scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus velezensis Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Immune Responses, and Intestine Microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhu Chen ◽  
Chengjie Lv ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Lihua Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Gain Rate

In the present study, Bacillus velezensis (BV007, CGMCC No. 20039) was isolated from the gut of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the effects of BV007 on the growth performance, immune responses, and intestine microbiota of the shrimp were investigated. A total of 1,200 healthy shrimp (3.0 ± 0.3 cm, 0.32 ± 0.8 g) were randomly divided into four groups, and fed diets supplemented with different levels of BV007 (C: 0; BV1: 1 × 105 CFU/g; BV2: 1 × 107 CFU/g; and BV3: 1 × 109 CFU/g) for 8 weeks. The results showed a significantly increased final body length (FBL), length gain rate (LGR), final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), plumpness index (PI), and specific growth rate (SGR) in shrimp fed with BV007 for 42 days compared with shrimp fed with control diet. The activity of α-amylase in hepatopancreas was also significantly increased in the BV007-administered groups. After 42 days of growth trial, the challenge test with Vibrio parahaemolyticus was conducted for 2 weeks. The enhanced immune responses were exhibited by shrimp fed with BV007 after V. parahaemolyticus challenge, particularly in respiratory bursts and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase activities. Moreover, the administration of BV007 could considerably increase the abundance of potential probiotics (Bacillus) and reduced the abundances of potential pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio) in shrimp intestines. In conclusion, the dietary supplementation with B. velezensis BV007 could promote the growth performance, enhance the immune responses, and modulate the intestine microbiota of shrimp, and 107 CFU/g feed was recommended to be used as a feed additive to enhance the growth and health status of shrimp.

scholarly journals Immune response and growth performance of crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus fed with supplementary diet of synbiotic

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Amrullah Amrullah ◽  
Wahidah Wahidah
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of synbiotic (prebiotic alginate and probiotic bacteria Micrococcus spp) on the immune responses, growth performance, and bacterial resistance of freshwater crayfish. The experimental diets were formulated in three levels of synbiotic: the probiotic bacteria Micrococcus spp+100 mg/L alginate (Syn100), Micrococcus spp+200 mg/L alginate (Syn200), Micrococcus spp+300 mg/L alginate (Syn300), each level was mixed with tested feed. The basal diet (without synbiotics) served as the control diet. During 40 days of rearing, immune responses observations were conducted every 10 days, while the crayfish weight were recorded on day 40. Furthermore, the challenge test was performed against the pathogenic bacteria of A. hydrophila and reared for a week. The result showed that synbiotics treatment of Syn300 and Syn200 could improve the immune response and increased the growth rate (P<0.05). Both were also heavier than the Syn100 treatment. The highest resistance to A. hydrophila pathogenic bacteria by demonstrating a higher survival rate was Syn300 and followed by Syn200 (70.00 ± 0% and 73.33 ± 5.77%, respectively), compared to Syn100 (56.67 ± 3.33%) and the control (33.33 ± 3.33%). The synbiotic Micrococcus spp. combined with alginate potentially induced immune responses, increased growth performance, and improved bacterial pathogens resistance, making it an ideal synbiotic to be developed. Keywords: synbiotic, prebiotic, probiotic, Sargassum sp., alginate, brown algae  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas penggunaan sinbiotik (prebiotik alginat dan probiotik Micrococcus spp) terhadap respons imun,  performa pertumbuhan dan resistensi lobster air tawar. Tiga perlakuan sinbiotik yaitu Micrococcus spp+100 mg/L alginat (Syn100), Micrococcus spp+200 mg/L alginat (Syn200), Micrococcus spp+300 mg/L alginat (Syn300), masing-masing dicampurkan ke dalam pakan dan diberikan ke lobster. Pakan tanpa campuran prebiotik digunakan sebagai pakan kontrol. Selama 40 hari pemeliharaan, pengamatan respon imun dilakukan setiap 10 hari dan pada hari ke-40 pemeliharaan dilakukan pengukuran bobot lobster. Selanjutnya, lobster di uji tantang dengan bakteri A. hydrophila dan dipelihara kembali selama satu minggu.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan yang mengandung sinbiotik Syn300 dan Syn200 dapat meningkatkan respon imun dan pertumbuhan (P<0.05) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan Syn100, sementara bobot tubuh terendah didapat pada perlakuan kontrol. Resistensi lobster tertinggi terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila yang ditunjukkan dengan sintasan tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan Syn300 (70.00±0.00%) dan Syn200 (73.33±5.77%) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan Syn100 (56.67±3.33%) dan kontrol (33.33±3.33%). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa sinbiotik Micrococcus spp. yang dikombinasikan dengan alginat dapat menginduksi respons imun, meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan ,dan resistensi terhadap patogen sehingga merupakan sinbiotik yang ideal untuk dikembangkan. Kata kunci : sinbiotik, prebiotik, probiotik, Sargassum sp., alginat, alga coklat 

scholarly journals PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN DAN RESPONS IMUN IKAN LELE (Clarias sp.) DENGAN PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK, PREBIOTIK, DAN SINBIOTIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Iis Sumartini ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Munti Yuhana ◽  
Ayi Santika
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Feed Conversion

