scholarly journals The Effect of Promoter and RBS Combination on the Growth and Glycogen Productivity of Sodium-Dependent Bicarbonate Transporter (SbtA) Overexpressing Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jai Kumar Gupta ◽  
Shireesh Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Bicarbonate Transporter ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Synechococcus Sp ◽  
Carbon Transport

Sodium dependent bicarbonate transporter, SbtA is a high-affinity, inducible bicarbonate transporter in cyanobacterial cells. Our previous work has shown that overexpression of this transporter can significantly increase growth and glycogen accumulation in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 cells. In this work, we have tested the effect of two different RBS sequences (RBS1: GGAGGA and RBS2: AGGAGA) and three different promoters (PcpcB, PcpcB560, and PrbcL2) on the growth and glycogen production in SbtA-overexpressing Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 cells. Our results show that PcpcB or PcpcB560 were more effective than PrbcL2 in increasing the growth and glycogen content. The choice of RBS sequence had relatively minor effect, though RBS2 was more effective than RBS1. The transformant E, with PcpcB560 and RBS2, showed the highest growth. The biomass after 5 days of growth on air or 1% CO2 was increased by about 90% in the strain E compared to PCC 7002 cells. All transformants overexpressing SbtA had higher glycogen content. However, growing the cells with bubbling of 1% CO2 did not increase cellular glycogen content any further. The strain E had about 80% higher glycogen content compared to WT PCC 7002 cells. Therefore, the glycogen productivity of the strain E grown with air-bubbling was about 2.5-fold that of the WT PCC 7002 cells grown similarly. Additionally, some of the transformants had higher chlorophyll content while all the transformants had higher carotenoid content compared to the PCC 7002 cells, suggesting interaction between carbon transport and pigment levels. Thus, this work shows that the choice of photosynthetic promoters and RBSs sequences can impact growth and glycogen accumulation in SbtA-overexpressing cells.

Structure, function and regulation of the cyanobacterial high-affinity bicarbonate transporter, BCT1

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Omata ◽  
Yukari Takahashi ◽  
Osamu Yamaguchi ◽  
Takashi Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Bicarbonate Transporter ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
The Family ◽  
Synechococcus Strain ◽  
Synechococcus Sp ◽  
Substrate Binding Protein

The cmpABCD operon of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942, which is transcribed specifically under CO2-limited growth conditions, encodes an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter involved in HCO3–uptake (designated BCT1). The product of the cmpA gene is a 42-kDa protein anchored to the plasma membrane, which binds HCO3– with high affinity (Kd= 5 µM) and acts as the substrate-binding protein of the transporter. The apparent Km(HCO3–) of BCT1 is 15 µM. BCT1 has the highest affinity for HCO3– among the HCO3– transporters of the Synechococcus strain and is essential for competitive utilization of HCO3– under CO2-limited conditions. BCT1 is closely related to the cyanobacterial nitrate/nitrite transporter (NRT) encoded by the nrtABCD genes. The BCT1 and NRT transporters, together with the putative cyanate transporter of cyanobacteria, comprise a monoanion transporter subfamily in the family of ABC importers. BCT1 and NRT are present in most fresh-water strains of cyanobacteria but seem to be absent in marine cyanobacterial strains. The low CO2-responsive induction of thecmp operon requires a LysR family protein CmpR, which is similar to CbbR (RbcR), the activator of the CO2 fixation operons of chemoautotrophic and purple photosynthetic bacteria.

Differentiation of Substrate and Nonsubstrate Inhibitors of the High-Affinity, Sodium-Dependent Glutamate Transporters

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans P. Koch ◽  
Michael P. Kavanaugh ◽  
Christopher S. Esslinger ◽  
Noah Zerangue ◽  
John M. Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamate Transporters ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Sodium Dependent

scholarly journals Blue Light added with Red LEDs Enhance Growth Characteristics, Pigments Content, and Antioxidant Capacity in Lettuce, Spinach, Kale, Basil, and Sweet Pepper in a Controlled Environment

