ratios in the selected panel, corresponding to the dynamics of deviation of the target (analyzed) indicator, thereby differentiating the different mechanisms of formation of pathological deviations in this patient, the manifestation and balance of their values in the system-wide response, to evaluate the specific value of the absolute indicator as the final result of such interaction at the time of examination of the patient. The approach used, proposed by the authors, allows us to evaluate not only quantitative relationships, but also the features of the manifestation of the functional properties of the evaluated indicators. All of the above significantly expands the informativeness of the obtained laboratory data, allowing us to build a reasonable paradigm of the connections of the emerging complex of pathological disorders in each individual case. In the list of references, the authors cite publications as concrete examples of the use of the proposed approach in assessing a complex of disorders with different pathological processes using different panels in calculations.

Expert-analytical approach to assessing activity of vitamin D based on determination of vitamin D associated links by indicators of water-electrolyte metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A. V. Solomennikov ◽  
S. L. Bogdanova ◽  
A. I. Tyukavin ◽  
N. A. Arsenyev
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Electrolyte Metabolism ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
Analytical System

The authors used the proposed method of mathematical and statistical processing of laboratory data (indicators of electrolyte metabolism and osteomarkers) of archived data of 82 patients with various bone diseases aged 9.90 ± 0.55 years compared the structural changes in the panel of ratios of individual electrolytes and the influence of individual indicators on them in personalized data, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about a single mechanism of coinciding influences in the exchange of bone tissue. At the same time, it was found that the complex of associated links detected by the vitamin influence on the panel of electrolyte ratios may differ signifcantly in some cases from each other. These differences consisted in highly pronounced differences in the activity of vitamin D in relation to various components of osteosynthesis and osteolysis, which are described in the modern literature. On this basis, the authors conclude that the used method (analytical system) allows to identify the functional connections of the dynamics of the indicator of vitamin D in individual cases with the dynamics of other indicators of bone, which signifcantly expands the informativeness of the results of laboratory examination of the patient in determining the leading systems the implementation of functional activity of the vitamin. The presented results justify the possibility of creating and describing different images of vitamin D-related changes in the plasma electrolyte composition, followed by their use in the identifcation of certain disorders of calcium metabolism and/or evaluating the effectiveness of the therapy used in each individual case.

GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-653
Author(s):  
Roberto Rueda-Williamson ◽  
Hedwig E. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Length Increment ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
Very High

A longitudinal study was conducted on growth and food intake of 67 unselected healthy, full-term infants from 2 to 15 months of age. The length and weight progress of infants in the study was, during the first year of life, very similar to progress as reported in an earlier study by other investigators, indicating that no striking change in size of 2-to-12-month-old infants had occurred in this area during 30 years, despite changes in feeding practices. The study infants had high calorie and very high protein intakes as compared with Recommended Allowances of the National Research Council. The question of whether some of the very high intakes seen in this study could be potentially harmful or at least beyond the range of optimum nutrition was raised. The desirability of establishing nutritional ceilings was considered. The correlation between length increment and calorie or protein intake was not significant. The correlation coefficients between weight increments and calorie intake were significant but low, indicating that other variables beside food intake influenced size and speed of growth. The correlations between iron intakes and hemoglobin levels and between fat, protein, and calorie intakes and cholesterol levels were not significant. Individual case studies indicated that the most important variables in the energy balance, beside food intake and growth, were illness and physical activity. Environment affected the balance indirectly inasmuch as it influenced physical activity.

Measuring Musical Rhythm Similarity: Statistical Features Versus Transformation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. Beltran ◽  
Xiaohua Liu ◽  
Nishant Mohanchandra ◽  
Godfried T. Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Edit Distance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Earth Movers Distance ◽  
Mallows Distance ◽  
Transformation Methods ◽  
Music Information

Two approaches to measuring the similarity between symbolically notated musical rhythms are compared with each other and with human judgments of perceived similarity. The first is the edit-distance, a popular transformation method, applied to the symbolic rhythm sequences. The second approach employs the histograms of the inter-onset-intervals (IOIs) calculated from the rhythms. Furthermore, two methods for dealing with the histograms are also compared. The first utilizes the Mallows distance, a transformation method akin to the Earth-Movers distance popular in computer vision, and the second extracts a group of standard statistical features, used in music information retrieval, from the IOI-histograms. The measures are compared using four contrastive musical rhythm data sets by means of statistical Mantel tests that compute correlation coefficients between the various dissimilarity matrices. The results provide evidence from the aural domain, that transformation methods such as the edit distance are superior to feature-based methods for predicting human judgments of similarity. The evidence also supports the hypothesis that IOI-histogram-based methods are better than music-theoretical structural features computed from the rhythms themselves, provided that the rhythms do not share identical IOI histograms.

