scholarly journals High Fasting Blood Glucose Level With Unknown Prior History of Diabetes Is Associated With High Risk of Severe Adverse COVID-19 Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Wang ◽  
Zhonglin Chai ◽  
Mark E. Cooper ◽  
Paul Z. Zimmet ◽  
Hua Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Diabetic Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

BackgroundWe aimed to understand how glycaemic levels among COVID-19 patients impact their disease progression and clinical complications.MethodsWe enrolled 2,366 COVID-19 patients from Huoshenshan hospital in Wuhan. We stratified the COVID-19 patients into four subgroups by current fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and their awareness of prior diabetic status, including patients with FBG<6.1mmol/L with no history of diabetes (group 1), patients with FBG<6.1mmol/L with a history of diabetes diagnosed (group 2), patients with FBG≥6.1mmol/L with no history of diabetes (group 3) and patients with FBG≥6.1mmol/L with a history of diabetes diagnosed (group 4). A multivariate cause-specific Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the associations between FBG levels or prior diabetic status and clinical adversities in COVID-19 patients.ResultsCOVID-19 patients with higher FBG and unknown diabetes in the past (group 3) are more likely to progress to the severe or critical stage than patients in other groups (severe: 38.46% vs 23.46%-30.70%; critical 7.69% vs 0.61%-3.96%). These patients also have the highest abnormal level of inflammatory parameters, complications, and clinical adversities among all four groups (all p<0.05). On day 21 of hospitalisation, group 3 had a significantly higher risk of ICU admission [14.1% (9.6%-18.6%)] than group 4 [7.0% (3.7%-10.3%)], group 2 [4.0% (0.2%-7.8%)] and group 1 [2.1% (1.4%-2.8%)], (P<0.001). Compared with group 1 who had low FBG, group 3 demonstrated 5 times higher risk of ICU admission events during hospitalisation (HR=5.38, 3.46-8.35, P<0.001), while group 4, where the patients had high FBG and prior diabetes diagnosed, also showed a significantly higher risk (HR=1.99, 1.12-3.52, P=0.019), but to a much lesser extent than in group 3.ConclusionOur study shows that COVID-19 patients with current high FBG levels but unaware of pre-existing diabetes, or possibly new onset diabetes as a result of COVID-19 infection, have a higher risk of more severe adverse outcomes than those aware of prior diagnosis of diabetes and those with low current FBG levels.

scholarly journals Association of Haemoglobin and C-Reactive Protein level with Different Risk Factors among Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
Md Mahboob Morshed ◽  
Md Joynul Islam ◽  
ATM Ashadullah ◽  
Khondker Shaheed Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Ahtashamul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Different risk factors may be related with the haemoglobin and CRP level among the acute coronary syndrome patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the association of haemoglobin and CRP level with different type of risk factors among the acute coronary syndrome patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology at Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from December 2010 to November 2011 for a period of two (02) years. Patients of ACS who were presented within 12 hours of chest pain were included as study population. Study population were categorized in four groups according to the level of hemoglobin and C-reactive protein. Age, cardiovascular risks factor, history, family history of cardiovascular disease, treatment history and ECG were taken during admission. Blood sample was collected for baseline laboratory investigations like Troponin-I, Random Blood Sugar (RBS), Blood urea, Serum creatinine, lipid profile, Hemoglobin & CRP level. Sample were then send to standard laboratory/Biochemistry department of MMCH. Result: The mean age of the population was 52.18±8.88 years. Smoking was the highest percentage in Group 1 which was 54(50.0%) cases (P=0.001). Hypertension was found most common in group 1 (47.6%), Group 2 (33.3%), Group 3 (10.7%) and Group 4 (8.3%). Smoking (p=0.001) and hypertension (p=0.016) was found statistically significant. Diabetes was found in Group 1 (37.7%), Group 2 (43.5%), Group 3 (11.6%) and Group 4 (7.2%). Group 1 (50%) and Group 2 (50%) patients were dyslipidaemic. Family history of IHD was present group-1 (36.8%), Group 2 (44.7%), Group 3 (73.2%) and Group 4 (53%). Among the smoker patient 65.6% cases had CRP level ˃12 mg/l; 39.8% cases had CRP level ˂12mg/L. Among the nonsmoker 34.4% cases had CRP level ˃12mg/l and 60.2% cases had CRP level ˂12mg/L. The finding was statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion haemoglobin and CRP level is associated with different type of risk factors among the acute coronary syndrome patients. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(2): 156-160

