scholarly journals Rhodotorula toruloides Single Cell Oil Production Using Eucalyptus urograndis Hemicellulose Hydrolysate as a Carbon Source

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helberth Júnnior Santos Lopes ◽  
Nemailla Bonturi ◽  
Everson Alves Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Hemicellulose Hydrolysate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Active Research

Microbial oil is a potential substitute for vegetable oils in the biodiesel industry. Efforts to obtain cheap carbon sources for the cultivation of lipid-producing microorganisms comprise an active research area. This work aimed to extract the hemicellulose fraction from Eucalyptus uograndis and to use its hydrolysate as a carbon source for Rhodotorula toruloides (an oleaginous yeast) cultivation for microbial oil production. Hemicellulose hydrothermal extractions were performed at different temperatures, times, and ratios of solid to liquid (S/L). Temperature and time showed a stronger effect on the solubilization of hemicellulose. Hemicellulose extraction at 155 °C, 195 min, and an S/L ratio of 1/2 resulted in a hydrolysate with a xylose content of 37.0 g/l. R. toruloides cultivation in this hydrolysate showed that initial pH had a strong influence on cell growth. At an initial pH of 6.2, cells grew to 6.0 g/l of biomass with a lipid content of 50%. Therefore, we believe that E. urograndis hemicellulose hydrolysate could be a potential substrate for R. toruloides for lipid production based on the biorefinery concept.

scholarly journals Waste fish oil as an alternative carbon source in microbial oil production by Yarrowia lipolytica yeast

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Agata Fabiszewska ◽  
Patrycja Mazurczak-Zieniuk ◽  
Dorota Nowak ◽  
Małgorzata Wołoszynowska ◽  
Bartłomiej Zieniuk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Alternative Carbon Source

scholarly journals Volatile Fatty Acids from Lipid-Extracted Yeast Provide Additional Feedstock for Microbial Lipid Production

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1009
Author(s):  
Gwon Woo Park ◽  
Seongsoo Son ◽  
Myounghoon Moon ◽  
Subin Sin ◽  
Kyoungseon Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Microbial Lipid ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Microbial Lipid Production

Microbial lipid production from oleaginous yeasts is a promising process for the sustainable development of the microbial biodiesel industry. However, the feedstock cost poses an economic problem for the production of microbial biodiesel. After lipid extraction, yeast biomass can be used as an organic source for microbial biodiesel production. In this study, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), produced via anaerobic digestion of a lipid-extracted yeast (LEY) residue, were utilized as a carbon source for the yeast Cryptococcus curvatus. The response surface methodology was used to determine the initial pH and inoculum volume for the optimal VFA production. The experimental result for VFA concentration was 4.51 g/L at an initial pH of 9 and an inoculation 25%. The optimization results from the response surface methodology showed that the maximal VFA concentration was 4.58 g/L at an initial pH of 8.40 and an inoculation of 39.49%. This study indicates that VFAs from LEY can be used as a carbon source for microbial biodiesel production, with the potential to significantly reduce feedstock costs.

scholarly journals Development of a Circular Oriented Bioprocess for Microbial Oil Production Using Diversified Mixed Confectionery Side-Streams

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsakona ◽  
Papadaki ◽  
Kopsahelis ◽  
Kachrimanidou ◽  
Papanikolaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Microbial Lipids ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Intracellular Content

Diversified mixed confectionery waste streams were utilized in a two-stage bioprocess to formulate a nutrient-rich fermentation media for microbial oil production. Solid-state fermentation was conducted for the production of crude enzyme consortia to be subsequently applied in hydrolytic reactions to break down starch, disaccharides, and proteins into monosaccharides, amino acids, and peptides. Crude hydrolysates were evaluated in bioconversion processes using the red yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides DSM 4444 both in batch and fed-batch mode. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, during fed-batch cultures, the concentration of microbial lipids reached 16.6–17 g·L−1 with the intracellular content being more than 40% (w/w) in both hydrolysates applied. R. toruloides was able to metabolize mixed carbon sources without catabolite repression. The fatty acid profile of the produced lipids was altered based on the substrate employed in the bioconversion process. Microbial lipids were rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, with oleic acid being the major fatty acid (61.7%, w/w). This study showed that mixed food side-streams could be valorized for the production of microbial oil with high unsaturation degree, pointing towards the potential to produce tailor-made lipids for specific food applications. Likewise, the proposed process conforms unequivocally to the principles of the circular economy, as the entire quantity of confectionery by-products are implemented to generate added-value compounds that will find applications in the same original industry, thus closing the loop.

