scholarly journals Formation of Bubble-Loop Complexes During Helium Radiation in Fe-9Cr Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Shi ◽  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
Zhengxiong Su ◽  
Xu Yan ◽  
Chenyang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Model Alloy ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Helium Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
9Cr Steel ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Radiation Induced

In the present study, the Fe-9Cr model alloy was irradiated with 240 keV He2+ at 550°C with a dose of 0.5 dpa at the peak damage region. The depth distribution of bubbles in Fe-9Cr alloy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results revealed that the spatial distribution of bubbles along the depth is different. In the region with higher helium concentration and irradiation dose, the bubbles inclined to be situated inside the plane of loops, forming a structure of “bubble-loop complex.” However, in regions where the helium concentration and irradiation dose are relatively low, the number of “bubble-loop complexes” significantly decreased. In addition, the Burgers vector of “bubble-loop complexes” was identified as <100> type. Radiation-induced enrichment of Cr atoms at the “bubble-loop complexes” was also quantitatively estimated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in the scanning TEM mode.

Investigation of Defect Formation in 4H-SiC(0001) and (000-1) Epitaxy

2008 ◽  
Vol 600-603 ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Tsuchida ◽  
Isaho Kamata ◽  
Masahiro Nagano
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
Threading Dislocation ◽  
Simultaneous Generation ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Defect formation in 4H-SiC(0001) and (000-1) epitaxy is investigated by grazing incidence synchrotron reflection X-ray topography and transmission electron microscopy. Frank-type faults, which are terminated by four Frank partials with a 1/4[0001] type Burgers vector with the same sign on four different basal planes, are confirmed to be formed by conversion of a 1c threading edge dislocation (TSD) in the substrate as well as simultaneous generation of a 1c TSD during epitaxy. The collation between the topography appearance and the microscopic structure and the variety of Frank faults are shown. Formation of carrot defects and threading dislocation clusters are also investigated.

scholarly journals Introduction of Bifunctional Group onto MWNT by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization and Its Use as Biosensor-Supporting Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Lee ◽  
Da-Jung Chung ◽  
Sang-Hyub Oh ◽  
Seong-Ho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Supporting Materials

A biosensor comprisingtyrosinaseimmobilized on bifunctionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) supports was prepared for the detection of phenolic compounds in drinks such as red wine and juices. The MWNT supports were prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP) of epoxy-containing glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), to covalently immobilize thetyrosinase, and vinyl ferrocene (VF), which can act as an electron transfer mediator via redox reactions. The bifunctionalized MWNTs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Electrodes prepared with the MWNTs showed increased current with increasing VF content. A biosensor comprisingtyrosinaseimmobilized on the bifunctionalized MWNTs could detect phenol at 0.1–20 mM. Phenolics in red wine and juices were determined using the biosensor after its calibration.

Radiation Induced Cavity Formation and Gold Precipitation at the Interfaces of a ZrO2/SiO2/Si Heterostructure

2011 ◽  
Vol 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D Edmondson ◽  
Chongmin Wang ◽  
Zihua Zhu ◽  
Fereydoon Namavar ◽  
William J Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Free Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
Damage State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Silicon Interface ◽  
Secondary Ion

ABSTRACTThin films nano-crystalline zirconia of ~ 300 nm thick were deposited on Si substrate, and the samples were irradiated with 2 MeV Au+ ions at temperatures of 160 and 400 K, up to fluences of 35 displacements per atom. The films were then studied using glancing incidence x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, secondary ion mass spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. During the irradiation, cavities were observed to form at the zirconia/silicon interface. The morphology of the cavities was found to be related to the damage state of the underlying Si substrate. Elongated cavities were observed when the substrate is heavily damaged but not amorphized; however, when the substrate is rendered amorphous, the cavities become spherical. As the ion dose increases, the cavities then act as efficient gettering sites for the Au. The concentration of oxygen within the cavities determines the order in which the cavities getter. Following complete filling of the cavities, the interface acts as the secondary gettering site for the Au. The Au precipitates are determined to be elemental in nature due to the high binding free energy for the formation of Au-silicides.

Changes of electrical impedance characteristics with the radiation induced damage on biological tissue constituents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sang Hyeong Kil ◽  
Gyeong Rip Kim ◽  
Moo Seok Lee ◽  
Jong Hyeok Kwak ◽  
Yeong Hyeon Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Impedance Characteristics ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Mean Differences

This study analyzes the response of increasing radiation dose to the pork tenderloin tissue. Considering its significant cell structure, pork tenderloin tissue samples are selected for the experimental objects to measure their electrical impedance characteristics. This study proposes and investigates an effective approach to characterize the variation of the internal change of the components of pork tenderloin tissues caused by radiation. Changes in the pork tenderloin tissues are that the gap of the myotome is more far apart with increase of radiation dose because of the destroyed Myofibrils under the damage. With the increase of radiation dose, the impedance value of the pork tenderloin tissue decreases. Each of mean differences in the impedance values before and after irradiation dose under 1 Gy, 2 Gy and 4 Gy show 0.55±0.03, 1.09±0.14 and 1.97±0.14, respectively. However, the mean difference substantially increases to 13.08±0.16 at irradiation dose of 10 Gy. Thus, the cell membrane shows the most severe rupture at a radiation dose of 10 Gy. Changes in the microstructure of the irradiated pork tenderloin tissue samples are also checked and validated by a transmission electron microscope.

