scholarly journals Antiplasmodial diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum heterophyllum: Isolation, characterization, and UHPLC-DAD based quantification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmol - ◽  
Surekha Kumari ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Raman Singh ◽  
Gaurav Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Diterpenoid Alkaloid ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Aconitic Acid ◽  
Marker Compounds ◽  
Aconitum Heterophyllum ◽  
First Time

Aconitum heterophyllum is a traditionally important medicinal plant having numerous therapeutic actions as documented in Ayurveda. This plant has been used alone as well as in combination with other plants for the preparation of different anti-malarial formulations. However, there is no report on the assessment of its anti-plasmodial activity, and the compound responsible for this activity. The main aim of this study was to conduct phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum roots for the preparation of extract, fractions and isolation of pure molecules to identify active fractions/molecules responsible for the anti-plasmodial activity, and development of UHPLC-DAD based analytical method which can be used for the quantification of marker compounds in the extracts and fractions. Hydro-alcoholic extract (1:1 v/v) and fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) were prepared from the dried powdered roots of A. heterophyllum. Fractions were further subjected to silica gel-based column chromatography to isolate pure specialized secondary metabolites from this plant. All extracts, fractions and pure molecules were evaluated against the chloroquine resistant Pf INDO and chloroquine sensitive Pf3D7 strains in culture for calculating their IC50 values. UHPLC-DAD based analytical method was also developed for the first time for the quantification and quality assessment of this commercially important Himalayan medicinal plant. Phytochemical investigation of A. heterophyllum root led to the isolation of six specialized metabolites named as 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), atisinium (2), 4-oxabicyclo [3.2.2] nona-1(7),5,8-triene (3), atisinium cinnamate (4), aconitic acid (5), and atisinium formate (6). Compound 1 is a new hetisine type diterpenoid alkaloid, compounds 4 and 6 are new counter ionic forms observed with atisinium ion, and compound 3 is being reported for the first time from this genus. Chloroform fraction was found to be the most active with IC50 (µg/mL) 1.01 (Pf INDO) and 1.32 (Pf3D7). The isolated molecule 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1), a new diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from chloroform fraction, showed promising antiplasmodial activities with IC50 (µM) 1.92 (Pf INDO) and 10.8 (Pf 3D7). Activity of chloroform fraction was further validated by the developed UHPLC-DAD based method as the quantity of 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) was higher in the chloroform fraction (≅200 µg/mL) than in all other fractions (< 7µg/mL). Atisinium (2) and 2-O-cinnamoyl hetisine (1) were found to be the main marker compounds of this plant based on quantity and antiplasmodial activity, respectively. This study provides the scientific rational for the traditional use of this plant in treating malaria. Further, this study revealed that anti-malarial potential of this plant might be due to the presence of diterpenoid alkaloids.

scholarly journals Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of the Compounds Isolated from Vanda roxburghii

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Salim Ahammed ◽  
Rejina Afrin ◽  
Nasim Uddin ◽  
Yusuf Al-Amin ◽  
Kamrul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
First Time

Vanda roxburghii has been used in traditional medicine to treat nervous system disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We reported earlier a high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activity in the chloroform fraction of this plant. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the compounds with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities from the chloroform fraction of Vanda roxburghii. Phytochemical investigation led to the isolation for the first time of a fatty acid ester: methyl linoleate (1), and three phenolics: syringaldehyde (2), vanillin (3), and dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate (4) along with the previously reported compound gigantol (5). Among the isolates, vanillin (3) and dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate (4) were found to significantly inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase, scavenge the free radicals, exhibit the reducing power and total antioxidant activity, and effectively reduce the peroxidation of lipid. Gigantol (5) and syringaldehyde (2), despite lacking the activity against acetylcholinesterase, exhibited antioxidant activity. Among the compounds, gigantol (5) appeared to be the most potent antioxidant. These findings revealed that V. roxburghii contained compounds with potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activity, which support its traditional use in the treatment of AD.

