Крещение Грузии: народная традиция и исторические свидетельства (BAPTISM OF GEORGIA: FOLK TRADITION AND HISTORICAL EVIDENCE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Любовь Тимофеевна (Lyubov T.) Соловьева (Solovyova)
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Folk Tradition

Автор рассматривает свод сохранившихся свидетельств о крещении Грузии и распространении там христианства. Важно соотнести пласт народных преданий с историческими фактами, сохранившимися в документах, в письменных и других источниках. Никаких противоречий здесь не наблюдается. Можно констатировать, что христианизация страны была благом для ее народа, поскольку повлияла на этногенез и в конечном счете на появление грузинского этноса, сформировала основу грузинской культуры. The author considers the set of surviving evidence of the baptism of Georgia and the spread of Christianity there. It is important to correlate the layer of folk traditions with historical facts preserved in documents, in written and other sources. No contradictions are observed here. It can be stated that the Christianization of the country was a blessing for its people, since it influenced ethnogenesis and, ultimately, the emergence of the Georgian ethnic group, formed the basis of Georgian culture.

scholarly journals Women In The Folk Literature Of Sindh: Re-Examining The Poetry Of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Bashir Ahmed ◽  
Humera Naz
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Folk Literature ◽  
Religious Factors ◽  
Historical Truth

This article is an attempt to examine the significance of folk literature which embodies the history, tradition and culture; implies a socio-cultural corpus specific to a particular ethnic group, and includes folk-behavior or the study of the specific customs and beliefs of a given social group and folk life or the study of folk-traditions. The folk literature of Sindh, like all other folk literature is the result of an interaction of cultural, geographical and religious factors that offers valuable historical evidence of cultural influence. Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai (1689- 1752 CE) is a celebrated Sufi poet, philosopher and social reformist, who employed folklore as a major segment in his poetry. The collection of Bhitai’s poetry which mostly comprised of the folklore is titled Shah Jo Risalo. This paper deals with a socio-cultural analysis of the folklore as a source for providing an image of the woman in the society. The Sindhi folklore also depicts an interesting picture of the prevailing customs and traditions. This article deals with a critical approach in order to reveal some historical truth in this regard.

scholarly journals Food Design and Film Art in the Preservation of Ethnic Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Valeri Ignatevich Kukenkov
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Information Tools ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Unusual Combination ◽  
Food Design ◽  
Positive Effect

The author outlines that the study of food design and film art as part of the country's ethnic culture examines the preservation and development of traditions and interethnic ties. Given that folk traditions have a peculiarity to develop, being in constant search of new solutions, taking into account the emergence of new materials, technologies and information tools, an idea to combine the potential of film art and food design in research has started up. It is noted that the search for analogues of the issue studied has no positive effect. The purpose of the study is a theoretical justification for the possibility of using different art forms as tools to unlock the possibilities and diversity of the art of food and filmmaking. Based on the study of various sources, it has been found that the topic of preserving the ethnic cultures of Russia is relevant and new, due to the unusual combination of the art of food and filmmaking. Hypothesis. It is suggested that the preservation and development of the country's ethnic cultures and intercultural ties is possible if best practices and achievements of food design as an essential part of people's culture will be applied while modelling different forms and spaces in film art. Results. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the hypothesis put forward has historical evidence in the works of such scientists as: Kostomarov N.I., Orlovskaya A.V. and Pokhlebkin V.V. Based on their experience and knowledge the following is possible: formation of new approaches, serch for new solutions and development of new forms and spaces, using advances in food design, film art and people's culture.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF ETHNO-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHUVASHIA: BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEYS

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Olga V. Karpova ◽  
Irina V. Muravyeva ◽  
Alevtina N. Pavlova ◽  
Evgeny V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Main Factors

