scholarly journals Psychological Stress and Functional Endometrial Disorders: Update of Mechanism Insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-xiang Wu ◽  
Shu Lin ◽  
Shuang-bo Kong
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Female Reproductive Health

The human endometrium plays a vital role in providing the site for embryo implantation and maintaining the normal development and survival of the embryo. Recent studies have shown that stress is a common factor for the development of unexplained reproductive disorders. The nonreceptive endometrium and disturbed early maternal-fetal interaction might lead to infertility including the repeated embryo implantation failure and recurrent spontaneous abortion, or late pregnancy complications, thereby affecting the quality of life as well as the psychological status of the affected individuals. Additionally, psychological stress might also adversely affect female reproductive health. In recent years, several basic and clinical studies have tried to investigate the harm caused by psychological stress to reproductive health, however, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, we review the relationship between psychological stress and endometrial dysfunction, and its consequent effects on female infertility to provide new insights for clinical therapeutic interventions in the future.

Malignant Gastrointestinal Obstruction: Options for Decompression and Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
Robert J. Litwin ◽  
Johanna L. Chan ◽  
Steven Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Patient Care Team ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Malignant Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Advanced Malignancy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Obstruction ◽  
Malignant Gastrointestinal Obstruction

AbstractMalignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a relatively common condition affecting patients with advanced malignancy. Therapeutic interventions should be aimed at maintaining quality of life. Given the lack of prospective controlled studies in this patient population, patient management is often based on local practice patterns and anecdotal experience. To foster a collaborative approach among the members of the patient care team involving internal medicine, oncology, palliative care, clinical nutrition, surgery, gastroenterology, and interventional radiology physicians, it is important to improve our understanding of MBO. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, as well as medical, surgical, and nonsurgical palliative options available to patients with MBO for purposes of decompression and nutrition.

Cytoprotective Agents to Avoid Chemotherapy Induced Sideeffects on Normal Cells: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 765-781
Author(s):  
Seema Rohilla ◽  
Harish Dureja ◽  
Vinay Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Anticancer agents play a vital role in the cure of patients suffering from malignancy. Though, the chemotherapeutic agents are associated with various adverse effects which produce significant toxic symptoms in the patients. But this therapy affects both the malignant and normal cells and leads to constricted therapeutic index of antimalignant drugs which adversely impacts the quality of patients’ life. Due to these adversities, sufficient dose of drug is not delivered to patients leading to delay in treatment or improper treatment. Chemoprotective agents have been developed either to minimize or to mitigate the toxicity allied with chemotherapeutic agents. Without any concession in the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs, they provide organ specific guard to normal tissues.

Phamacognostical and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Chandrashakaladi Vataka - A herbal formulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Akash S Changole ◽  
Mandip Goyal ◽  
Harish CR
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practices ◽  
Solvent Systems

Background: Quality control and the standardization of herbal medicines involve steps like standard source and quality of raw materials, good manufacturing practices and adequate analytical screening. These practices play a vital role in guaranting the quality and stability of herbal preparations. Chandrashakaladi Vataka is an Ayurvedic herbal formulation mentioned to be beneficial in Kushtha. Till date no published data is available on its analytical profile. Aim: To develop the Pharmacognostical and Phyto-chemical profile of Chandrashakaladi Vataka. Material and Methods: Chandrashakaladi Vataka was prepared as per classical method and analytical findings were recorded. Samples were subjected to organoleptic analysis, physico-chemical analysis and HPTLC examination by optimizing the solvent systems. Results and Conclusions: Pharmacognostical profile of Chandrashakaladi Vataka was established. Loss on drying, Ash value, Acid insoluble extract, Methanol soluble extract, Chandrashakaladi Vataka was found within prescribed limits. HPTLC profile of Chandrashakaladi Vataka revealed 12 spots at 254 nm and 13 spots at 366 nm.

Gestational exposure to Δ9-THC impacts ovarian follicular dynamics and angiogenesis in adulthood in Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Annia A. Martínez-Peña ◽  
Kendrick Lee ◽  
James J. Petrik ◽  
Daniel B. Hardy ◽  
Alison C. Holloway
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Female Reproductive Health ◽  
Gestational Exposure ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Abstract With the legalization of marijuana (Cannabis sativa) and increasing use during pregnancy, it is important to understand its impact on exposed offspring. Specifically, the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the major psychoactive component of cannabis, on fetal ovarian development and long-term reproductive health are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC on ovarian health in adult rat offspring. At 6 months of age, Δ9-THC-exposed offspring had accelerated folliculogenesis with apparent follicular development arrest, but no persistent effects on circulating steroid levels. Ovaries from Δ9-THC-exposed offspring had reduced blood vessel density in association with decreased expression of the pro-angiogenic factor VEGF and its receptor VEGFR-2, as well as an increase in the anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1). Collectively, these data suggest that exposure to Δ9-THC during pregnancy alters follicular dynamics during postnatal life, which may have long-lasting detrimental effects on female reproductive health.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Self-Efficacy and Attitudes Towards Working with Autistic People

