scholarly journals Passive Design Strategies for Energy Efficient Buildings in the Arabian Desert

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedhal Al-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Shading Devices

This study aims to assess passive design features through the extensive modifications of building envelopes to affect the energy efficiency of residential buildings in hot arid climates. In support of the aim of this research, the annual electric energy bill of a typical residential building in Sharurah was collected and analyzed. Then, the DesignBuilder simulation program was used to investigate how different modifications of building envelopes could affect the energy consumption of the residential buildings under common scenarios. Varied thermal insulation, different types of glass, shading devices, and green roof were investigated with this perspective. The simulation results show that thermal insulation can significantly reduce annual energy consumption by as high as 23.6%, followed by green roofs. In contrast, shading devices and glazing system types were fewer superiors. The results also indicate that the effective combination of certain strategies can reduce total energy consumption by 35.4% relative to the base case (BC) of this research.

scholarly journals A MODEL OF A NEAR-ZERO ENERGY HOME (nzeh) USING PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES AND PV TECHNOLOGY IN HOT CLIMATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf T. Syed ◽  
Adel A. Abdou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Passive Design

INTRODUCTION Recent development has seen a drastic increase in energy use trends in Saudi Arabian buildings leading to a demand for an effective course of action for energy conservation and production. A case study-based research initiative exploring near-zero energy potential in Saudi Arabia was undertaken. A 4-bedroom detached single-family faculty residence at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) representing common regional housing design trends was utilized. A base case simulation model of the house was developed and validated using short-term and real-time energy consumption data. Three sets of strategies: passive design strategies, representative codes and standards, and renewable technology were employed in the new design of the house. Passive strategies comprised a green roof, a ventilated wall system, a sloped roof, and insulation for thermal bridges. These alternatives helped reduce the annual energy consumption of the house by 17.2%. The most recent version of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC 2012) was also incorporated along with ASHRAE Standard 62.2 for ventilation. The code and standard together reduced the annual energy consumption by 31.1%. Solar PV was then utilized to reduce grid utilization for the remainder of the house energy loads. This strategy provided 24.7% of the total energy consumed annually. A combination of strategies showed a 70.7% energy consumption reduction, thereby decreasing the energy index of the house from 162.9 to 47.7 kWh/m2/yr. The Zero Energy Building (ZEB) concepts and strategies utilized in this study demonstrate a socially responsible approach to achieving near-zero energy performance for an existing house.

Energy Consumption Simulation for Residential Buildings With Shading Devices in Different Regions

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Liu ◽  
Xiaojie Zhou ◽  
Zhihong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
South West ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Energy Consumption Simulation

With the development of energy saving, it is needed to calculate the energy consumption of the residential building, particularly accurate dynamic energy consumption. Fixed shading devices are wildly used to save building energy because they prevent undesirable heat coming through the windows during the “overheated period”, just as in summer, which can ameliorate the indoor environments and reduce the energy consumption of air-conditioning in summer. But they will also prevent solar energy which can be used in winter to enter windows. So it is very important to be able to determine the optimal shading devices of windows. The overhangs and vertical-shading devices are representative to study the different energy performance in summer and winter, in an actual dwell house. On the other hand, fixed shading devices can weaken the effect of daylighting, so we would take both the total energy consumption and rooms’ daylighting into account. In this study, we choose several typical dwelling houses in different cities located in north, south, west, east and central region of China respectively. We calculated energy consumption of those models by using Energyplus program, and compared the shading performance of horizontal and vertical shading devices, then optimal configuration dimensions of horizontal shading devices are recommended on the basis of different requirements for solar heat gains in winter and in summer for those typical dwelling houses.

scholarly journals A Study of Design Variables in Daylight and Energy Performance in Residential Buildings under Hot Climates

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5836
Author(s):  
Ali Mohammed AL-Dossary ◽  
Daeung Danny Kim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
Shading Devices

In Saudi Arabia, residential buildings are one of the major contributors to total energy consumption. Even though there are abundant natural resources, it is somewhat difficult to apply them to building designs, as design variables, due to slow progress and private issues in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the present study demonstrated the development of sustainable residential building design by examining the daylighting and energy performance with design variables. Focusing on the daylighting system, the design variables were chosen, including window-to-wall ratios (WWR), external shading devices, and types of glazing. The illuminance level by these design variables in a building was evaluated by using daylight metrics, such as spatial daylight autonomy and annual sunlight exposure. Moreover, the building energy consumption with these design variables was analyzed by using energy simulation. As a result, the daylighting was improved with the increase in WWRs and the tinted double glazing, while these design options can cause overheating in a residential building. Among types of glazing, the double pane windows with a low-E coating showed better energy performance. Based on the results, it is necessary to find the proper design variables that can balance the daylighting and energy performance in residential buildings in hot climates.

