scholarly journals Nanomaterials-Based Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Isolation and Detection for Non-invasive Auxiliary Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wang ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Cheng Fang ◽  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Yu-Sen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Downstream Analysis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural nanoparticles secreted by cells in the body and released into the extracellular environment. They are associated with various physiological or pathological processes, and considered as carriers in intercellular information transmission, so that EVs can be used as an important marker of liquid biopsy for disease diagnosis and prognosis. EVs are widely present in various body fluids, among which, urine is easy to obtain in large amount through non-invasive methods and has a small dynamic range of proteins, so it is a good object for studying EVs. However, most of the current isolation and detection of EVs still use traditional methods, which are of low purity, time consuming, and poor efficiency; therefore, more efficient and highly selective techniques are urgently needed. Recently, inspired by the nanoscale of EVs, platforms based on nanomaterials have been innovatively explored for isolation and detection of EVs from body fluids. These newly developed nanotechnologies, with higher selectivity and sensitivity, greatly improve the precision of isolation target EVs from urine. This review focuses on the nanomaterials used in isolation and detection of urinary EVs, discusses the advantages and disadvantages between traditional methods and nanomaterials-based platforms, and presents urinary EV-derived biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. We aim to provide a reference for researchers who want to carry out studies about nanomaterial-based platforms to identify urinary EVs, and we hope to summarize the biomarkers in downstream analysis of urinary EVs for auxiliary diagnosis of PCa disease in detail.

Separation of Extracellular Vesicles by DNA-Directed Immunocapturing Followed by Enzymatic Release

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Brambilla ◽  
Laura Sola ◽  
Elisa Chiodi ◽  
Natasa Zarovni ◽  
Diogo Fortunato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Culture Supernatant ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Downstream Analysis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted great interest among researchers due to their role in cell-cell communication, disease diagnosis, and drug delivery. In spite of their potential in the medical field, there is no consensus on the best method for separating microvesicles from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids. Obtaining a good recovery yield and preserving physical characteristics is critical for the diagnostic and therapeutic use of EVs. The separation is made complex by the fact that blood and cell culture media, contain a large number of nanoparticles in the same size range. Methods that exploit immunoaffinity capture provide high purity samples and overcome the issues of currently used separation methods. However, the release of captured nanovesicles requires harsh conditions that hinder their use in certain types of downstream analysis. Herein, a novel capture and release approach for small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), based on DNAdirected immobilization of antiCD63 antibody is presented. The flexible DNAlinker increases the capture efficiency and allows releasing of EVs by exploiting the endonucleasic activity of DNAse I. This separation protocol works under mild conditions, enabling the release of intact vesicles that can be successfully analyzed by imaging techniques. In this article sEVs recovered from plasma were characterized by established techniques for EVs analysis including nanoparticle tracking and transmission electron microscopy.<br>

scholarly journals RECENT ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF THE STEM CELLS MIGRATION METHODS

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Poveshchenko ◽  
O. V. Poveshchenko ◽  
V. I. Konenkov
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Long Time

Review is devoted to a comparative analysis of stem cells migration methods for studying in experimental conditions and clinics, assessing their strengths and weaknesses. It is impossible to single out any one preferred method for studying the migration of stem cells. Each method has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. X-ray methods " suffer" from non-specific binding of contrast marks, followed by rapid degradation and the release of the body. If it is necessary to study the migration of the transplanted stem cells for a long time interval, the visualization of the reporter gene is the best available techniques, since it can provide a non-invasive real time monitoring of the location in the tissue and stem cells isolated help assess their viability and proliferation. The most attractive of the agents for monitoring - endogenous, i.e. natural constituents stem cells, for example, genetic markers. Criteria for the application of methods to study migration in clinical and experimental results have significant differences. The main criteria for the methods of the study of cell migration in clinical settings, it must be biocompatible, safe, non-toxic, non-invasive. Accordingly, the main criteria for the experimental methods for studying the migration will be accuracy, the ability to quantify the long-term migration of cells and stability of the "label".

Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Fabia Fricke ◽  
Dominik Buschmann ◽  
Michael W. Pfaffl
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Cell Culture Media ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Basic Biology

Research into extracellular vesicles (EVs) gained significant traction in the past decade and EVs have been investigated in a wide variety of studies ranging from basic biology to diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Since EVs are secreted by most, if not all, eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, they have been detected in body fluids as diverse as blood, urine and saliva as well as in cell culture media. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of EV isolation and characterization strategies and highlight their advantages and disadvantages.

A NOVEL METHOD TO ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE DETECTION BASED ON NON-INVASIVE ECG IMAGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950002
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD KARIMI MORIDANI ◽  
MAJID POULADIAN
Keyword(s):  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Ischemic Disease ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Ischemic Episode ◽  
Time Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals containing very important information about the cardiac are one of the most common tools for physicians in the diagnosis of various types of cardiac diseases. Low accuracy in positioning, limitation of time accuracy, the similarity of signals between some diseases and normal signals and probability of missing some aspect of data are the defect aspects of this method. Importance of cardiac signals and defects of current methods in diagnosis show the need of substituting a new method to show the activity of cardiac. One of the most dangerous defections is ischemia, which corrects and on time diagnose could avoid the latter effect of it. Each of common methods for diagnosis of this illness has their own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we consider describing a non-invasive method for ischemic episode detection based on mapping of ECG signals. With this method, we can present the signals with virtual colors and facilitate the diagnosis of ischemic disease. So, a new method of 12-lead cardiac presentation is described that in fact present the 12-lead signals in two images. The result of this paper will present the indicators of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the context of disease diagnosis. This paper proposed a novel ECG imaging algorithm for classifying the normal and ischemic signals and 95.35% specificity, 96.79% sensitivity and 95.76% accuracy were achieved which are very much promising compared to the other methods and doctor’s accuracy.