Penerapan sistem budidaya intensif seringkali dihadapkan pada penurunan performa pertumbuhan dan kejadian infeksi penyakit. Upaya untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan ikan agar dapat tumbuh dengan baik dan tahan terhadap serangan penyakit sangat diperlukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian probiotik Bacillus sp. ND2 dan prebiotik madu terhadap performa pertumbuhan dan respons imun ikan lele (Clarias sp.). Ikan lele dengan bobot awal 20,94 ± 1,13 g dipelihara pada akuarium volume 60 L dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per akuarium. Ikan diberi empat jenis pakan yaitu pakan kontrol (+) dan (-) (tidak ada penambahan Bacillus sp. ND2 dan madu), probiotik Bacillus sp. ND2 1%; prebiotik madu 0,5%; dan sinbiotik (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% + madu 0,5%). Setelah 45 hari masa pemeliharaan, 10 ekor ikan dari masing-masing akuarium diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila 107 cfu mL-1 kecuali kontrol (-). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi sinbiotik memiliki nilai laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH) paling tinggi (3,00 ± 0,04%) dan nilai feed convertion ratio (FCR) paling rendah (1,00 ± 0,01) (P<0,05). Aktivitas lisozim (52,59 ± 2,57 UI mL-1 menit-1) dan respiratory burst (0,61 ± 0,05) menunjukkan nilai yang paling tinggi pada perlakuan sinbiotik (P<0,05). Ekspresi gen IL-1b meningkat pada perlakuan prebiotik (1,25 ± 0,10) pada hari ke-45. Semua perlakuan menunjukkan peningkatan ekspresi pada hari ke-52 dengan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan sinbiotik (5,50 ± 2,77). Perlakuan sinbiotik memiliki sintasan yang paling tinggi (86,67 ± 5,77%) setelah diuji tantang dengan A. hydrophila. Aplikasi sinbiotik (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% dan madu 0,5%), mampu meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan, respons imun, serta resistensi ikan lele terhadap A. hydrophila. Intensive aquaculture system is continually challenged with some problems such as a decrease in growth performance and disease infection incidences. A substantial effort is needed to improve fish health status to improve the growth performance and disease resistance of cultured fish. To overcome the problems, a feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Bacillus sp. ND2 and honey on the growth performance, immune responses, and disease resistance of Clarias sp. Fish with an initial body weight of 20.94 ± 1.13 g were fed with four practical diets: control diet (+) and (-) (no addition of Bacillus sp. ND2 and honey), probiotic Bacillus sp. ND2 1%, prebiotic honey 0.5%, and synbiotic diets (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% + honey 0.5%). After 45 days of feeding experimental period, ten fish per aquarium were challenged with A. hydrophila except for control (-). The results showed that fish fed with synbiotic produced the highest specific growth rate (SGR) (3.00 ± 0.04%) and had the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.00 ± 0.01) which were significantly different from the control (P<0.05). The immune assay showed that fish fed with synbiotic produced the highest lysozyme activity (52.59 ± 2.57 UI mL-1 minute-1), respiratory burst activity (0.61 ± 0.05) which were significantly different from the control groups (P<0.05). The fish IL-1b gene expression was enhanced in prebiotic (1.25 ± 0.10) treatment at the end of the culture period. All treatments showed the enhancement of IL-1b gene expression at the end of A. hydrophila-challenge test, with the highest value attained by fish treated with synbiotic treatment (5.50 ± 2.77). Fish fed with synbiotic diet showed the highest survival rate (86.67 ± 5.77%) after seven days infected with A. hydrophila. In conclusion, synbiotic treatment (Bacillus sp. ND2 1% and honey 0.5%) could improve growth performance, immune responses and disease resistance of Clarias sp. against A. hydrophila infection. 