The article is devoted to the study of ethnocultural features in the Chuvash Republic at the present stage. This problem is topical from the point of view of regional ethnic processes, as well as the strategy of national state policy. The authors analyze the materials of empirical research on the issues of preserving and value of the national culture and interethnic relations, which were conducted in the Chuvash Republic annually in 2017–2019. The number of respondents each year was a little over 600. The results of processing these surveys showed that if the Chuvash language is more important for the Chuvash as a factor of ethnic identity, for the Russians it is a «common land, territory». The authors believe that for the Chuvash people, their native language is one of the main factors not only in terms of implementing the opportunities to communicate in it and its importance for maintaining folk traditions, but in connection with actualization of the problem of preserving their ethnic group in conditions of a globalized society as well. Some concerns for safekeeping the national culture are related to passivity of the population itself and a low level of awareness-building efforts in this area.

scholarly journals “The Birds of Clay”: An Apocryphal Motif in Folklore Legends

Slovene ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Local History ◽  
Jewish Literature ◽  
Great Stability ◽  
Oral Culture ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Apocryphal Gospels ◽  
Folk Tradition

The article describes the adaptation of the apocryphal Gospels motif—the revival of clay birds by Jesus—in the folk traditions of Eastern and Western Slavs. The texts of folk legends demonstrate not only the active inclusion of apocryphal motifs in oral narratives, but they also incorporate the motifs’ biblical contexts and they emphasize themes that are close to everyday life and that reflect local history. The folklore texts analyzed here are from different regions of the Slavic world (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland); they allow us to conclude that the oral tradition has retained, with great stability, these fragments from medieval sources up to the present day. Moreover, it is interesting to note the different interpretations of the same motif in monuments of Christian and Jewish literature (apocryphal Gospels and the pamphlet Toledot Yeshu). The fairly large group of folk legends with apocryphal motifs, occurring in different Slavic traditions from the 19th to the 21st centuries, thus testifies not only to the continued relevance of the biblical plots for oral culture, but also to the importance of the Apocrypha for the broadcasting and preservation of biblical stories in the folk tradition.

scholarly journals The Funeral Customs in the Folk Traditions of Greece and the Territory of the Republic of Macedonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Lidija Kovacheva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Folk Beliefs ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
Of Greece

Abstract This paper explores the parallel interpretation of the funerals, the folk beliefs and the symbolic understandings of funeral customs in the Greek and the folk tradition in the territory of the Republic of Macedonia. Most of the Greek funeral customs, as well as those in the Macedonian folk tradition, can be connected with those that were practiced in other people and in other times. Although impression is gained that the ancient funeral customs have been forgotten, they have lived their development thus as they could, with the aim to satisfy the living and to give expression of human grief, pain, enthusiasm and even hope. In the Greek and Macedonian folk traditions, old beliefs and rites are present today as well in these areas. In some places they have been altered as a result of the contemporary views, and in some rural areas are almost identical as in the time when they first appeared. The aim is to show the similarities and differences within the scope of the funeral and magical - ritual actions between these two folk traditions that begin immediately after the death of a loved one and continue until the funeral. This paper will also offer a comparative analysis of the funeral customs between the Greek and the Macedonian folk tradition by observing the rudiments of the funeral customs that were practiced in the past. In certain cases they have been altered as a result of modern views, and in some rural areas they have remained unchanged

scholarly journals The Hutsuls in South Bukovina: from Rural Tradition to Sustainable Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despina Saghin ◽  
Elena Matei ◽  
Ioana Cojocaru ◽  
Gabriela Manea ◽  
Octavian Cocoş
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Pastoral Area ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right