scholarly journals Non-invasive prostate cancer detection by measuring miRNA variants (isomiRs) in urine extracellular vesicles

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 22566-22578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Koppers-Lalic ◽  
Michael Hackenberg ◽  
Renee de Menezes ◽  
Branislav Misovic ◽  
Magda Wachalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Prostate Cancer Detection ◽  
Non Invasive

410 NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER FROM BODY FLUIDS USING A PANEL OF TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
R. Dumache ◽  
R. Minciu ◽  
B. Bumbacila ◽  
S. Negru ◽  
A. Tudor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Suppressor Genes ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Separation of Extracellular Vesicles by DNA-Directed Immunocapturing Followed by Enzymatic Release

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Brambilla ◽  
Laura Sola ◽  
Elisa Chiodi ◽  
Natasa Zarovni ◽  
Diogo Fortunato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Culture Supernatant ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Downstream Analysis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted great interest among researchers due to their role in cell-cell communication, disease diagnosis, and drug delivery. In spite of their potential in the medical field, there is no consensus on the best method for separating microvesicles from cell culture supernatant and complex biological fluids. Obtaining a good recovery yield and preserving physical characteristics is critical for the diagnostic and therapeutic use of EVs. The separation is made complex by the fact that blood and cell culture media, contain a large number of nanoparticles in the same size range. Methods that exploit immunoaffinity capture provide high purity samples and overcome the issues of currently used separation methods. However, the release of captured nanovesicles requires harsh conditions that hinder their use in certain types of downstream analysis. Herein, a novel capture and release approach for small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), based on DNAdirected immobilization of antiCD63 antibody is presented. The flexible DNAlinker increases the capture efficiency and allows releasing of EVs by exploiting the endonucleasic activity of DNAse I. This separation protocol works under mild conditions, enabling the release of intact vesicles that can be successfully analyzed by imaging techniques. In this article sEVs recovered from plasma were characterized by established techniques for EVs analysis including nanoparticle tracking and transmission electron microscopy.<br>

scholarly journals Revolutionary Approach towards Transdermal Drug Delivery: Ethosomal Gels

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Ezekiel O. Kehinde ◽  
Shah Akrutiben ◽  
Janki Patel
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Topical Drug Delivery ◽  
Biological Barrier ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive

The human body is up of the skin which is the largest organ in the body and hence acts as a biological barrier that obstructs drug movement across the stratum corneum into the systemic circulation. The topical drug delivery system serves as a delivery system in which drugs are delivered for systemic circulation through the skin. Low diffusion rate across the stratum corneum is the main disadvantage of this system and for this limitation to be overcome, an Ethosomal formulation can be formulated which acts as a delivery system for the drug to be delivered across the biological barrier of the skin into the body. In ethosomal gel formulation, The prepared Ethosome is converted into a gel that can be applied to the skin what makes ethosomal gel formulation unique which enables drugs to reach the deep skin layers and/or the systemic circulation and enhance the delivery of active agents. In addition to this, it is also a malleable vesicular delivery carrier, soft and non-invasive. There is also a higher influx of drugs transdermally into the skin as ethosomal gel formulation allows drug to penetrate deep into the skin and enters systemic circulation. There is the development of new and novel therapies for the treatment of disease through the ethosomal drug delivery system as it is safe and effective and also easy to prepare. Topics ranging from preparation of ethosomes, Ethosomal gel, advantages and disadvantages, and characterization techniques are focused on in this review article.

scholarly journals Long term EIT based compliance monitoring in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Imanol Isasa Reinoso ◽  
Rongqing Chen ◽  
András Lovas ◽  
Knut Moeller
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Phenotype Classification ◽  
Continuous Technology

Abstract The COVID-19 is a viral infection that causes respiratory complications. Infected lungs often present ground glass opacities, thus suggesting that medical imaging technologies could provide useful information for the disease diagnosis, treatment, and posterior recovery. The Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive, radiationfree, and continuous technology that generates images by using a sequence of current injections and voltage measurements around the body, making it very appropriate for the study to monitor the regional behaviour of the lung. Moreover, this tool could also be used for a preliminary COVID-19 phenotype classification of the patients. This study is based on the monitoring of lung compliances of two COVID-19-infected patients: the results indicate that one of them could belong to the H-type, while the other is speculated belongs to L-type. It has been concluded that the EIT is a useful tool to obtain information regarding COVID-19 patients and could also be used to classify different phenotypes.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Prostate Cancer

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Ludwig ◽  
Rhea Rajvansh ◽  
Justin M Drake
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
The United States ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Meaningful Communication

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer amongst men in the United States. While the use of PSA has improved the ability to screen and ultimately diagnose PCa, there still remains false positives due to non-cancerous conditions in the prostate gland itself and other prognostic biomarkers for PCa are needed. Contents within extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers that can give valuable information about disease state, and have the additional benefit of being acquired through non-invasive liquid biopsies. Meaningful communication between cancer cells and the microenvironment are carried by EVs, which impact important cellular processes in prostate cancer such as metastasis, immune regulation, and drug resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document