scholarly journals Colposcopic and cytological parallels in pregnant women with a history of infertility of various genesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Е.V. Kolomiiets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
The State ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Cytological Smear ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cytological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The state of the cervix was studied in pregnant women with a history of infertility of various genesis by colposcopic and cytological research methods. The data obtained indicate an increased level of precancerous pathology of the cervix in pregnant women with a history of tubo-peritoneal and concomitant infertility, compared with pregnant women who had endocrine infertility. Purpose — to determine the relationship between the nature and severity of colpocoscopic and cytological changes in the cervix in pregnant women who had a history of infertility. Materials and methods. 101 women were examined: 14 pregnant women with a history of endocrine infertility, group 1; 27 pregnant women with a history of tuboperitoneal infertility — group 2; 40 pregnant women, had combined infertility — group 3, 20 healthy pregnant women with no history of infertility — group 4. Methods for assessing the state of the cervix in pregnant women — video colposcopic and cytological (on glass). Results. Normal cytological changes (NILM) were found: in group 1–8 (57.2%), in group 2 — in 15 (55.6%), in group 3 — in 23 (57.5%), in group 4, 14 (70.0%) pregnant women. Benign cytological and ASCUS signs were: in group 1 — in 5 (35.7%), in group 2 — in 6 (22.2%), in group 3 — in 10 (25.0%), in group 4 — in 5 (25%) patients. Precancer (LSIL+HSIL): in group 1 — in 1 (7.1%), in group 2 — in 6 (22.2%), in group III — in 9 (22.5%) women, and in group 4, no precancers were found cytologically. Normal colposcopic signs (stratified squamous epithelium) were found: in group 3 — in 11 (27.5%), in group 2 — in 8 (29.6%), and in group 1 — in 7 (50.0%) pregnant women. And benign colposcopic changes (ectopia, open glands, Nabotovi cysts, deciduosis): in group 3 — in 19 (47.5%), in group 2 — in 16 (59.3%), in group 1 — in 6 (42.9%), in group 4 — in 5 (35.7%) patients. Our data indicate that precancers during colposcopy occurred: in group 3 — in 9 (22.5%), in group 2 — in 3 (11.1%), in group 1 — in 1 (7.1%), in group 4 — in 1 (5.0%) women. No colposcopic signs of invasive growth were found in any of the groups. Conclusions. The study revealed an increased level of precancerous pathology of the cervix in pregnant women with a history of tubo-peritoneal and concomitant infertility. A fairly high percentage of precancerous conditions of the cervix in group 2 — in 6 (22.2%) and in group 3 — in 9 (22.5%) women indicates that in the presence of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and other genital infections and with increasing age, the probability self-elimination of the papilloma virus is reduced. After long-term infertility treatment, all pregnant women must undergo a colposcopic examination at the first visit to the antenatal clinic, in addition to taking a cytological smear. If LSIL and HSIL are found in this category of women, colposcopic and cytological control once every 3 months during pregnancy with mandatory HPV PCR HCR. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: pathology of the cervix, pregnancy after infertility, video colposcopy, cytology.