scholarly journals Micro-Aid Liquid 10 Promotes Growth Performance and Health Status of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chin Huang ◽  
Jai-Wei Lee ◽  
Ya-Li Shiu ◽  
Rolissa Ballantyne ◽  
Chun-Hung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the Micro-Aid Liquid 10 (MAL10) (DPI Global, Porterville, CA, USA), a product made from yucca extract, on growth performance, gut microbiota, and resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei against infectious disease caused by Vibrio alginolyticus. MAL10 was added to shrimp rearing water at different levels of 0 (control), 0.25 mL m3−1 (W0.25), 0.5 mL m3−1 (W0.5), 1 mL m3−1 (W1), and 5 mL m3−1 (W5), respectively, once per week for 70 days. Growth performances, including final body weight, specific growth rate, average daily growth and percentage of weight gain, were significantly improved by adding the MAL10 at levels up to 5 mL m3−1, which may be due to the proliferation of B cells in hepatopancreas of MAL10-treated shrimp. No significant differences in the total viable count and Vibrio-like count in the gut of shrimp were recorded by spread plate method. In the challenge test, shrimp reared in the water supplemented with MAL10 at levels of 1–5 mL m3−1 had significantly lower cumulative mortality after a challenge test with V. alginolyticus compared to shrimp reared in the control, W0.25 and W0.5 groups. Next-generation sequencing indicated that the relative distribution of phylum Proteobacteria in control (80.4%) was higher than the W (77.4%). The proportion of Vibrio was primarily dominant genera in the shrimp intestine and highest in the control group compared to the W group, followed by Spongiimonas, Motilimonas, Demequina, and Shewanella genera. Although there was no statistically significant difference, higher α-diversity indices were recorded in the W5-treated group than in the control group. Therefore, it is considered that MAL10 could be used as a natural alternative in shrimp aquaculture to reduce the risk of infectious disease caused by pathogenic Vibrio and improve the growth performance of white shrimp.

Effect of Yeast Type and Dose on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Rabbits Fed Maize or Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M.A. Elmasry ◽  
Luis A. Miranda ◽  
Germán Mendoza ◽  
Fernando X. Plata
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yeast Concentration

Background: The effects of the probiotics vary with the doses and strains used for this reason, a study was conducted over 35 days to determine the effect of live yeast supplementation in the diet of growing rabbits on growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility.Methods: A total of 60 New Zealand and California rabbits (5 weeks old, average body weight 0.881±0.015 kg) were housed in 30 cages. They were fed with a control diet based on alfalfa and maize or barley grains and supplemented with Procreatin®7 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I 1077) or Biosaf® SC47 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC Sc47) at three doses, namely 0, 6.4, or 12.8 ×109 CFU per kg basal diet.Result: The higher yeast concentration had a positive effect (P less than 0.01) on final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight (CW). However, there were no significant differences in dry matter intake. As a result of this, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (P less than 0.01). Significant increases (P less than 0.05) in nutrient digestibility (DM, OM, NDF and ADF) were observed with both grains. The use of yeast in maize and barley-based diets of rabbits has positive effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

Effect of commercial probiotic (Protexin®) on growth, survival and microbial quality of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afshin Javadi ◽  
Seyed Amin Khatibi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary probiotic on the growth performance and survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp. Furthermore, the microbial quality of shrimp was evaluated. Design/methodology/approach Shrimp were divided into treatment and control groups (each group containing 45 shrimp). They were fed for four weeks with a control diet alone or supplemented with a commercial probiotic (Protexin®). At the end of the trial, they were assessed for survival rate, weight gain, average daily gain and specific growth rate. Samples of tail meat were also provided aseptically from peeled shrimp for bacteriological analysis including the count of Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, fecal coliform, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and total bacterial count. Findings The growth performance of the probiotic-treated group significantly (p < 0.05) increased at the end of the experimental period. However, no significant differences were observed for the survival rate between the groups (p > 0.05). The count of C. perfringens and the total bacterial count in shrimp supplemented with the probiotic were significantly lower than those of controls (p < 0.05). The count of coliforms and S. aureus was not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). Originality/value It could be concluded that the probiotic bacteria have the potential to stimulate the growth performance of L. vannamei. They can also be used for biological control of food-borne pathogens and improve the microbial quality and safety of shrimp at the farm level.