Cleft Sentences: Form, Function, and Translation

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Form Function ◽  
Sentence Construction ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
And Function

Although cleft sentences are possible constructions in both English and German, they are far more frequent in English texts. Durrell (2002: 479) observes in his Hammer's German Grammar and Usage that “with the exception of the type Er war es, der mich davon abhielt […], cleft sentence constructions sound unnatural in German and should be avoided.” The article discusses the form and function of cleft sentences in the context of other focusing devices. It shows that, although German and English cleft sentences have the same information structure, their stylistic value is very different. Using a short translation, Durrell's observation is confirmed: in translating cleft sentences into German, semantic equivalence is often sacrificed for stylistic appropriateness. Although structural features of both languages are the ultimate cause of the contrast, they cannot explain choices in each individual case. The article argues that structural typology should be complemented with a typology of parole: the respective frequencies of cleft sentences in both languages reflect neatly into the more verbal style, more hierarchical sentence construction and, in certain respects, greater semantic transparency of English texts (by comparison with their German counterparts).*

scholarly journals The ethics of machine learning-based clinical decision support: an analysis through the lens of professionalisation theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils B. Heyen ◽  
Sabine Salloch
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Physician Patient Relationship ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background Machine learning-based clinical decision support systems (ML_CDSS) are increasingly employed in various sectors of health care aiming at supporting clinicians’ practice by matching the characteristics of individual patients with a computerised clinical knowledge base. Some studies even indicate that ML_CDSS may surpass physicians’ competencies regarding specific isolated tasks. From an ethical perspective, however, the usage of ML_CDSS in medical practice touches on a range of fundamental normative issues. This article aims to add to the ethical discussion by using professionalisation theory as an analytical lens for investigating how medical action at the micro level and the physician–patient relationship might be affected by the employment of ML_CDSS. Main text Professionalisation theory, as a distinct sociological framework, provides an elaborated account of what constitutes client-related professional action, such as medical action, at its core and why it is more than pure expertise-based action. Professionalisation theory is introduced by presenting five general structural features of professionalised medical practice: (i) the patient has a concern; (ii) the physician deals with the patient’s concern; (iii) s/he gives assistance without patronising; (iv) s/he regards the patient in a holistic manner without building up a private relationship; and (v) s/he applies her/his general expertise to the particularities of the individual case. Each of these five key aspects are then analysed regarding the usage of ML_CDSS, thereby integrating the perspectives of professionalisation theory and medical ethics. Conclusions Using ML_CDSS in medical practice requires the physician to pay special attention to those facts of the individual case that cannot be comprehensively considered by ML_CDSS, for example, the patient’s personality, life situation or cultural background. Moreover, the more routinized the use of ML_CDSS becomes in clinical practice, the more that physicians need to focus on the patient’s concern and strengthen patient autonomy, for instance, by adequately integrating digital decision support in shared decision-making.

Clinical Performance of a Novel Portable epoc™ Analyzer for Arterial Blood Gas and Electrolyte Testing in Operating Rooms

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. MEI.S9056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigekazu Sugino ◽  
Yoshiya Ishioka ◽  
Shun-suke Tachibana ◽  
Tomo Hayase ◽  
Michiaki Yamakage
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Operating Rooms ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Three Samples

Background A new blood gas analyzer (epoc™, Epocal Inc.) has recently been developed for the ambulatory monitoring of respiration and electrolyte balance. However, the accuracy of this instrument has not been fully elucidated. The present study compares the performance of the epoc™ analyzer and a conventional bench-top analyzer in operating rooms. Materials and Methods Fifty blood samples were collected from anesthetized surgical patients and three samples were collected from volunteers into syringes containing lithium heparin. pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+, K+ Ca2+, glucose, lactate and hemoglobin levels were measured using both the epoc™ and calibrated ABL700™ analyzers (Radiometer). Data were statistically analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots. Results Results showed excellent agreement between the values measured using the epoc™ analyzer and those obtained using the ABL700™ analyzer, except for Na+. Conclusions The epoc™ analyzer is useful in clinical settings, including operating rooms.

