scholarly journals The Hybrid Strategy of Thermoactinospora rubra YIM 77501T for Utilizing Cellulose as a Carbon Source at Different Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Rui Yin ◽  
Zhao-Hui Meng ◽  
Qing-Wen Hu ◽  
Zhao Jiang ◽  
Wen-Dong Xian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Hybrid Strategy ◽  
Different Temperatures

Synthesis of Porous Ti2SnC from TiH2-Sn-TiC/Graphite Powders in Tube Furnace

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-603 ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Yang Li ◽  
Li Bo Wang ◽  
Guo Cai Zhong ◽  
Sai Sai Li ◽  
Ai Guo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Tube Furnace ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Porous Sample ◽  
Max Phases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Porous Ti ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Ternary Carbides

Titanium tin carbide (Ti2SnC) is a member a MAX phases, which are ternary carbides or nitrides with layered structure. Ti powders are normally used as Ti source to synthesize Ti2SnC. In this paper, TiH2, a relative cheaper Ti source, was used to synthesize Ti2SnC. Ti2SnC was synthesized from TiH2/Sn/TiC or TiH2/Sn/graphite powders by a tube furnace at different temperatures under Ar atmosphere. From the analysis of X-ray diffraction results, the lowest temperature to synthesize Ti2SnC was 1000 °C. Ti2SnC content increased with temperature, and high purity Ti2SnC was fabricated at 1200 °C. From scanning electron microscopy, as-synthesized Ti2SnC from TiH2/Sn/TiC was with plate-like structure. However, for Ti2SnC from graphite as carbon source, there was some stripe microstructure. Some large pores existed between the Ti2SnC particles. The existence of the pores make the mechanical properties of Ti2SnC block significantly reduced, its compressive strength was only 0.483 MPa or 0.35 MPa respectively for samples synthesized from TiC or graphite as carbon source. The low mechanical properties make the porous sample easy to be broken as powders.

scholarly journals Rhodotorula toruloides Single Cell Oil Production Using Eucalyptus urograndis Hemicellulose Hydrolysate as a Carbon Source

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helberth Júnnior Santos Lopes ◽  
Nemailla Bonturi ◽  
Everson Alves Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Hemicellulose Hydrolysate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Active Research

Microbial oil is a potential substitute for vegetable oils in the biodiesel industry. Efforts to obtain cheap carbon sources for the cultivation of lipid-producing microorganisms comprise an active research area. This work aimed to extract the hemicellulose fraction from Eucalyptus uograndis and to use its hydrolysate as a carbon source for Rhodotorula toruloides (an oleaginous yeast) cultivation for microbial oil production. Hemicellulose hydrothermal extractions were performed at different temperatures, times, and ratios of solid to liquid (S/L). Temperature and time showed a stronger effect on the solubilization of hemicellulose. Hemicellulose extraction at 155 °C, 195 min, and an S/L ratio of 1/2 resulted in a hydrolysate with a xylose content of 37.0 g/l. R. toruloides cultivation in this hydrolysate showed that initial pH had a strong influence on cell growth. At an initial pH of 6.2, cells grew to 6.0 g/l of biomass with a lipid content of 50%. Therefore, we believe that E. urograndis hemicellulose hydrolysate could be a potential substrate for R. toruloides for lipid production based on the biorefinery concept.

scholarly journals BIOMASSES AND XYLANASE PRODUCTION BY STRAINS OF PENICILLIUM ISOLATED FROM BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
S.M. Tauk-Tornisiel ◽  
M.C. Vallejo ◽  
J.C. Govone
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Different Temperatures

ABSTRACT Six Penicillium strains were isolated from soil at a depth of 0 15 cm in the Juréia-Itatins Ecology Station (JIES), in the São Paulo State, Brazil. They were evaluated for xylanase production under different temperatures and carbon sources. The best carbon source and temperature were first determined in an automated Bioscreen C system, verifying the growth of microorganisms. Liquid media containing tap water with 2% carbohydrate and/or 1% nitrogen sources were used. Afterwards, Penicillium citrinum, P. fellutanum, P. rugulosum and P. decumbens were cultivated in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 50 mL of culture medium containing tap water sole 2% carbon source (fructose, glucose, mannitol, sucrose or xylose) and 1% yeast extract as a nitrogen source at pH 5.0 and 28o C, with agitation of 150 rpm for 72 hours. These same strains, except P. decumbens, and P. purpurogenum were cultivated in solid substrate with wheat bran under the same environmental conditions to study the potential of xylanase activity. Maximum xylanase activity was observed in cultures with wheat bran, without the addition of any other carbon source, using inocula containing 1 x 107 spores.mL-1 (28o C, pH 5.0, 72 h). It can be concluded that P. fellutanum and P. citrinumare a good xylanase producers under the conditions of 28º C. The results of xylanase activity were 54% less at 28º C in liquid cultures media cultures than in solid substrate.