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Most Naznin ◽  
Mark Lefsrud ◽  
Valerie Gravel ◽  
Md Azad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to investigate the different combinations of red (R) and blue (B) light emitting diode (LEDs’) lighting effects on growth, pigment content, and antioxidant capacity in lettuce, spinach, kale, basil, and pepper in a growth chamber. The growth chamber was equipped with R and B light percentages based on total light intensity: 83% R + 17% B; 91% R + 9% B; 95% R + 5% B; and control was 100% R. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), photoperiod, temperature, and relative humidity of the growth chamber were maintained at 200 ± 5 μmol m−2 s−1, 16 h, 25/21 ± 2.5 °C, and 65 ± 5%, respectively. It is observed that the plant height of lettuce, kale, and pepper was significantly increased under 100% R light, whereas the plant height of spinach and basil did not show any significant difference. The total leaf number of basil and pepper was significantly increased under the treatment of 95% R + 5% B light, while no significant difference was observed for other plant species in the same treatment. Overall, the fresh and dry mass of the studied plants was increased under 91% R + 9% B and 95% R + 5% B light treatment. The significantly higher flower and fruit numbers of pepper were observed under the 95% R + 5% B treatment. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content of lettuce, spinach, basil, and pepper was significantly increased under the 91% R + 9% B treatment while the chlorophyll content of kale was increased under the 95% R + 5% B light treatment. The total carotenoid content of lettuce and spinach was higher in the 91% R + 9% B treatment whereas the carotenoid content of kale, basil, and pepper was increased under the 83% R + 17% B treatment. The antioxidant capacity of the lettuce, spinach, and kale was increased under the 83% R + 17% B treatment while basil and pepper were increased under the 91% R + 9% B treatment. This result indicates that the addition of B light is essential with R light to enhance growth, pigment content, and antioxidant capacity of the vegetable plant in a controlled environment. Moreover, the percentage of B with R light is plant species dependent.

scholarly journals Diet affects body color and energy metabolism in the Baikal endemic amphipod Eulimnogammarus cyaneus maintained in laboratory conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Saranchina ◽  
Polina Drozdova ◽  
Andrei Mutin ◽  
Maxim Timofeyev
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Carotenoid ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Proper diet is critical for laboratory-reared animals, as it may affect not only their welfare, but also experimental results. Amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda) play important roles in ecosystems and are often used in environmental research. Endemic amphipods from the ancient Lake Baikal are promising for laboratory bioassays; however, there are currently no laboratory cultures. In this work, we determine how different diets affect the color and metabolism of a laboratory-reared Baikal amphipod, Eulimnogammarus cyaneus. We found that in freshly collected blue-colored animals, body color correlated with total carotenoid content. Total carotenoid levels did not differ after long-term (two months) feeding with a close to natural carotenoid-enriched, or even a carotenoid-depleted diet. Nevertheless, antennae color was closer to red in the natural-like diet group. It is likely that the carotenoids from the commercial diet are not properly metabolized in E. cyaneus. The animals fed commercial diets had a higher glycogen content, which may signify a higher metabolic rate. Overall, we show that a carotenoid-enriched diet optimized for decapods is not optimal for amphipods, likely due to different carotenoid compositions, and the diet for long-term rearing of E. cyaneus and other Baikal amphipods requires supplementation.

Chilling-induced chlorosis in maize (Zea mays)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hodgins ◽  
R. B. van Huystee
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Control Tissue ◽  
Etiolated Seedlings ◽  
Chilling Temperatures ◽  
And Control

The effect of chilling temperatures on the porphyrin pathway leading to chlorophyll was studied in Seneca Chief hybrid sweet corn. One-week-old seedlings grown at 28 °C in a 14 h light: 10 h dark photoperiod synthesize negligible amounts of chlorophyll when exposed to 12 °C for a subsequent 6 d. When the chilled plant is then brought back to 28 °C, chlorophyll synthesis is restored to control levels. Little difference in carotenoid content was detected between chill-stressed and control tissue even after 4 d of stress. Small differences in the chlorophyll content per 106 chloroplasts could be detected between stressed and control seedlings. Etiolated seedlings synthesize negligible amounts of chlorophyll or its precursors when illuminated at 12 °C. Incubation of tissue with aminolevulinic acid at various temperatures from 12 to 22 °C resulted in an accumulation of precursors comparable to 28 °C control tissue. The ability of etiolated tissue to accumulate aminolevulinic acid was negligible when illuminated at 12 °C as compared with that in tissue illuminated at 28 °C.

scholarly journals Application of Nano-Silicon Dioxide Improves Salt Stress Tolerance in Strawberry Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Avestan ◽  
Mahmood Ghasemnezhad ◽  
Masoud Esfahani ◽  
Caitlin S. Byrt
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Nano Silicon ◽  
Epicuticular Wax Layer