Dwindling status of Epimedium Elatum (Morren & Decne) and its geographical distribution in Kashmir Himalaya, India

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Kashmir Himalayas ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Epimedium elatum (Morren & Decne) of family Berberidaceace is a rare perennial medicinal plant, endemic to high altitude forests of Northwestern Himalayas in India. Ethnobotanically, it has been used as an ingredient for treatment of bone-joint disorders, impotence and kidney disorders in Kashmir Himalayas. Phytochemically, it is rich in Epimedin ABC and Icariin; all of these have been demonstrated to possess remarkable biological activities like PDE-5 inhibition (treatment of erectile dysfunction), anticancer, antiosteoporosis antioxidant and antiviral properties. The present investigation reports its traditional usage, comprehensive distribution and conservation status from twenty ecogeographical regions in Kashmir Himalayas, India. The species was reported from Gurez valley for the first time. Numerous threats like excessive grazing, deforestration, habitat fragmentation, tourism encroachment, landslides and excessive exploitation have decreased its natural populations in most of the surveyed habitats. Consequently, its existence may become threatened in near future if timely conservation steps are not taken immediately by concerned stakeholders involved in medicinal plant research. Moreover, use of plant tissue culture techniques is recommended for development of its in vitro propagation protocols. Therefore, introduction of this medicinal plant in botanical gardens, protected sites and development of monitoring programmes are needed for its immediate conservation in Northwestern Himalayas, India.

Phytochemical Constituents of Annona reticulata and their Cytotoxic Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-210
Author(s):  
Ty Viet Pham ◽  
Thang Quoc Le ◽  
Anh Tuan Le ◽  
Hung Quoc Vo ◽  
Duc Viet Ho
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
First Time ◽  
Annona Reticulata

A phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Annona reticulata led to the isolation and structural determination of β-sitosterol (1), ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid (2), ent-pimara- 8(14),15-dien-19-ol (3), quercetin (4), quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (5), and a mixture of quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (6a) and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6b). Of these, compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from the genus Annona for the first time. Compound 3 showed strong cytotoxicity against SK-LU-1 and SW626 cell lines with IC50 values of 17.64 ± 1.07 and 19.79 ± 1.41 μg mL-1, respectively.

Isolation and HPLC Determination of the Chemical Components of Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Ying Wei ◽  
Yongqiao Liu ◽  
Yifan Hele ◽  
Weiwei Sun ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Major Chemical ◽  
Main Components ◽  
First Time

Background: Gentianella acuta (Michx.) Hulten is an important type of medicinal plant found in several Chinese provinces. It has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. However, there is not enough detailed information about the chemical constituents of this plant or methods for their content determination. Objective: The focus of this work is the isolation and characterization of the major chemical constituents of Gentianella acuta, and developing an analytical method for their determination. Methods: The components of Gentianella acuta were isolated using (1) ethanol extraction and adsorption on macroporous resin. (2) and ethyl acetate extraction and high speed countercurrent chromatography. A HPLC-DAD method was developed using a C18 column and water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Based on compound polarities, both isocratic and gradient elution methods were developed. Results: A total of 29 compounds were isolated from this plant, of which 17 compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. The main components in this plant were found to be xanthones. The HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for their determination, and found to show good sensitivity and reliability. Conclusion: The results of this work add to the limited body of work available on this important medicinal plant. The findings will be useful for further investigation and development of Gentianella acuta for its valuable medicinal properties.

scholarly journals Anti-Tumor and Anti-Inflammatory Activity In Vivo of Apodanthera congestiflora Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae)

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Geovana F. G. Silvestre ◽  
Renally P. Lucena ◽  
Genil D. Oliveira ◽  
Helimarcos N. Pereira ◽  
Jhonatta A. B. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Ehrlich's Carcinoma ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
First Time ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

This work aimed to carry out a study of Apodanthera congestiflora by investigating its chemical composition and pharmacological potential. From the dichloromethane phase (Dic-Ac) of the A. congestiflora stems, three compounds were identified: cayaponoside C5b (Ac-1), cabenoside C (Ac-2) and fevicordin C2 glucoside (Ac-3), being last identified for the first time as a natural product. These compounds were obtained by chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis of IR, MS and NMR. In the quantification of Dic-Ac, it was possible to observe the presence of 7% of cayaponoside C5b. Dic-Ac showed significant toxicity for in vivo tests, with macroscopic and biochemical changes. The anti-inflammatory activity of Dic-Ac was investigated using the paw edema model. A decrease in inflammatory signs was observed in the first 5 h and the most effective dose in reducing edema with was 7.5 mg kg−1 (66.6%). Anti-tumor activity of Dic-Ac was evaluated by Ehrlich’s carcinoma model, which showed inhibition rate of 78.46% at 15 mg kg−1 dosage. The phytochemical investigation, together with the biological tests carried out in this study, demonstrated that A. congestiflora is a promising species in the search for therapeutics, since it contains substances with high pharmacological potential in its composition.

scholarly journals Mammalian Arginase Inhibitory Activity of Methanolic Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Cyperus Species

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Kamel Arraki ◽  
Perle Totoson ◽  
Alain Decendit ◽  
Andy Zedet ◽  
Justine Maroilley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
First Time