Abstract The Hutsuls, an ethnic group belonging to the Bukovina’s agro-forestry and pastoral area, still preserve ancient folk traditions which generate friendly practices and attitudes towards the environment. Globalisation and modernisation have brought about changes in the local rural traditions which, on the one hand, threaten their singularity, and on the other hand, set the stage for a new start. The paper aims to analysethe perception of the Bukovina’s communities on the tradition-sustainable development relations considered from a double perspective: the Hutsuls’ traditions and the evolution of the group itself under changes in Romania in the last 25 years. Consequently, our approach has sought to make a correlation between the information collected from the scientific literature, the answers given in a field survey and the opinions expressed in the media concerning this subject. The results of the study have shown that both the occupations and the traditions of the Hutsul ethnics, as well as their spiritual and cultural life, are strongly linked to the natural elements of the environment which the Hutsuls consider to be the basic resources for their existence. However, given that nowadays young people migrate abroad, the community’s perception is indicative of a particular concern to do with the viability of this ethnic group; that is, the human right to turn to modernisation and the efficiency of multicultural policies application in Romania. The study is hence useful from several points of view: it can disseminate information on a national level concerning this little-known ethnicity; it can promote the role of the ethnic groups in reaching the local objectives of sustainable development; and it can supply the authorities with the necessary information for taking the right decissions, be they political, cultural, economic or demographic.

scholarly journals Medieval Kazakh History in Arab and Persian Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Markhaba ◽  
◽  
Islam Zhemeney ◽  
Aman K. Rakhmetullin ◽  
Kalamkas B. Bolatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Systematic Processing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The relevance of this topic lies in the analysis of the study of medieval Kazakh history. After gaining independence, the processes of the revival of national identity, reinstatement of primitive spiritual and moral values and human mentality, which were sharply suppressed during the period of the Soviet totalitarian system, became widespread. Therewith, the widely discussed national-historical structure of the population, the knowledge of ethnic roots, the restoration of traditions and customs, which served as a connecting link, as well as the specificity and originality of the approach are of particular importance. Currently, the problem of objective reading, coverage, and popularisation of the ancient and medieval Kazakh history and culture is acute. By rejecting one-sided interpretations of historical events, established clichés require impartial, academic analysis based on evidence drawn from a wide range of sources. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems of the history of Kazakhstan in the 13th-14th centuries, the general laws of world historical development and the features of the historical process, folk traditions by using a scientific and systematic approach. Based on the systematisation and classification of data from the geographical and Arab historical records of the 13th-14th centuries, the analysis of written monuments is performed, their interdependence is established, and the degree of completeness and reliability of the data in the works of the narrative is determined in an integral system. Due to the scientific expeditions and research trips to Mongolia, China, and Germany, Kazakh orientalists analysed and performed the first systematic processing of archival materials and historical evidence of the early history of resettlement based on the ancient Turkic manuscript, ancient Indian, and Chinese sources that formed a picture of the proto and ancient history. For example, the features of stone figures give an idea of the military hierarchy, military operations, the settlement of ethnic groups (ethnogeography), the worldview of the Turks, etc.

scholarly journals TRADITIONS OF V.V. BIANKI IN THE WORKS OF OSSETIAN CHILDREN’S WRITERS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Б. БРИТАЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Children's Literature ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Folk Tradition