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes of Non-diabetic COVID-19 Patients with Different Blood Glucose Levels: A Nationwide Turkish Study (TurCoGlycemia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Haymana ◽  
Ibrahim Demirci ◽  
Ilker Tasci ◽  
Erman Cakal ◽  
Serpil Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose New coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a worse prognosis in patients with diabetes. However, there are insufficient data about the effect of hyperglycemia on COVID-19 prognosis in non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between random blood glucose levels measured at the time of diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 disease in non-diabetic patients. Methods A nationwide retrospective cohort of non-diabetic patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from 11 March to 30 May 2020 in the Turkish Ministry of Health database was investigated. The patients were stratified into three groups according to blood glucose levels which were <100 mg/dL in group-1, in the range of 100-139 mg/dl in group-2, and the range of 140-199 mg/dl in group-3. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared among the groups. The primary outcome was mortality. Results A total of 12,817 non-diabetic patients (median age [IQR]: 44 [25] years, females: 50.9%) were included. Patients in group-2 (5%) and group-3 (14%) had higher mortality rates than patients in group-1 (2.1%). The rates of hospitalization, hospital stays longer than 8 days, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU stay more than 6 days, and mechanical ventilation were also significantly higher in group-3 patients. Likewise, glucose levels in the range of 140-199 mg/dL were an independent associate of mortality and composite of ICU admission and/or mechanical ventilation. ConclusionHyperglycemia at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis in non-diabetic patients. Clinicians should be more careful in the treatment of non-diabetic COVID-19 patients with hyperglycemia.

Biomarkers and Clinical Characteristics Of Patients With and Without DVT In The Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 1124-1124
Author(s):  
Suman L. Sood ◽  
Cathy Stabler ◽  
Angela E. Hawley ◽  
Kenneth E. Guire ◽  
Susan Blackburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Apache Score ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Screening Ultrasound ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction Within the first weeks of ICU admission, 10-30% of medical/surgical patients develop venous thromboembolism (VTE), and up to 60% of trauma patients. VTE has significant morbidity including longer mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital stay. The Caprini VTE risk assessment model (Ann Surg, 2010; 251[2]:344-50) is based on clinical factors such as age and comorbidities. Previous data from our lab has demonstrated the role of soluble P-selectin (sPsel), D-dimer, CRP, von Willebrand factor activity (VWF), and ADAMTS13 in the diagnosis of DVT. The aim of this study is to determine levels of biomarkers and clinical characteristics in relation to Caprini risk level in patients both with and without DVT upon admission to the ICU. Methods We performed a prospective cohort study at the University of Michigan with patients from the surgical, neurological, trauma and medical ICUs. Inclusion criteria: age > 18 and at risk for DVT (i.e. not on therapeutic anticoagulation) when admitted to the ICU. At baseline, clinical information including demographics and comorbidities, Wells’ and APACHE score was collected, blood was drawn for biomarkers and upper and lower extremity duplex ultrasound (DVU) was performed. Blood samples and DVU were repeated every 7 days. Subjects were recruited within 24 hrs of ICU admission and stratified into low/moderate (Group 1), high (Group 2), and highest (Group 3) risk groups according to the Caprini model; Group 4 were DVT positive on screening ultrasound. Patients were followed until DVT positivity, floor transfer, or 35 days. All patients received VTE prophylaxis and had imaging performed as clinically indicated. ELISAs were performed for sPsel, D-dimer, CRP, and VWF activity, and slightly modified FRETS-VWF73 assay for ADAMTS-13 activity. ANOVA and t-test were used to compare continuous, and Chi-square categorical, variables between the groups. Spearman correlation coefficients were performed to assess the relationship between Caprini score and other variables. Results From 12/08-10/12, 145 subjects were recruited. The age range was 20-88 years. DVT positive patients on screening ultrasound were significantly older, more likely to be male, and have a personal history of VTE. There was no difference in BMI or family history of VTE. DVT positive subjects (Group 4) had a significantly higher baseline mean D-dimer, sPsel, day 1 Wells’ and APACHE score compared to the lowest risk group (Group 1), and a significantly lower ADAMTS13 level (see Table). Baseline D-dimer, Wells’ and APACHE scores rose with increasing Caprini risk group and were also significantly higher in Group 4 vs. Groups 2 and 3. There was a trend towards increasing baseline sPsel and declining ADAMTS13 level with increasing Caprini score. Increasing baseline CRP and VWF was also significantly correlated with increasing Caprini score. Eight patients (6.2%) developed a new DVT within the 35 day observation period (average day 10); 6/8 (75%) were in the highest risk group (Group 3). There was a trend towards higher baseline D-dimer, CRP, Wells’ and APACHE score in subjects who developed DVT vs. stayed negative. In patients who developed DVT, these markers did not significantly increase over time with serial sampling. There was a significantly higher BMI (mean, SE) 35.9 ± 3.3 vs. 29.4 ± 0.6 kg/m2, p<0.01, in those who turned positive vs. stayed negative. Conclusions Patients with DVT on presentation to the ICU have higher levels of biomarkers and more severe clinical characteristics including higher Wells’ and APACHE scores, than patients without DVT, with variations related to Caprini risk. For the 6.2% of patients who were initially negative and went on to develop DVT, there was a tendency to increased biomarker levels and more severe clinical characteristics at baseline but not on serial testing. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

