scholarly journals 3D Bioprinting of Pectin-Cellulose Nanofibers Multicomponent Bioinks

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Pitton ◽  
Andrea Fiorati ◽  
Silvia Buscemi ◽  
Lucio Melone ◽  
Silvia Farè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
L929 Fibroblast ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Potential Use

Pectin has found extensive interest in biomedical applications, including wound dressing, drug delivery, and cancer targeting. However, the low viscosity of pectin solutions hinders their applications in 3D bioprinting. Here, we developed multicomponent bioinks prepared by combining pectin with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNFs) to optimize the inks’ printability while ensuring stability of the printed hydrogels and simultaneously print viable cell-laden inks. First, we screened several combinations of pectin (1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% w/v) and TOCNFs (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% w/v) by testing their rheological properties and printability. Addition of TOCNFs allowed increasing the inks’ viscosity while maintaining shear thinning rheological response, and it allowed us to identify the optimal pectin concentration (2.5% w/v). We then selected the optimal TOCNFs concentration (1% w/v) by evaluating the viability of cells embedded in the ink and eventually optimized the writing speed to be used to print accurate 3D grid structures. Bioinks were prepared by embedding L929 fibroblast cells in the ink printed by optimized printing parameters. The printed scaffolds were stable in a physiological-like environment and characterized by an elastic modulus of E = 1.8 ± 0.2 kPa. Cells loaded in the ink and printed were viable (cell viability >80%) and their metabolic activity increased in time during the in vitro culture, showing the potential use of the developed bioinks for biofabrication and tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Green Strategy to Develop Novel Drug-Containing Poly (ε-Caprolactone)-Chitosan-Silica Xerogel Hybrid Fibers for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hua-Jian Zhou ◽  
Shu-Hua Teng ◽  
Yi-Bo Zhou ◽  
Hai-Sheng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Silica Xerogel ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
Green Strategy ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A facile and green method was explored to prepare the tetracycline hydrochloride- (TCH-) loaded poly (ε-caprolactone)-chitosan-silica xerogel (PCL-CS-SiO2) hybrid fibers by using 90% acetic acid as a suitable solvent. The SEM results showed that those fibers exhibited a continuous, bead-free morphology, an average diameter of about 430 nm, and super-hydrophilicity ( θ water ≈ 0 ° ). The presence of SiO2 was found to enhance the thermal stability of the hybrid fibers, and the actual content of SiO2 was obtained by the TG measurement. Moreover, SiO2 xerogel as an important bioceramic endowed the hybrid fibers with good drug release behavior and in vitro bioactivity, suggesting their potential use as novel drug carriers for bone tissue engineering. The present work is expected to offer a green strategy to develop novel, multifunctional hybrid materials.

scholarly journals 3D Bioprinted Nanocellulose-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Brief Review

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandya S. Athukoralalage ◽  
Rajkamal Balu ◽  
Naba K. Dutta ◽  
Namita Roy Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Bacterial Nanocellulose ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Cell Support

Nanocellulosic materials, such as cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibers, and bacterial nanocellulose, that display high surface area, mechanical strength, biodegradability, and tunable surface chemistry have attracted great attention over the last decade for biomedical applications. Simultaneously, 3D printing is revolutionizing the field of biomedical engineering, which enables the fast and on-demand printing of customizable scaffolds, tissues, and organs. Nanocellulosic materials hold tremendous potential for 3D bioprinting due to their printability, their shear thinning behavior, their ability to live cell support and owing to their excellent biocompatibility. The amalgamation of nanocellulose-based feedstocks and 3D bioprinting is therefore of critical interest for the development of advanced functional 3D hydrogels. In this context, this review briefly discusses the most recent key developments and challenges in 3D bioprinting nanocellulose-based hydrogel constructs that have been successfully tested for mammalian cell viability and used in tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals 3D bioprinting via an in situ crosslinking technique towards engineering cartilage tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Galarraga ◽  
Mi Y. Kwon ◽  
Jason A. Burdick
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Capillary Length ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
In Situ Crosslinking ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Histological Staining

Abstract3D bioprinting is a promising approach for the repair of cartilage tissue after damage due to injury or disease; however, the design of 3D printed scaffolds has been limited by the availability of bioinks with requisite printability, cytocompatibility, and bioactivity. To address this, we developed an approach termed in situ crosslinking that permits the printing of non-viscous, photocrosslinkable bioinks via the direct-curing of the bioink with light through a photopermeable capillary prior to deposition. Using a norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid (NorHA) macromer as a representative bioink and our understanding of thiol-ene curing kinetics with visible light, we varied the printing parameters (e.g., capillary length, flow rate, light intensity) to identify printing conditions that were optimal for the ink. The printing process was cytocompatible, with high cell viability and homogenous distribution of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) observed throughout printed constructs. Over 56 days of culture in chondrogenic media, printed constructs increased in compressive moduli, biochemical content (i.e., sulfated glycosaminoglycans, collagen), and histological staining of matrix associated with cartilage tissue. This generalizable printing approach may be used towards the repair of focal defects in articular cartilage or broadly towards widespread biomedical applications across a range of photocrosslinkable bioinks that can now be printed.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Oxidized Inulin Hydrogel for Controlled Drug Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Afinjuomo ◽  
Paris Fouladian ◽  
Ankit Parikh ◽  
Thomas G. Barclay ◽  
Yunmei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Direct Targeting ◽  
Potential Use