Microstructure and Nano-Indentation Properties of Ion-Irradiated Fe-9wt%Cr Alloy

2008 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Ha Jin ◽  
Chan Sun Shin ◽  
Wheung Whoe Kim
Keyword(s):  
Indentation Test ◽  
Model Alloy ◽  
Displacement Damage ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Nano Indentation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Yield Stress Increase ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
Induced Defects ◽  
Irradiation Induced Defects

A change of the mechanical property and microstructure of an Fe ion irradiated polycrystalline Fe-9wt%Cr model alloy to 1 dpa was examined using a nano-indentation and transmission electron microscopy. We anticipated that irradiated damage would be formed up to about 2.5μm and a displacement damage peak would be located at around 1.7μm from a surface through a TRIM code calculation. A thick dark band was formed at about 1.5μm from a surface with an actual TEM observation, which is consistent with a displacement damage peak in the TRIM code calculation. TEM observations showed that small defects with a Burgers vector a0<100> and 1/2a0<110> are formed in irradiated Fe-9wt%Cr alloy. In the nano indentation test, the hardness increase due to irradiation induced defects was up to 0.6GPa which can be converted to a yield stress increase of 200MPa.

Micropipe-induced birefringence in 6H silicon carbide

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ouisse ◽  
D. Chaussende ◽  
L. Auvray
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Theory And Experiment ◽  
Good Agreement

The micropipe-induced birefringence of 6H silicon carbide (SiC) is measured and quantitatively modelled. A good agreement can be obtained between theory and experiment, provided that background residual stress is added to the local dislocation-induced stress. Observations are compatible with or predictable from the Burgers vector values, and birefringence is shown to be an interesting tool for probing the nature of the dislocations associated withe.g.micropipes; it is also faster than and complementary to the more involved techniques of transmission electron microscopy or X-ray topography.

Cyclic Oxidation of Two FeCrAlRE Foils at 1100 °C - The Influence of the Concentration of Minor Alloying Elements on Scale Microstructure

2008 ◽  
Vol 595-598 ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Liu ◽  
Helena Götlind ◽  
Sead Canovic ◽  
Hai Ping Lai ◽  
Jörgen Westlinder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Oxidation ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Model Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxide Interface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Α Al2o3

Two FeCrAlRE alloys, a commercial, 0C404, and a model alloy in the form of thin foils, with different Mn, Nb, Mo and Ti concentrations were subjected to cyclic oxidation in lab air at 1100°C. The oxidized samples were studied by gravimetry, Grazing-Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GI-XRD), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The two FeCrAl alloys exhibit different oxidation kinetics; however, both alloys have the same weight gain after 500 hours exposure. During the early stages the scale consists mainly of α-Al2O3 together with some oxide particles containing Mn, Al, Fe and Cr formed on the alloys. After 500 hours the 0C404 scale locally also consists of larger polycrystalline regions of Mn-Cr-Al spinel. In addition, Si-rich oxide, chromia and Al-Cr oxide could be observed at the metal/oxide interface.

Radiation Induced Structural Changes in Normal Spinels

2007 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Simeone ◽  
Gianguido Baldinozzi ◽  
Dominique Gosset ◽  
Leo Mazerolles ◽  
Lionel Thome
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

AbstractIon irradiation induced phase transformations in three normal spinel compounds MgAl2O4, MgCr2O4 and ZnAl2O4 have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. This work presents a unified framework to describe the radiation effects in normal spinels. Irradiation modifies the atomic and mesoscopic structures of theses spinels in different ways. At the atomic scale, it produces the inversion of the cations in the spinel structure which can always be described within its usual Fd-3m space group. At the mesoscopic scale, it produces microdomains, responsible for the important changes in the X-ray diffraction patterns.

Quantitative Elemental Analysis of Heavy Metal Exposed Cells of Synechococcus Leopoliensis Using Regular and Overplus Cells: An Energy Disspersive X-Ray Spectroscopy Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 586-587
Author(s):  
J.J. Goldberg ◽  
T.E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Metal Sequestration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synechococcus Leopoliensis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies

It has previously been shown that microbial polyphosphate bodies are the main sites of metal sequestration. In our present study, we have exposed Synechococcus leopoliensis, grown to log phase and to overplus phase, to five different heavy metals, Al, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn, independently. The cells were analyzed using the STEM mode of a transmission electron microscope in conjunction with a PGT IMIX energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer.Cells of Synechococcus leopoliensis were grown for two weeks at 21°C on a 12-hour light/dark cycle in modified Fizgerald’s medium The second cell type were the overplus cells, which were grown as previously described. The cells were exposed to 100PPM of each metal for two hours, then were fixed and embedded in EPON according to Luff’s procedure.For x-ray analysis, cells of interest were first located using the TEM mode. The microscope was then switched to the STEM mode.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document