Low-cost retrofit packages for residential buildings in hot-humid Lagos, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nwakaego Chikaodinaka Onyenokporo ◽  
Ekele Thompson Ochedi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Reducing Energy

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a set of affordable retrofit packages that can be applied to existing residential buildings in hot-humid regions to improve occupants’ thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption. Design/methodology/approach A critical review of relevant literature to identify passive design strategies for improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption in hot-humid climates with focus on the building envelope was conducted in addition to a simulation study of an existing building typology in study area. Findings There is enormous potential to reduce energy costs and improve thermal comfort through building retrofit packages which is a recent concept in developing countries, such as Nigeria. Analysing the results of the retrofit interventions using building energy simulation helped in developing affordable retrofit packages which had optimum effect in improving indoor comfort temperature to the neutral temperature specified for hot humid Nigeria and further down to 3°C less than that of the reference building used. The use of passive design strategies to retrofit the building might help homeowners reduce their annual energy consumption by up to 46.3 per cent just by improving the indoor thermal comfort. Originality/value In addition to improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption, this research identified affordable retrofit packages and considered its cost implications especially to low-income earners who form a larger population of Lagos, Nigeria, as this was not considered by many previous researchers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Daylight and Cooling Performance of Shading Devices in Residential Buildings in South Korea

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4749
Author(s):  
Taesub Lim ◽  
Woong Seog Yim ◽  
Daeung Danny Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Design Options

Accounting for more than half of buildings in South Korea, the energy consumed by residential buildings has become a main concern and the cooing demand has rapidly increased. To reduce energy consumption, several passive and active design strategies have generally been applied. However, there has been an increasing demand for high window-to-wall ratios in residential buildings, it is imperative to block sunlight into a building effectively. Focusing on the reduction of cooling energy consumption in a residential building, the present study assessed the daylight and energy performance of shading devices. Among various types of shading devices, the Venetian blind, horizontal louver, light shelf, and egg-crate were selected. The illuminance levels in three different areas in a building were measured. In addition, the annual cooling energy consumption by these shading devices was investigated. As a result, both daylight and energy performance varied with different design options of these shading devices. Because of the slight performance difference among shading devices, the artificial loads of two best shading devices were compared. In sum, the egg-crate shading was the most proper shading device to block sunlight as well as reduce the cooling energy consumption effectively.

scholarly journals Thermal Energy Performance Simulation of a Residential Building Retrofitted with Passive Design Strategies: A Case Study in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8064
Author(s):  
Ana Paola Vargas ◽  
Leon Hamui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Passive Design

High energy consumption as a result of an inefficient design has both economic and environmental repercussions throughout the life cycle of a building. In Mexico, the residential sector is the third-largest final energy consumer, therefore improving the performance of existing buildings is considered an effective method in achieving energy savings. Moreover, in Mexico warm climate regions predominate, which impacts energy consumption. This article examines a linked, single-family house located in the hot-humid climate city of Villahermosa, Tabasco (México). DesignBuilder software was used to conduct the thermal energy performance simulation of the existing building (base case) and to evaluate the energy-saving potentials by implementing different passive design strategies. As a result, the annual electricity consumption of the base case decreased a maximum of 2.0% with the passive design strategy in exterior windows, 4.9% in walls and, 13.7% reduction in roofs, the latter being the enclosure with the greatest reduction achieved. Nevertheless, a final adaptation proposal with the passive design strategies, whose results represented the highest energy savings, accomplished a total reduction of 23.5% with a payback period of 5.8 years.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of Concrete Louvers for High-rise Residential Buildings in Terms of Cooling Energy Requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Sara Dh. Bahaadin ◽  
Binaee Y. Raof ◽  
Hendren Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Shading Device ◽  
Cooling Loads ◽  
The Impact