Inulin-based hydrogels are useful carriers for the delivery of drugs in the colon-targeted system and in other biomedical applications. In this project, inulin hydrogels were fabricated by crosslinking oxidized inulin with adipic acid dihydrazide (AAD) without the use of a catalyst or initiator. The physicochemical properties of the obtained hydrogels were further characterized using different techniques, such as swelling experiments, in vitro drug release, degradation, and biocompatibility tests. The crosslinking was confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vitro releases of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) from the various inulin hydrogels was enhanced in acidic conditions (pH 5) compared with physiological pH (pH 7.4). In addition, blank gels did not show any appreciable cytotoxicity, whereas 5FU-loaded hydrogels demonstrated efficacy against HCT116 colon cancer cells, which further confirms the potential use of these delivery platforms for direct targeting of 5-FU to the colon.

scholarly journals Cyclic Strain Enhances Cellular Uptake of Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Hu ◽  
Yaling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Cyclic Strain ◽  
Cyclic Stretch ◽  
Aortic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Potential Use

Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained increasing interest in recent years due to their potential use as drug carrier, imaging, and diagnostic agents in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. While many cellsin vivoexperience mechanical forces, little is known about the correlation of the mechanical stimulation and the internalization of NPs into cells. This paper investigates the effects of applied cyclic strain on NP uptake by cells. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were cultured on collagen-coated culture plates and placed under cyclic equal-axial strains. NPs of sizes ranging from 50 to 200 nm were loaded at a concentration of 0.02 mg/mL and cyclic strains from 5 to 15% were applied to the cells for one hour. The cyclic strain results in a significant enhancement in NP uptake, which increases almost linearly with strain level. The enhanced uptake also depends on size of the NPs with the highest uptake observed on 100 nm NP. The effect of enhanced NP uptake lasts around 13 hours after cyclic stretch. Suchin vitrocell stretch systems mimic physiological conditions of the endothelial cellsin vivoand could potentially serve as a biomimetic platform for drug therapeutic evaluation.

Ultrastructural autoradiography of L6 skeletal-muscle cells exposed to a tritiated macrolide antibiotic (LY237216) in vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
S.L. White ◽  
C.B. Jensen ◽  
D.D. Giera ◽  
D.A. Laska ◽  
M.N. Novilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotic ◽  
Circle Method ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Polycarbonate Membrane ◽  
L6 Cells ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Erythromycin A

In vitro exposure to LY237216 (9-Deoxo-11-deoxy-9,11-{imino[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethylidene]-oxy}-(9S)-erythromycin), a macrolide antibiotic, was found to induce cytoplasmic vacuolation in L6 skeletal muscle myoblast cultures (White, S.L., unpubl). The present study was done to determine, by autoradiographic quantitative analysis, the subcellular distribution of 3H-LY237216 in L6 cells.L6 cells (ATCC, CRL 1458) were cultured to confluency on polycarbonate membrane filters (Millipore Corp., Bedford, MA) in M-199 medium (GIBCO® Labs) with 10% fetal bovine serum. The cells were exposed from the apical surface for 1-hour to unlabelled-compound (0 μCi/ml) or 50 (μCi/ml of 3H-LY237216 at a compound concentration of 0.25 mg/ml. Following a rapid rinse in compound-free growth medium, the cells were slam-frozen against a liquid nitrogen cooled, polished copper block in a CF-100 cryofixation unit (LifeCell Corp., The Woodlands, TX). Specimens were dried in the MDD-C Molecular Distillation Drier (LifeCell Corp.), vapor osmicated and embedded in Spurrs low viscosity resin. Ultrathin sections collected on formvar coated stainless steel grids were counter-stained, then individually mounted on corks. A monolayer of Ilford L4 nuclear emulsion (Polysciences, Inc., Warrington, PA) was placed on the sections, utilizing a modified “loop method”. The emulsions were exposed for 7-weeks in a light-tight box at 4°C. Autoradiographs were developed in Microdol-X developer and examined on a Philips EM410LS transmission electron microscope. Quantitative analysis of compound localization employed the point and circle approach of Williams; incorporating the probability circle method of Salpeter and McHenry.