Comparative evaluation of influence of dietary organic and inorganic selenium supplement on growth performance of indigenous Aseel chickens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem Muhammad Zia ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Inorganic Selenium

Two hundred-forty 3-weeks-old Aseel birds from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties of indigenous Aseel were chosen (60 birds/variety, 30 males and 30 females) to evaluate the influence of selenium supplements on growth performance. The birds of either sex were divided according to randomized complete block design into A, B and C treatment groups (10 birds/treatment); A and B were experimental, while C was control. Se-enriched yeast (organic selenium) and sodium selenite (inorganic selenium) were supplemented @ 0.3 mg/kg in the basal diets of group A and B, respectively, while, group C was fed without additional selenium. Birds were maintained individually in battery cages from 4-21 weeks. Statistically, the results showed the reduced (P>0.05) feed intake, while enhanced (P£0.05) nutrient utilization for dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and ash; superior feed conversion ratio; higher live final body weight; lower (P£0.05) mortality and rearing cost in Se-enriched yeast fed birds, chiefly in the males of Lakha variety than those received sodium selenite supplemented or control diet. The study concluded that the organic selenium supplement (Se-enriched yeast) had a major influence in improving the overall growth performance of Aseel.

scholarly journals Modulatory Effect of Dietary Copper Nanoparticles and Vitamin C Supplementations on Growth Performance, Hematological and Immune Parameters, Oxidative Status, Histology, and Disease Resistance Against Yersinia Ruckeri in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Delavari ◽  
Ahmad Gharaei ◽  
Javad Mirdar Harijani ◽  
Aida Davari ◽  
Abolhasan Rastiannasab
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yersinia Ruckeri ◽  
Dietary Copper

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) and vitamin C (VC) supplementations on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles. Six trial diets were supplemented with Cu-NPs and VC including 0/0 (T1, control diet), 0/250 (T2), 0/500 (T3), 2/250 (T4), 2/500 (T5), and 2/0 (T6) mg Cu-NPs/VC per kg diet. After the feeding trial for 60 days, the fish were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri and the survival rate was calculated for 15 days. Based on the data analysis, weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), lysozyme, alternative complement activity (ACH50), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), hematocrit (Hct) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the Cu-NPs factor. Meanwhile, VC was a significant factor for hemoglobin (Hb) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05). The results showed that the Cu-NPs and/or VC-supplemented diets improved WG, FCR, SGR, PER, lysozyme, ACH50, SOD, CAT, GPX, Hb, Hct, and MCV when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-10, SOD, CAT, and GPX genes were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the fish fed on T3, T4, and T5 diets versus the control. In addition, the dietary Cu-NPs and VC supplementations significantly enhanced resistance against pathogens and led to the control of infection in rainbow trout. In conclusion, Cu-NPs and VC administered as feed additive at 2/250–500 mg/kg elevated the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and health of rainbow trout.

scholarly journals Effects of hydrolyzed yeast supplementation on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and microbial shedding in weaning pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1902-1909
Author(s):  
Waewaree Boontiam ◽  
Chalong Wachirapakorn ◽  
Phreerapong Phaengphairee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Pigs

Background and Aim: Weaning pigs normally suffer from many stressors which have impaired growth performance and immunity. Hydrolyzed yeast has been proposed as an alternative feed additive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various levels of hydrolyzed yeast (HY) supplementation in the feed of weaning pigs on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and microbial populations. Materials and Methods: A total of 144 crossbred weaning pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) with a mean body weight (BW) of 7.46 kg were randomly assigned to one of four treatments during a 5-week feeding trial. Treatments consisted of a basal diet without HY inclusion (control), or the basal diet supplemented with HY at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg of diet, respectively. Results: Piglets fed with 1.0 or 1.5 g/kg HY presented significantly increased BW (p=0.009) and decreased incidence of diarrhea (p=0.001). The final BW (p=0.012), average daily gain (p=0.094), and average daily feed intake (p=0.091) showed a linear improvement with the level of HY inclusion. However, the gain-to-feed ratio was unaffected by dietary treatments. Linear responses to the HY supplementation levels were also observed for blood urea nitrogen (p=0.030), total protein (p=0.017), lymphocyte percentage (p=0.064), catalase activity (p=0.089), malondialdehyde (MDA) level (p=0.001), Salmonella spp. (p=0.024), Escherichia coli (p=0.021), and Lactobacillus spp. (p=0.048). Dietary inclusion of HY at 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg resulted in increased immunoglobulin A and G secretions (p=0.042 and p=0.022, respectively) and decreased MDA concentration (p<0.01) and Salmonella spp. (p=0.026) and E. coli (p=0.050). Conclusion: It was concluded that HY inclusion at 1.0 and 1.5 g/kg in the diet of weaning pigs improve BW, immunoglobulin secretion, and antioxidant enzyme activity, whereas it lowers diarrhea occurrence, lipid peroxidation, and pathogenic bacteria in weaning pigs.

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