High-rise residential buildings are increasing worldwide, including cities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Therefore, creating sustainable environments in and around these residential buildings are becoming an important problem. Improving energy efficiency in buildings has received critical attention worldwide. Countries have developed national sustainability strategies that lead to the lower energy consumption while maintaining comfort, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing harmful emissions. In this paper, an analysis of the impact of external shading devices in high-rise residential buildings on energy consumption of a 13-storey building in Sulaimani city is studied. The study is focused on fixed shading elements, explaining the influence of the design of vertical and horizontal shading devices on the total energy consumption of this type of building. The results show that both a single fixed horizontal blind with a depth of 20 cm and a triple vertical shading with the same depth are considered useless. The reduction in cooling loads by two fixed horizontal louvers almost doubled compared to a single fixed horizontal shading with 20 cm. Moreover, triple fixed horizontal louvers with 40 cm have almost the same effect on reducing cooling loads as triple fixed louvers with 60 cm. On the other hand, a triple fixed horizontal shading device with 60 cm has twice the effect on reducing annual cooling loads as a triple fixed vertical shading device with 60 cm.

scholarly journals Energy analysis using carrier HAP program and Deep Lake Water Cooling (DLWC) feasibility analysis for Ryerson University

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Deep Lake ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

The objective of this project is to determine the total annual energy summary in terms of cost and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission of 16 buildings at Ryerson University (RU). In addition, the Deep Lake Water Cooling (DLWC) feasibility analysis of RU is another objective of this project in terms of total energy consumption and amount of gas emission reduction. The total audit area of RU was 86% of the total campus area. Building energy simulation program, Carrier HAP (Hourly Analysis Program), has been used to make an integrated evaluation of building energy consumption. An energy simulation involves hour-by-hour calculations for all 8,760 hours in a year. In this project, an energy audit was conducted for the 16 existing buildings to establish the base case model, "Ryerson University", to determine its annual energy consumption across all usage. There are two sources of energy used at RU. Electricity uses for lighting, plug load, miscellaneous and cooling, and remote steam is used for cooling and heating. For the base case model, total energy consumption was 251 TJ. To reduce the total energy consumption of the base case model, HVAC systems were investigated to analyze their energy-based performance and impact on the GHG emission. There is no Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) system coming from the investigation of HVAC system. The sensitivity analysis was conducted using HRV system with air system. By using HRV system with air system, total of 5.6% energy would be saved for cooling and 76% energy would be saved for heating of RU. The energy intensity was determined to be 1.04 GJ/m² only for 16 buildings of RU and comparatively it is lower than other universities in Canada which have a range of 1.64 GJ/m² to 2.26 GJ/m². In the DLWC system, cool lake water at 4°C was used for building air conditioning. To reduce the cooling energy costs, DLWC system was considered as an alternative chilled water source. The Rogers Business Building (RBB) already has DLWC system. For DLWC system, chilled water was served by Enwave to the RBB. According to base case analysis of the RBB with conventional chillers, the electricity consumption was 924594 kWh for RBB due to chillers. With the implementation of DLWC system for the rest of the 15 buildings, total energy saving due to cooling would be 89.2% and GHG emission reduction would be 89% for CO₂, 70% for NOx and 70.4% for SOx due to elimination of chillers.

scholarly journals Lighting Control Including Daylight and Energy Efficiency Improvements Analysis

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniela Kaminska ◽  
Andrzej Ożadowicz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Building Automation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Lighting Control

Energy used for lighting is one of the major components of total energy consumption in buildings. Nowadays, buildings have a great potential to reduce their energy consumption, but to achieve this purpose additional efforts are indispensable. In this study, the need for energy savings evaluation before the implementation of lighting control algorithms for a specified building is highlighted. Therefore, experimental tests have been carried out in a university building with laboratories and other rooms, equipped with KNX building automation system. A dimmable control strategy has been investigated, dependent on daylight illuminance. Moreover, a relationship between external and internal daylight illuminance levels has been evaluated as well. Based on the experimental results, the authors proposed a method for the rough estimation of electrical energy savings. Since, according to the EN 15232 standard, Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) play an important role in buildings’ energy efficiency improvements, the BACS efficiency factors from this standard have been used to verify the experimental results presented in the paper. The potential to reduce energy consumption from lighting in non-residential buildings by 28% for offices and 24% for educational buildings has been confirmed, but its dependence on specific building parameters has been discussed as well.

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