In-vivo evaluation of the effect of cyanoacrylate on prosthetic vascular graft infection – does cyanoacrylate increase the severity of infection?

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Atıf Yolgosteren ◽  
Gencehan Kumtepe ◽  
Melda Payaslioglu ◽  
Cuneyt Ozakin
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Infection ◽  
Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prosthetic Vascular Graft Infection ◽  
Group 1

Summary. Background: Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a complication with high mortality. Cyanoacrylate (CA) is an adhesive which has been used in a number of surgical procedures. In this in-vivo study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between PVGI and CA. Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups. Pouch was formed on back of rats until deep fascia. In group 1, vascular graft with polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was placed into pouch. In group 2, MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected into pouch. In group 3, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece was placed into pouch and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. In group 4, 1 cm 2 vascular graft with PET piece impregnated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate-based adhesive was placed and MRSA strain with a density of 1 ml 0.5 MacFarland was injected. All rats were scarified in 96th hour, culture samples were taken where intervention was performed and were evaluated microbiologically. Bacteria reproducing in each group were numerically evaluated based on colony-forming unit (CFU/ml) and compared by taking their average. Results: MRSA reproduction of 0 CFU/ml in group 1, of 1410 CFU/ml in group 2, of 180 200 CFU/ml in group 3 and of 625 300 CFU/ml in group 4 was present. A statistically significant difference was present between group 1 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 2 and group 4 (p < 0.01), between group 3 and group 4 (p < 0.05). In terms of reproduction, no statistically significant difference was found in group 1, group 2, group 3 in themselves. Conclusions: We observed that the rate of infection increased in the cyanoacyrylate group where cyanoacrylate was used. We think that surgeon should be more careful in using CA in vascular surgery.

Does Perioperative Hemoglobin A1c Level Affect the Incidence, Pattern and Mortality of Lower Extremity Amputation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
Hassan Al-Thani ◽  
Moamena El-Matbouly ◽  
Maryam Al-Sulaiti ◽  
Noora Al-Thani ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Lower Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Extremity Amputation ◽  
Group 1