scholarly journals Bio-lipid production from crude glycerol and lignocellulosic hydrolysate with oleaginous yeasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikolaj Chmielarz ◽  
Johanna Blomqvist ◽  
Sabine Sampels ◽  
Mats Sandgren ◽  
Volkmar Passoth
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Hemicellulose Hydrolysate ◽  
Lipid Concentration ◽  
Oleaginous Yeasts ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Fermentation Time

Abstract Background: Crude glycerol (CG) and hemicellulose hydrolysate (HH) are low- value side-products of biodiesel transesterification and pulp- and paper industry, respectively, which can be converted to microbial lipids by oleaginous yeasts. This study aimed to test the ability of oleaginous yeasts to utilise CG and HH and mixtures of them as carbon source. Results: Eleven out of 27 tested strains of oleaginous yeast species were able to grow in plate tests on CG as sole carbon source. Among them, only one ascomycetous strain, belonging to Lipomyces starkeyi , was identified, the other 10 strains were Rhodotorula spec. When yeasts were cultivated in mixed CG/ HH medium, we observed an activation of glycerol conversion in the Rhodotorula strains, but not in L. starkeyi . Two strains - Rhodotorula toruloides CBS 14 and Rhodotorula glutinis CBS 3044 were further tested in controlled fermentations in bioreactors in different mixtures of CG and HH. The highest measured average biomass and lipid concentration were achieved with R. toruloides in 40% HH medium mixed with 60 g/L CG - 19.4 g/L and 10.6 g/L, respectively, with a lipid yield of 0.22 g lipids per consumed g of carbon source. Fatty acid composition was similar to other R. toruloides strains and comparable to that of vegetable oils. Conclusions: There were big strain differences in the ability to convert CG to lipids, as only few of the tested strains were able to grow. Lipid production rates and yields showed that mixing GC and HH have a stimulating effect on lipid accumulation resulting in shortened fermentation time to reach maximum lipid concentration, which provides a new perspective on converting these low- value compounds to biolipids.

scholarly journals Rapeseed Post-Frying Oil from Fish Fillets as a Carbon Source in Microbial Oil Synthesis

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Agata Fabiszewska ◽  
Katarzyna Wierzchowska ◽  
Agnieszka Górska ◽  
Bartłomiej Zieniuk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Fish Fillets ◽  
Single Cell Oils ◽  
Unconventional Method

Microbial oils, also called single-cell oils, are lipids synthesized by microorganisms exceeding 20% of the dry weight of the cell. The aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of applying a rapeseed post-frying oil from fish fillets as a carbon source in growth medium for Yarrowia lipolytica oleaginous yeast species in order to synthesize a microbial oil. The key contribution of this work is that the solution provides a sustainable method for valorization of post-frying waste oil. Shaken batch cultures were provided and the influence of triacylglyceride hydrolysis on yeast growth was evaluated. In conclusion, post-frying rapeseed oil seems to be an easily utilizable carbon source by yeast. Regardless of the method of lipid substrate pretreatment, the yeast strain preferentially accumulated oleic acid (C18: 1) from 52.07% to 66.62% and linoleic acid (C18: 2) from 12.98% to 24.10%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of using the oxygen nanobubbles as an unconventional method of aerating the culture medium containing lipid carbon sources. The use of water oxygenated with nano-sized bubbles to prepare culture media resulted in obtaining a higher yield of biomass compared to the biomass yield in distilled water-based medium.

scholarly journals A Comparative Review on Different Trophic Modes and Usable Carbon Sources for Microalgae Cultivation, Approaching to Optimize Lipid Production in Trade Scale

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Zahra Lari ◽  
Fatemeh Khosravitabar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Lipid Yield ◽  
Comparative Review

Microalgae are considered as an outstanding feedstock to produce high value lipid products like biodiesel and biomedicine. Reaching commercial maturity in this field is possible in the case of maximizing lipid yield and minimizing prime costs. In order to clarify the best features of carbon source (for microalgae cultivation) to reach optimum efficiency of biomass and lipid production, this paper reviews the merits and demerits of different trophic modes as well as type and concentration of carbon source. Furthermore carbon supplementation for large scale microalgae cultivation and lipid production is discussed as an economical point of view.

scholarly journals Rhodococcus as Biofactories for Microbial Oil Production

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4871
Author(s):  
Héctor M. Alvarez ◽  
Martín A. Hernández ◽  
Mariana P. Lanfranconi ◽  
Roxana A. Silva ◽  
María S. Villalba
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Microbial Oil ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Wide Range