Potassium and Sodium Homeostasis in the Neonate

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Nash
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Capillary Refill ◽  
High Risk Neonate

MANAGEMENT OF FLUIDS AND electrolytes is crucial when caring for the high-risk neonate. Fluid and electrolyte requirements vary with developmental limitations related to gestational age, as well as by the diagnosis or disease process involved. Management is further complicated by the physiologic contraction of extracellular water, and subsequent weight loss, that occurs during the first week after birth. Therefore, fluid and electrolyte balance requires meticulous assessment of both physiologic and clinical data in conjunction with laboratory data. Data to be followed include heart rate, blood pressure, skin turgor, capillary refill, mucus membranes, fullness of the anterior fontanel, daily (or more frequent) weights, intake and output, creatinine levels, and daily (or more frequent) serum electrolyte levels.1,2 Very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants may require an assessment of weight as often as three times a day and sampling of serum electrolytes as often as every four to eight hours.1

scholarly journals Accuracy of Solar Eclipse Calculation Algorithm Based on Jet Propulsion Laboratory Data Nasa

Al-Ahkam ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
M Basthoni
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Jet Propulsion ◽  
Computation Algorithm ◽  
Solar Eclipses ◽  
Jet Propulsion Laboratory ◽  
The Difference

<p>DE200 and DE405 are Development Ephemeris (DE) series released by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1981 and 1997. NASA uses DE405 to predict solar eclipses in 2011-2020. While before 2011 and after 2020 NASA uses VSOP87/ELP200 theory-based DE200. Why NASA not only use more updated series DE405 and still use old release DE200? What is the difference of DE200  accuracy compared to DE405 to predict solar eclipse? This needs to be researched because the solar eclipse predicted by NASA is used as a reference by the researchers. To answer this question, this paper proposes a solar eclipse computation algorithm based on DE200 and DE405 data and the results will be compared with the results of observations of the March 9, 2016, solar eclipse that have been carried out <em>lang</em><em>it selatan</em> to find out a more accurate DE series. The results of this study indicate that the DE200 series is more accurate than DE405 with an average difference of 0.5 - 0.6 seconds with the results of observations.</p>

scholarly journals Influence of Fusarium graminearum Infection on the Accumulation of Mycotoxins in Wheat Grains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otilia Cotuna ◽  
Mirela Paraschivu ◽  
Veronica Sărățeanu ◽  
Elena Partal ◽  
Carmen Claudia Durău
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Attack Intensity

Fusarium graminearum is a dangerous pathogen of the cereals producing mycotoxins (trichothecene and zearalenone) harmful for human and animal health. There were evaluated sixteen winter wheat varieties for their response in conditions of natural infection with F. graminearum in the epidemic year 2019, being well known that accumulation of mycotoxins (DON, ZON and T-2) is induced by different biotic and abiotic factors. Field plot was organized in Latin rectangle randomized with three replicates. For all evaluated wheat varieties were collected field data (incidence, severity and infection degree of the fungus F. graminearum) and laboratory data (mycotoxins concentration in grains) that have been processed using the software JASP (Version 0.14) for descriptive statistics, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to calculate Pearson&rsquo;s correlation coefficients. The results showed negative corelation between plants&rsquo; density and F. graminearum attack frequency. Positive correlations were found between DON and T-2 and between DON and fungus attack intensity. This work highlights that during a F. graminearum epidemic year some of the most influential factors in the contamination with harmful mycotoxins (DON, ZON and T-2) are: plants density, frequency of the attack on ear, diseased ears and attack intensity on ears.

scholarly journals Correlation coefficient between some productive and reproductive traits of Jersey and Red Sindhi crosses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Zekrullah Motmain ◽  
Ram Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Degree Correlation ◽  
Management Condition ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Degree

The observation on relationship between some productive and reproductive traits of Jersey (J) x Red Sindhi (RS) cows. The data for the study were collected from 50 history sheets records maintained in the department of animal husbandry, Sam Higginbottom Institute–Deemed-to-be-Allahabad University, dairy farm Allahabad for the period from 1944 to 1960 Animals were managed by skilled persons under similar management condition. The mean of first second and third lactation length, lactation yield were 370.200 days, 474.320 days, 368.320 days, 1887.273 kg, 1975. 961 kg, and 1731.426 kg respectively. The mean of age at calving, first and second calving interval were 983.86 days, 436.44 days and 454.68 days respectively. There was high degree correlation between productive and reproductive traits. A total of 18 correlation coefficients were collected for determining the correlation between lactation length, lactation yield and age at calving, first and second calving interval. From 18 correlation, 10 values were found significant and 8 values were found non-significant.

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