Polyphenolic enriched extracts from two species of Cyperus, Cyperus glomeratus and Cyperus thunbergii, possess mammalian arginase inhibitory capacities, with the percentage inhibition ranging from 80% to 95% at 100 µg/mL and 40% to 64% at 10 µg/mL. Phytochemical investigation of these species led to the isolation and identification of two new natural stilbene oligomers named thunbergin A-B (1–2), together with three other stilbenes, trans-resveratrol (3), trans-scirpusin A (4), trans-cyperusphenol A (6), and two flavonoids, aureusidin (5) and luteolin (7), which were isolated for the first time from C.thunbergii and C. glomeratus. Structures were established on the basis of the spectroscopic data from MS and NMR experiments. The arginase inhibitory activity of compounds 1–7 was evaluated through an in vitro arginase inhibitory assay using purified liver bovine arginase. As a result, five compounds (1, 4–7) showed significant inhibition of arginase, with IC50 values between 17.6 and 60.6 µM, in the range of those of the natural arginase inhibitor piceatannol (12.6 µM). In addition, methanolic extract from Cyperus thunbergii exhibited an endothelium and NO-dependent vasorelaxant effect on thoracic aortic rings from rats and improved endothelial dysfunction in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model.

SCREENING OF ANTI-ANXIETY ACTIVITY OF UNRIPE FRUITS OF MUSA PARADISIACA LINN.

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (09) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
C. S Hallikeri ◽  
◽  
S. D Joshi ◽  
P Patil ◽  
V. H Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Cns Depressant Activity ◽  
Unripe Fruits

The alcoholic extract of unripe fruits of Musa paradisiaca Linn. (Musaceae) was evaluated for antianxiety activity by using operant behavior (behavioral disinhibition) model of anxiety in albino rats. Phytochemical investigation of alcoholic extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, amino acids,vitamins and carbohydrates. Alcoholic extract showed significant anti-punishment and anti-frustration activities at dose level of 500 mg/kg/day for 5 days which is comparable to standard drug, diazepam 5mg/kg. The presence of amino acid and flavonoids in alcoholic extract could be attributed for the antianxiety and other CNS depressant activity.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT MORICANDIA ARVENSIS L. FROM ALGERIAN SAHARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Berreghioua ◽  
Abdelkrim Cheriti
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Algerian Sahara ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Moricandia Arvensis ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Objective: The aim of this research was to isolate and identify flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Moricandia arvensis.Methods: The phytochemical screening reaction and thin-layer chromatography have been used to characterize the chemical groups, before they were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance.Results: The leaves contain essentially flavonoids, tannins, cardenolides, saponins, and alkaloids. The phytochemical investigation of the water-acetone extract led to the isolation of five flavonoids derivatives, namely: 5,7-dihydroxy-3,6,4’-trimethoxyflavone (1); 5,7,4’-trihydroxy- 3,6,8,3’-tetramethoxyflavone (2); 3,3’,4’, 5,7- pentahydroxy flavanone (3); 3-glucosyl 3’,4’,5,7 tetrahydroxy flavonol (4); and kaempférol-3- digalactopyranoside (5). The structures of 1–5 were identified by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in the literature.Conclusion: In this work, it was possible to isolate and identify five flavonoids after fractionation of the hydroacetone extract from the leaves of the medicinal plant M. arvensis.

scholarly journals Labdane and Abietane Diterpenoids from Juniperus oblonga and Their Cytotoxic Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao ◽  
Khutsishvili ◽  
Alizade ◽  
Atha ◽  
Borris
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Human Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Abietane Diterpenoids ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mcf 7

A phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of Juniperus oblonga led to the isolationof one previously undescribed labdane diterpenoid, (4R,5S,9S,10R)‐13‐des‐ethyl‐13‐oxolabda‐8(17),11E‐dien‐19‐oic acid (1), together with nine known diterpenoids (2–3, 6–12), two lignans (4, 5),and a coumarin (13). The structures of all the compounds were elucidated on the basis ofspectrometric data, primarily one‐dimensional (1D)‐ and two‐dimensional (2D)‐NMR and massspectrometry. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations determined the absoluteconfiguration of 1. In addition, the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activityagainst three human tumor cell lines (HepG2, MCF‐7, and HeLa). 6,12‐Dihydroxyabieta‐5,8,11,13‐tetraen‐7‐one (6) showed moderate cytotoxicity against all three cell lines with IC50 values rangingfrom 24.41 μM to 58.39 μM and trilobinone (10) showed weaker activity with IC50 values rangingfrom 56.93 μM to 79.98 μM. None of the isolated diterpenoids have been previously reported fromJuniperus oblonga, and five compounds are here reported from the genus Juniperus for the first time.

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