Background: We hypothesized that perioperative HbA1c influenced the pattern and outcomes of Lower Extremity Amputation (LEA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted for all patients who underwent LEA between 2000 and 2013. Patients were categorized into 5 groups according to their perioperative HbA1c values [Group 1 (<6.5%), Group 2 (6.5-7.4%), Group 3 (7.5-8.4%), Group 4 (8.5-9.4%) and Group 5 (≥9.5%)]. We identified 848 patients with LEA; perioperative HbA1c levels were available in 547 cases (Group 1: 18.8%, Group 2: 17.7%, Group 3: 15.0%, Group 4: 13.5% and Group 5: 34.9%). Major amputation was performed in 35%, 32%, 22%, 10.8% and 13.6%, respectively. Results: The overall mortality was 36.5%; of that one quarter occurred during the index hospitalization. Mortality was higher in Group 1 (57.4%) compared with Groups 2-5 (46.9%, 38.3%, 36.1% and 31.2%, respectively, p=0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that poor glycemic control (Group 4 and 5) had lower risk of mortality post-LEA [hazard ratio 0.57 (95% CI 0.35-0.93) and hazard ratio 0.46 (95% CI 0.31-0.69)]; this mortality risk persisted even after adjustment for age and sex but was statistically insignificant. The rate of LEA was greater among poor glycemic control patients; however, the mortality was higher among patients with tight control. Conclusion: The effects of HbA1c on the immediate and long-term LEA outcomes and its therapeutic implications need further investigation.

Association between cervical disc disease and lesions of multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092098356
Author(s):  
Marwan Alkrenawi ◽  
Michael Osherov ◽  
Azaria Simonovich ◽  
Jonathan Droujin ◽  
Ron Milo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Disc ◽  
Cervical Disc Disease ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Cervical discopathy and demyelinating lesions often co-exist in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Our study examines the possible association between these two pathologies. Methods Medical records and cervical magnetic resonance imaging scans of MS patients with cervical discopathy who were seen at our MS clinic during 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The severity of the disc disease was classified as grade I (no compression), grade II (compression of the dural sac) and grade III (cord compression). The spinal cord in each scan was divided into six segments corresponding to the intervertebral space of the spine (C1–C6). Each segment was defined as containing demyelinating lesion and disc pathology (group 1), demyelinating lesion without disc pathology (group 2), disc pathology without demyelinating lesion (group 3) and no demyelinating lesion or disc pathology (group 4). Fisher’s exact test was used to test the association between demyelinating lesions and disc pathology. Results Thirty-four MS patients with cervical discopathy were included in the study (26 females; average age 42.9 ± 13.7 years; average disease duration 8.4 ± 5.4 years). A total of 204 spinal cord segments were evaluated. Twenty-four segments were classified as group 1, 27 segments as group 2, 52 segments as group 3 and 101 segments as group 4. There was no association between demyelinating lesions and the grade of disc disease ( p = 0.1 for grade I, p = 0.3 for grade II and p = 1 for grade III disc disease). Conclusion Our study did not find any association between cervical disc disease and demyelinating spinal cord lesion.

scholarly journals Association between serum oestradiol level on the hCG administration day and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET among 3659 singleton live births

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wanyu Zhang ◽  
Yihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ivf Et ◽  
Group 1

AbstractOestradiol, an important hormone in follicular development and endometrial receptivity, is closely related to clinical outcomes of fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. A supraphysiologic E2 level is inevitable during controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation (COH), and its effect on the outcome of IVF-ET is controversial. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the association between elevated serum oestradiol (E2) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET cycles. The data of 3659 infertile patients with fresh IVF-ET cycles were analysed retrospectively between August 2009 and February 2017 in First Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were categorized by serum E2 levels on the day of hCG administration into six groups: group 1 (serum E2 levels ≤ 1000 pg/mL, n = 230), group 2 (serum E2 levels between 1001 and 2000 pg/mL, n = 524), group 3 (serum E2 levels between 2001 and 3000 pg/mL, n = 783), group 4 (serum E2 levels between 3001 and 4000 pg/mL, n = 721), group 5 (serum E2 levels between 4001 and 5000 pg/mL, n = 548 ), and group 6 (serum E2 levels > 5000 pg/mL, n = 852). Univariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent correlation between each factor and outcome index. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding factors. The LBW rates were as follows: 3.0% (group 1), 2.9% (group 2), 1.9% (group 3), 2.9% (group 4), 2.9% (group 5), and 2.0% (group 6) (P = 0.629), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of neonatal LBW among the six groups. We did not detect an association between peak serum E2 level during ovarian stimulation and neonatal birthweight after IVF-ET. The results of this retrospective cohort study showed that serum E2 peak levels during ovarian stimulation were not associated with birth weight during IVF cycles. In addition, no association was found between higher E2 levels and increased LBW risk. Our observations suggest that the hyper-oestrogenic milieu during COS does not seem to have adverse effects on the birthweight of offspring after IVF. Although this study provides some reference, the obstetric-related factors were not included due to historical reasons. The impact of the high estrogen environment during COS on the birth weight of IVF offspring still needs future research.