Bacteria belonging to the Rhodococcus genus are frequent components of microbial communities in diverse natural environments. Some rhodococcal species exhibit the outstanding ability to produce significant amounts of triacylglycerols (TAG) (>20% of cellular dry weight) in the presence of an excess of the carbon source and limitation of the nitrogen source. For this reason, they can be considered as oleaginous microorganisms. As occurs as well in eukaryotic single-cell oil (SCO) producers, these bacteria possess specific physiological properties and molecular mechanisms that differentiate them from other microorganisms unable to synthesize TAG. In this review, we summarized several of the well-characterized molecular mechanisms that enable oleaginous rhodococci to produce significant amounts of SCO. Furthermore, we highlighted the ability of these microorganisms to degrade a wide range of carbon sources coupled to lipogenesis. The qualitative and quantitative oil production by rhodococci from diverse industrial wastes has also been included. Finally, we summarized the genetic and metabolic approaches applied to oleaginous rhodococci to improve SCO production. This review provides a comprehensive and integrating vision on the potential of oleaginous rhodococci to be considered as microbial biofactories for microbial oil production.

scholarly journals BIOMASSES AND XYLANASE PRODUCTION BY STRAINS OF PENICILLIUM ISOLATED FROM BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
S.M. Tauk-Tornisiel ◽  
M.C. Vallejo ◽  
J.C. Govone
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Different Temperatures

ABSTRACT Six Penicillium strains were isolated from soil at a depth of 0 15 cm in the Juréia-Itatins Ecology Station (JIES), in the São Paulo State, Brazil. They were evaluated for xylanase production under different temperatures and carbon sources. The best carbon source and temperature were first determined in an automated Bioscreen C system, verifying the growth of microorganisms. Liquid media containing tap water with 2% carbohydrate and/or 1% nitrogen sources were used. Afterwards, Penicillium citrinum, P. fellutanum, P. rugulosum and P. decumbens were cultivated in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 50 mL of culture medium containing tap water sole 2% carbon source (fructose, glucose, mannitol, sucrose or xylose) and 1% yeast extract as a nitrogen source at pH 5.0 and 28o C, with agitation of 150 rpm for 72 hours. These same strains, except P. decumbens, and P. purpurogenum were cultivated in solid substrate with wheat bran under the same environmental conditions to study the potential of xylanase activity. Maximum xylanase activity was observed in cultures with wheat bran, without the addition of any other carbon source, using inocula containing 1 x 107 spores.mL-1 (28o C, pH 5.0, 72 h). It can be concluded that P. fellutanum and P. citrinumare a good xylanase producers under the conditions of 28º C. The results of xylanase activity were 54% less at 28º C in liquid cultures media cultures than in solid substrate.

scholarly journals Carbon Source Influence on Extracellular pH Changes along Bacterial Cell-Growth

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1292
Author(s):  
Rubén Sánchez-Clemente ◽  
M. Isabel Guijo ◽  
Juan Nogales ◽  
Rafael Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Extracellular Ph ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida Kt2440 ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Initial Ph

The effect of initial pH on bacterial cell-growth and its change over time was studied under aerobic heterotrophic conditions by using three bacterial strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas putida KT2440, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344. In Luria-Bertani (LB) media, pH evolved by converging to a certain value that is specific for each bacterium. By contrast, in the buffered Minimal Medium (MM), pH was generally more stable along the growth curve. In MM with glucose as carbon source, a slight acidification of the medium was observed for all strains. In the case of E. coli, a sudden drop in pH was observed during exponential cell growth that was later recovered at initial pH 7 or 8, but was irreversible below pH 6, thus arresting further cell-growth. When using other carbon sources in MM at a fixed initial pH, pH changes depended mainly on the carbon source itself. While glucose, glycerol, or octanoate slightly decreased extracellular pH, more oxidized carbon sources, such as citrate, 2-furoate, 2-oxoglutarate, and fumarate, ended up with the alkalinization of the medium. These observations are in accordance with pH change predictions using genome-scale metabolic models for the three strains, thus revealing the metabolic reasons behind pH change. Therefore, we conclude that the composition of the medium, specifically the carbon source, determines pH change during bacterial growth to a great extent and unravel the main molecular mechanism behind this phenotype. These findings pave the way for predicting pH changes in a given bacterial culture and may anticipate the interspecies interactions and fitness of bacteria in their environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document