Biological and biomedical applications of collagenous biomaterials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
Yasushi P. Kato ◽  
Michael G. Dunn ◽  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Arthur J. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Defect Repair

Collagenous biomaterials have been used for growing cells in vitro as well as for augmentation and replacement of hard and soft tissues. The substratum used for culturing cells is implicated in the modulation of phenotypic cellular expression, cellular orientation and adhesion. Collagen may have a strong influence on these cellular parameters when used as a substrate in vitro. Clinically, collagen has many applications to wound healing including, skin and bone substitution, tendon, ligament, and nerve replacement. In this report we demonstrate two uses of collagen. First as a fiber to support fibroblast growth in vitro, and second as a demineralized bone/collagen sponge for radial bone defect repair in vivo.For the in vitro study, collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. Primary rat tendon fibroblasts (1° RTF) were isolated and cultured for 5 days on 1 X 15 mm sterile cover slips. Six to seven collagen fibers, were glued parallel to each other onto a circular cover slip (D=18mm) and the 1 X 15mm cover slip populated with 1° RTF was placed at the center perpendicular to the collagen fibers. Fibroblast migration from the 1 x 15mm cover slip onto and along the collagen fibers was measured daily using a phase contrast microscope (Olympus CK-2) with a calibrated eyepiece. Migratory rates for fibroblasts were determined from 36 fibers over 4 days.

Rhenium-188 Labeled Hydroxyapatite and Rhenium-188 Sulfur Colloid

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Glatz ◽  
S. N. Reske ◽  
K. G. Grillenberger
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Radiation Synovectomy ◽  
Sulfur Colloid ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Stability ◽  
Potential Use

Summary Aim: One therapeutic approach to rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory arthropathies besides surgical removal of inflamed synovium is radiation synovectomy using beta-emitting radionuclides to destroy the affected synovial tissue. Up to now the major problem associated with the use of labeled particles or colloids has been considerable leakage of radionuclides from the injected joint coupled with high radiation doses to liver and other non target organs. In this study we compared 188Re labeled hydroxyapatite particles and 188Re rhenium sulfur colloid for their potential use in radiation synovectomy. Methods: To this end we varied the labeling conditions (concentrations, pH-value, heating procedure) and analyzed the labeling yield, radiochemical purity, and in vitro stability of the resulting radiopharmaceutical. Results: After optimizing labeling conditions we achieved a labeling yield of more than 80% for 188Re hydroxyapatite and more than 90% for the rhenium sulfur colloid. Both of the radiopharmaceuticals can be prepared under aseptic conditions using an autoclav for heating without loss of activity. In vitro stability studies using various challenge solutions (water, normal saline, diluted synovial fluid) showed that 188Re labeled hydroxyapatite particles lost about 80% of their activity within 5 d in synovial fluid. Rhenium sulfur colloid on the other hand proved to be very stable with a remaining activity of more than 93% after 5 d in diluted synovial fluid. Conclusion: These in vitro results suggest that 188Re labeled rhenium sulfur colloid expects to be more suitable for therapeutic use in radiation synovectomy than the labeled hydroxyapatite particles.

Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Potential of Silver Nanoparticles using Eugenia Uniflora L. Seed Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 5217-5225
Author(s):  
Guru Kumar Dugganaboyana ◽  
Chethankumar Mukunda ◽  
Suresh Darshini Inakanally
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eugenia Uniflora ◽  
Uv Visible

In recent years, green nanotechnology-based approaches using plant materials have been accepted as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach with various biomedical applications. In the current study, AgNPs were synthesized using the seed extract of the Eugenia uniflora L. (E.uniflora). Characterization was done using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. The formation of AgNPs has confirmed through UV-Visible spectroscopy (at 466 nm) by the change of color owing to surface Plasmon resonance. Based on the XRD pattern, the crystalline property of AgNPs was established. The functional group existing in seed of E.uniflora extract accountable for the reduction of Ag+ ion and the stabilization of AgNPs was investigated. The morphological structures and elemental composition was determined by SEM and EDX analysis. With the growing application of AgNPs in biomedical perspectives, the biosynthesized AgNPs were evaluated for their antibacterial and along with their antidiabetic potential. The results showed that AgNPs are extremely effective with potent antidiabetic potential at a very low concentration. It also exhibited potential antibacterial activity against the three tested human pathogenic bacteria. Overall, the results highlight the effectiveness and potential applications of AgNPs in biomedical fields such as in the treatment of acute illnesses as well as in drug formulation for treating various diseases such as cancer and diabetes. It could be concluded that E. uniflora seed extract AgNPs can be used efficiently for in vitro evaluation of their antibacterial and antidiabetic effects with potent biomedical applications.

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