В статье впервые в осетиноведении анализируется влияние традиций русской позна- вательной, научно-художественной литературы, а именно творчества Виталия Вален- тиновича Бианки, на становление осетинской детской словесности, на развитие жанров литературной сказки, природоведческого рассказа, научно-популярной повести. На мате- риале произведений осетинских авторов познавательный аспект рассматривается как один из важнейших составляющих детской литературы. Произведения К. Дзесова, В. Га- глоева М. Купеева, Ч. Айларова, М. Дзасохова, Г. Чеджемова и др. пропагандируют знания о природе, обществе, человеке и его деятельности, способствуют расширению кругозора ребенка. Во многих отношениях современная осетинская природоведческая литература – это продолжение и развитие традиций архаического животного эпоса. Герои ее наделены двойственными признаками – человеческими и животными. Они – своеобразный способ разговора взрослого с ребенком о жизненно важных вещах, которые невозможно объяснить на языке абстракций. Проведенные параллели позволили обозначить границы преемствен- ности в тематических, нравственно-этических и эстетических исканиях осетинских авторов. На основе сравнительного анализа произведений Бианки и осетинских детских писателей прослежены основные тенденции и характерные черты развития осетинской познавательной и природоведческой литературы XX в., а именно: синтез научных знаний и фольклорных традиций (система образов, антропоморфизм, прозрачная мораль расска- зов и сказок, находящаяся в несомненной связи с народной традицией и т.д.). Сочетание различных аспектов детской литературы, как то: познавательность, занимательность, художественность, соответствует специфике детского восприятия и способствует вы- полнению главной функции природоведческой литературы: экологическому воспитанию подрастающих поколений. In the article for the first time the influence of the traditions of Russian educational, scientific and fiction literature is analyzed, namely, the works of V.V. Bianki, on the formation of Ossetian children’s literature, on the development of genres of literary tales, natural stories, popular science novels. On the basis of the works of Ossetian authors, the cognitive aspect is considered as one of the most important component of children’s literature. The works of K. Dzesov, V. Gagloyev, M. Kupeev, Ch. Aylarova, M. Dzasokhova, G. Chedzhemova, and others advocate knowledge about nature, society, man and his activities, expand the child’s horizons. In many ways, modern Ossetic naturalistic literature is a continuation and development of traditions of archaic animal epic. Its heroes are endowed with dual signs – human and animal. They are a kind of way to an adult conversation with your child about the vital things that can not be explained in the language of abstraction. The parallels made it possible to identify the borders of continuity in the thematic, moral, ethical and aesthetic quest of the Ossetian authors. Based on the comparative analysis of works by V.V. Bianki and Ossetian children’s writers the main trends and characteristics of the development of Ossetian cognitive and natural history literature of the 20th century are traced, namely: the synthesis of scientific knowledge and folk traditions (images system, anthropomorphism, transparent morality of stories and fairy tales, which is undoubtedly connected with the folk tradition, etc.). The combination of various aspects of children’s literature, such as cognitive, entertaining, artistic, corresponds to the specifics of children’s perception and contributes to the implementation of the main function of natural history literature: the environmental education of the younger generation.

The Historical Validity of the Codex Xolotl

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Calnek
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
Entire Text

AbstractParsons (1970) has attempted to prove that the first part of the Codex Xolotl (Dibble 1951, Planchas I-IV) is based on “folk tradition” rather than actual history. He notes that the codice's claim that the northern and eastern sectors of the Valley of Mexico were depopulated in the early thirteenth century A.D. is contradicted by the archaeological evidence. He believes that this fact, in itself, is sufficient to invalidate the entire text of this important pictographic manuscript. This paper summarizes historical evidence which confirms the general validity of the Codice’s references to persons, places, dates, and events; illustrates the kinds of errors and misrepresentations which characterize early Mesoamerican historical sources of this type; and suggests that the contradiction between historical and archaeological evidence, which is a central issue in Parsons’ “folk tradition” hypothesis, is more easily explained in terms of the political and ideological objectives of prehispanic historians, and by the conventions and standards of historical relevance which they employed in the composition of their narratives.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Folk Revival ◽  
Folk Traditions ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Late Socialism ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Folk Tradition

This book has explored how the meanings of folk cultural revivals in contemporary Yan'an are woven together by multiple actors and various political, economic, and social forces and initiatives. It has used the term “hyper-folk” to refer to the production and consumption of folk revival discourses and cultural practices in post-2000 Yan'an in order to highlight the distance between what is celebrated today as “Chinese folk tradition” and what was understood as exclusively peasant culture in the past. It has demonstrated how the cultural logic of late socialism converges political, social, economic, and communal forces and relations and, at the same time, makes their meanings and practices flexible and malleable to fit in various purposes and occasions. Finally, it has used “Yan'an and folk culture” to connote a historical model of the Chinese Communist Party appropriating folk traditions to promote rural reform and national state campaigns.

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