scholarly journals Control of Vulval Competence and Centering in the Nematode Oscheius sp. 1 CEW1

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Louvet-Vallée ◽  
Irina Kolotuev ◽  
Benjamin Podbilewicz ◽  
Marie-Anne Félix
Keyword(s):  
Germ Line ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Cell Ablation ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
P Cells ◽  
Large Category ◽  
Group 1

Abstract To compare vulva development mechanisms in the nematode Oscheius sp. 1 to those known in Caenorhabditis elegans, we performed a genetic screen for vulva mutants in Oscheius sp. 1 CEW1. Here we present one large category of mutations that we call cov, which affect the specification of the Pn.p ventral epidermal cells along the antero-posterior axis. The Pn.p cells are numbered from 1 to 12 from anterior to posterior. In wild-type Oscheius sp. 1 CEW1, the P(4-8).p cells are competent to form the vulva and the progeny of P(5-7).p actually form the vulva, with the descendants of P6.p adopting a central vulval fate. Among the 17 mutations (defining 13 genes) that we characterize here, group 1 mutations completely or partially abolish P(4-8).p competence, and this correlates with early fusion of the Pn.p cells to the epidermal syncytium. In this group, we found a putative null mutation in the lin-39 HOM-C homolog, the associated phenotype of which could be weakly mimicked by injection of a morpholino against Osp1-lin-39 in the mother’s germ line. Using cell ablation in a partially penetrant competence mutant, we show that vulval competence is partially controlled by a gonadal signal. Most other mutants found in the screen display phenotypes unknown in C. elegans. Group 2 mutants show a partial penetrance of Pn.p competence loss and an abnormal centering of the vulva on P5.p, suggesting that these two processes are coregulated by the same pathway in Oscheius sp. 1. Group 3 mutants display an enlarged competence group that includes P3.p, thus demonstrating the existence of a specific mechanism inhibiting P3.p competence. Group 4 mutants display an abnormal centering of the vulval pattern on P7.p and suggest that a specific mechanism centers the vulval pattern on a single Pn.p cell.

scholarly journals Hypertrophy of unaffected cardiomyocytes correlates with severity of cardiomyopathy in female patients with Fabry disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Chimenti ◽  
Romina Verardo ◽  
Andrea Frustaci
Keyword(s):  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Maximal Wall Thickness ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Aim To investigate the contribution of unaffected cardiomyocytes in Fabry disease cardiomyopathy. Findings Left ventricular (LV) endomyocardial biopsies from twenty-four females (mean age 53 ± 11 ys) with Fabry disease cardiomyopathy were studied. Diagnosis of FD was based on the presence of pathogenic GLA mutation, Patients were divided in four groups according with LV maximal wall thickness (MWT): group 1 MWT ≤ 10.5 mm, group 2 MWT 10.5–15 mm, group 3 MWT 16–20 mm, group 4 MWT > 20 mm. At histology mosaic of affected and unaffected cardiomyocytes was documented. Unaffected myocytes’ size ranged from normal to severe hypertrophy. Hypertrophy of unaffected cardiomyocytes correlated with severity of MWT (p < 0.0001, Sperman r 0,95). Hypertrophy of unaffected myocytes appear to concur to progression and severity of FDCM. It is likely a paracrine role from neighboring affected myocytes.

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