scholarly journals Bacterial diversity dynamics in microbial consortia selected for lignin utilization

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0255083
Author(s):  
Isis Viana Mendes ◽  
Mariana Botelho Garcia ◽  
Ana Carolina Araújo Bitencourt ◽  
Renata Henrique Santana ◽  
Philippe de Castro Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Bacterial Consortia ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Enrichment Protocol ◽  
Defined Culture

Lignin is nature’s largest source of phenolic compounds. Its recalcitrance to enzymatic conversion is still a limiting step to increase the value of lignin. Although bacteria are able to degrade lignin in nature, most studies have focused on lignin degradation by fungi. To understand which bacteria are able to use lignin as the sole carbon source, natural selection over time was used to obtain enriched microbial consortia over a 12-week period. The source of microorganisms to establish these microbial consortia were commercial and backyard compost soils. Cultivation occurred at two different temperatures, 30°C and 37°C, in defined culture media containing either Kraft lignin or alkaline-extracted lignin as carbon source. iTag DNA sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA gene was performed for each of the consortia at six timepoints (passages). The initial bacterial richness and diversity of backyard compost soil consortia was greater than that of commercial soil consortia, and both parameters decreased after the enrichment protocol, corroborating that selection was occurring. Bacterial consortia composition tended to stabilize from the fourth passage on. After the enrichment protocol, Firmicutes phylum bacteria were predominant when lignin extracted by alkaline method was used as a carbon source, whereas Proteobacteria were predominant when Kraft lignin was used. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity calculations at genus level, visualized using NMDS plots, showed that the type of lignin used as a carbon source contributed more to differentiate the bacterial consortia than the variable temperature. The main known bacterial genera selected to use lignin as a carbon source were Altererythrobacter, Aminobacter, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Lysinibacillus, Microvirga, Mycobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxanthomonas, Rhizobiales and Sphingobium. These selected bacterial genera can be of particular interest for studying lignin degradation and utilization, as well as for lignin-related biotechnology applications.

scholarly journals Microscopy and Spectroscopy Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes Grown at Different Temperatures Using Cyclohexanol as Carbon Source

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Elsa G. Ordoñez Casanova ◽  
Héctor A. Trejo Mandujano ◽  
Manuel Román Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Technique ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Temperatures

We present the structural and spectroscopy characterization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown by the spray pyrolysis technique, using ferrocene as catalyzer and cyclohexanol as the carbon source, and synthetized in a temperature range of 750 to 1000°C. The structural morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spectroscopy response was obtained by UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy. We observed morphological changes and found that the product yield seems to increase with temperature. The optical characterization corroborated the presence of n – π∗ transitions and Van Hove singularities as result of possible electrical conductivity changes.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

Observations oh Nucleation and Growth of Voids in Nickel

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
J. L. Brimhall ◽  
H. E. Kissinger ◽  
B. Mastel
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Pure Nickel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Total Fluence ◽  
Neutron Exposure ◽  
Growth Of Voids

Some information on the size and density of voids that develop in several high purity metals and alloys during irradiation with neutrons at elevated temperatures has been reported as a function of irradiation parameters. An area of particular interest is the nucleation and early growth stage of voids. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the microstructure in high purity nickel after irradiation to a very low but constant neutron exposure at three different temperatures.Annealed specimens of 99-997% pure nickel in the form of foils 75μ thick were irradiated in a capsule to a total fluence of 2.2 × 1019 n/cm2 (E > 1.0 MeV). The capsule consisted of three temperature zones maintained by heaters and monitored by thermocouples at 350, 400, and 450°C, respectively. The temperature was automatically dropped to 60°C while the reactor was down.

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