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Corden ◽  
Rebecca Brewer ◽  
Eilidh Cage
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Quality Assessment Tool ◽  
Professional Background ◽  
Autistic People

AbstractHealthcare professionals play a vital role in identifying and supporting autistic people. This study systematically reviewed empirical research examining healthcare professionals’ knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes towards working with autistic people. Thirty-five studies were included. The included studies sampled a range of countries and professional backgrounds. A modified quality assessment tool found the quality of the included studies was moderately good. Narrative synthesis indicated that healthcare professionals report only moderate levels of autism knowledge and self-efficacy, and often lack training. Variation within and between countries and professional background was not explained by demographic factors. The reviewed evidence suggests health professionals’ limited knowledge and self-efficacy in working with autistic people is a challenge to the provision of healthcare for autistic individuals.

scholarly journals What methods and challenges for taking account of context when transferring complex interventions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Villadsen ◽  
S Dias
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Reproductive Health Care

Abstract For complex public health interventions to be effective their implementation needs to adapt to the situation of those implementing and those receiving the intervention. While context matter for intervention implementation and effect, we still insist on learning from cross-country comparison of implementation. Next methodological challenges include how to increase learning from implementation of complex public health interventions from various context. The interventions presented in this workshop all aims to improve quality of reproductive health care for immigrants, however with different focus: contraceptive care in Sweden, group based antenatal care in France, and management of pregnancy complications in Denmark. What does these interventions have in common and are there cross cutting themes that help us to identify the larger challenges of reproductive health care for immigrant women in Europe? Issues shared across the interventions relate to improved interactional dynamics between women and the health care system, and theory around a woman-centered approach and cultural competence of health care providers and systems might enlighten shared learnings across the different interventions and context. Could the mechanisms of change be understood using theoretical underpinnings that allow us to better generalize the finding across context? What adaption would for example be needed, if the Swedish contraceptive intervention should work in a different European setting? Should we distinguish between adaption of function and form, where the latter might be less important for intervention fidelity? These issues will shortly be introduced during this presentation using insights from the three intervention presentations and thereafter we will open up for discussion with the audience.

scholarly journals P121 The efficacy of treatment interventions on fatigue in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a literature review

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Moshtael ◽  
Sonia Khanom ◽  
Janet E McDonagh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis

Abstract Background/Aims  Fatigue has been reported by young people and professionals alike as a major challenge for people living with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) . It remains unclear as to how therapeutic interventions impacts on this major symptom. The aim of this review was to determine the current evidence for the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, non- pharmacological and pharmacological, on improving fatigue in adolescents with JIA. Methods  Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO) were searched from 2000 to Feb 2020; in addition to manual searches. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they (i) were original research papers, (ii) had fatigue as a primary outcome measure (iii) included adolescents (10-25 years) and (iv) were available in the English language. Results  Of the 3,142 records identified, 31 underwent full text assessment and 4 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis including 2 from the Netherlands, 1 Germany, and 1 from Canada. The total number of participants across the 4 studies was 824. Three were randomised controlled trials of nonpharmacological interventions and one was a cohort study from a national drug registry including older adolescents JIA (mean: 19-years). Measurement tools included the Paediatric Quality of life multidimensional fatigue scale, (2 studies), the Checklist for Individual Strength CIS-20 (1 study), a numeric rating scale (1 study). In one study a visual analogue scale for energy level was also utilised. In 2 studies baseline prevalence of fatigue was reported as 60% and 76% respectively. Significant reduction in fatigue was observed in all three nonpharmacological studies. In the registry study, fatigue was noted to be prevalent in spite of the disease being in inactive or minimally active on biologic therapy. In 3 studies the relationship between health-related quality of life and fatigue was highlighted and showed a decreased quality of life in fatigued young people. Conclusion  Fatigue is a significant problem in JIA during adolescence and influences quality of life. Improvements in fatigue with non-pharmacological interventions have been reported. However, at present, data is insufficient to conclusively decide which treatment intervention is most efficacious in treating fatigue in young people with JIA. Fatigue should be considered as an important outcome measure for the management of JIA in future evaluations of interventions. Disclosure  S. Moshtael: None. S. Khanom: None. J.E. McDonagh: None.

Revisiting competences of adult learning facilitators: Perspectives from the Mongolian context

2021 ◽  
pp. 147797142110031
Author(s):  
Togtokhmaa Zagir ◽  
Helga Dorner
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Adult Learning ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Teaching Role ◽  
Core Competences ◽  
Key Stakeholders

Competent adult learning facilitators play a vital role in improving the quality of adult learning programmes. This article thus explores common and core competences of adult learning facilitators from the perspective of key stakeholders, such as facilitators, adult learners and administrators. By synthesising previous international studies, we developed a survey and collected data in Mongolia ( n = 227). We identified adult learning facilitators’ common and core competences focusing on their teaching role. As found, areas of adult learners’ needs assessment, communication and motivation should be integrated in professional development programmes in order to aim for a better completion rate and higher participation of target audiences in adult learning programmes.

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