Silicon application can improve productivity outcomes for salt stressed plants. Here, we describe how strawberry plants respond to treatments including various combinations of salt stress and nano-silicon dioxide, and assess whether nano-silicon dioxide improves strawberry plant tolerance to salt stress. Strawberry plants were treated with salt (0, 25 or 50 mM NaCl), and the nano-silicon dioxide treatments were applied to the strawberry plants before (0, 50 and 100 mg L−1) or after (0 and 50 mg L−1) flowering. The salt stress treatments reduced plant biomass, chlorophyll content, and leaf relative water content (RWC) as expected. Relative to control (no NaCl) plants the salt treated plants had 10% lower membrane stability index (MSI), 81% greater proline content, and 54% greater cuticular transpiration; as well as increased canopy temperature and changes in the structure of the epicuticular wax layer. The plants treated with nano-silicon dioxide were better able to maintain epicuticular wax structure, chlorophyll content, and carotenoid content and accumulated less proline relative to plants treated only with salt and no nano-silicon dioxide. Analysis of scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images revealed that the salt treatments resulted in changes in epicuticular wax type and thickness, and that the application of nano-silicon dioxide suppressed the adverse effects of salinity on the epicuticular wax layer. Nano-silicon dioxide treated salt stressed plants had increased irregular (smoother) crystal wax deposits in their epicuticular layer. Together these observations indicate that application of nano-silicon dioxide can limit the adverse anatomical and biochemical changes related to salt stress impacts on strawberry plants and that this is, in part, associated with epicuticular wax deposition.

Influence of Fluridone on Chlorophyll Content of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Devlin ◽  
C. N. Saras ◽  
M. J. Kisiel ◽  
A. S. Kostusiak
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Low Light Intensity ◽  
Chlorophyll Production ◽  
Effect Of Light

Chlorophyll content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Mericopa’) and corn (Zea mays L. ‘Merit’) treated with the herbicide fluridone {1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-4(1H)-pyridinone} and grown under high light intensity (10.8 klux), was markedly reduced. Corn and wheat germinated from seeds treated with 10 uM fluridone and grown for 6 days were almost completely bleached. Under low light intensity (108 lux) the influence of fluridone on chlorophyll production was greatly reduced. Under very low light intensity (21.5 lux) this influence was almost completely lost. The effect of light on the activity of fluridone suggests that the inhibition of carotenoid production may represent the mode of action of this herbicide. This study shows that the carotenoid content of wheat or corn drops dramatically when these plants are treated with fluridone.

Presence of multiple sodium-dependent phosphate transport processes in proximal brush-border membrane

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (2) ◽  
pp. F226-F231 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Walker ◽  
T. S. Yan ◽  
G. A. Quamme
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Brush Border Membrane ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Medullary Tissue ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Early Proximal Tubule

Renal brush-border membrane phosphate transport was studied in early and late segments of the pig proximal tubule. Vesicles were prepared from early proximal tubules (outer cortical tissue) and late proximal tubules (outer medullary tissue). Sodium-dependent phosphate uptake into brush-border membrane vesicles was determined using voltage clamp at 5-6 s, 21 degrees C. Sodium-dependent D-glucose uptake was determined to verify the cortical and medullary tissue cuts. At pH 8.0 (pHi = pHo), two sodium-dependent phosphate transport systems were evident in the early proximal tubule: a high-affinity system [Km, 0.06 +/- 0.01 mM; maximal transport activity (Vmax), 3.6 +/- 1.1 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1] and a low-affinity system (Km, 4.11 +/- 0.02 mM; Vmax, 9.7 +/- 0.7 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1). In the late proximal tubule at pH 8.0, only a single high-affinity transport process (Km, 0.19 +/- 0.7 mM; Vmax, 3.4 +/- 0.5 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1) was evident. D-Glucose kinetics at pH 7.0 revealed both a high-affinity (Km, 0.55 +/- 0.09 mM) and a low-affinity (Km, 20.09 +/- 1.39 mM) system in the early proximal segment and a single high-affinity (Km, 1.27 +/- 0.36 mM) process in the late segment. These data suggest that two systems, distinct in their affinities and capacities, are involved in both D-glucose and phosphate transport across the brush-border membrane of the early proximal tubule, but that only a single high-affinity system is present in the late segment.

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