scholarly journals Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Combined With Mediterranean Diet on Insulin Sensitivity in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annefleur M. Koopen ◽  
Eduardo L. Almeida ◽  
Ilias Attaye ◽  
Julia J. Witjes ◽  
Elena Rampanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Beneficial Effects

BackgroundRecent studies demonstrate that a Mediterranean diet has beneficial metabolic effects in metabolic syndrome subjects. Since we have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from lean donors exerts beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, in the present trial, we investigated the potential synergistic effects on insulin sensitivity of combining a Mediterranean diet with donor FMT in subjects with metabolic syndrome.DesignTwenty-four male subjects with metabolic syndrome were put on a Mediterranean diet and after a 2-week run-in phase, the subjects were randomized to either lean donor (n = 12) or autologous (n = 12) FMT. Changes in the gut microbiota composition and bacterial strain engraftment after the 2-week dietary regimens and 6 weeks post-FMT were the primary endpoints. The secondary objectives were changes in glucose fluxes (both hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity), postprandial plasma incretin (GLP-1) levels, subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation, and plasma metabolites.ResultsConsumption of the Mediterranean diet resulted in a reduction in body weight, HOMA-IR, and lipid levels. However, no large synergistic effects of combining the diet with lean donor FMT were seen on the gut microbiota diversity after 6 weeks. Although we did observe changes in specific bacterial species and plasma metabolites, no significant beneficial effects on glucose fluxes, postprandial incretins, or subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation were detected.ConclusionsIn this small pilot randomized controlled trial, no synergistic beneficial metabolic effects of combining a Mediterranean diet with lean donor FMT on glucose metabolism were achieved. However, we observed engraftment of specific bacterial species. Future trials are warranted to test the combination of other microbial interventions and diets in metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Impact of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome—A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Mocanu ◽  
Cai ◽  
Dang ◽  
Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a gut microbial-modulation strategy that has been investigated for the treatment of a variety of human diseases, including obesity-associated metabolic disorders. This study appraises current literature and provides an overview of the effectiveness and limitations of FMT as a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). Five electronic databases and two gray literature sources were searched up to 10 December 2018. All interventional and observational studies that contained information on the relevant population (adult patients with obesity and MS), intervention (receiving allogeneic FMT) and outcomes (metabolic parameters) were eligible. From 1096 unique citations, three randomized placebo-controlled studies (76 patients with obesity and MS, body mass index = 34.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2, fasting plasma glucose = 5.8 ± 0.7 mmol/L) were included for review. Studies reported mixed results with regards to improvement in metabolic parameters. Two studies reported improved peripheral insulin sensitivity (rate of glucose disappearance, RD) at 6 weeks in patients receiving donor FMT versus patients receiving the placebo control. In addition, one study observed lower HbA1c levels in FMT patients at 6 weeks. No differences in fasting plasma glucose, hepatic insulin sensitivity, body mass index (BMI), or cholesterol markers were observed between two groups across all included studies. While promising, the influence of FMT on long-term clinical endpoints needs to be further explored. Future studies are also required to better understand the mechanisms through which changes in gut microbial ecology and engraftment of microbiota affect metabolic outcomes for patients with obesity and MS. In addition, further research is needed to better define the optimal fecal microbial preparation, dosing, and method of delivery.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Akkermansia muciniphila Are Not Associated with Major Changes in the Circulating Endocannabinoidome but Linked to Higher Mono-Palmitoyl-Glycerol Levels as New PPARα Agonists

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Clara Depommier ◽  
Rosa Maria Vitale ◽  
Fabio Arturo Iannotti ◽  
Cristoforo Silvestri ◽  
Nicolas Flamand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Daily Ingestion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Palmitoyl Glycerol

Akkermansia muciniphila is considered as one of the next-generation beneficial bacteria in the context of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Although a first proof-of-concept of its beneficial effects has been established in the context of metabolic syndrome in humans, mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aimed at deciphering whether the bacterium exerts its beneficial properties through the modulation of the endocannabinoidome (eCBome). Circulating levels of 25 endogenous endocannabinoid-related lipids were quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the plasma of overweight or obese individuals before and after a 3 months intervention consisting of the daily ingestion of either alive or pasteurized A. muciniphila. Results from multivariate analyses suggested that the beneficial effects of A. muciniphila were not linked to an overall modification of the eCBome. However, subsequent univariate analysis showed that the decrease in 1-Palmitoyl-glycerol (1-PG) and 2-Palmitoyl-glycerol (2-PG), two eCBome lipids, observed in the placebo group was significantly counteracted by the alive bacterium, and to a lower extent by the pasteurized form. We also discovered that 1- and 2-PG are endogenous activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). We hypothesize that PPARα activation by mono-palmitoyl-glycerols may underlie part of the beneficial metabolic effects induced by A. muciniphila in human metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Fecal microbiota transplantation from high caloric-fed donors alters glucose metabolism in recipient mice, independently of adiposity or exercise status

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. E203-E216
Author(s):  
Jereon Zoll ◽  
Mark N. Read ◽  
Sarah E. Heywood ◽  
Emma Estevez ◽  
Jessica P. S. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Glucose Levels

Studies suggest the gut microbiota contributes to the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Exercise alters microbiota composition and diversity and is protective of these maladies. We tested whether the protective metabolic effects of exercise are mediated through fecal components through assessment of body composition and metabolism in recipients of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from exercise-trained (ET) mice fed normal or high-energy diets. Donor C57BL/6J mice were fed a chow or high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHS) for 4 wk to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Mice were divided into sedentary (Sed) or ET groups (6 wk treadmill-based ET) while maintaining their diets, resulting in four donor groups: chow sedentary (NC-Sed) or ET (NC-ET) and HFHS sedentary (HFHS-Sed) or ET (HFHS-ET). Chow-fed recipient mice were gavaged with feces from the respective donor groups weekly, creating four groups (NC-Sed-R, NC-ET-R, HFHS-Sed-R, HFHS-ET-R), and body composition and metabolism were assessed. The HFHS diet led to glucose intolerance and obesity in the donors, whereas exercise training (ET) restrained adiposity and improved glucose tolerance. No donor group FMT altered recipient body composition. Despite unaltered adiposity, glucose levels were disrupted when challenged in mice receiving feces from HFHS-fed donors, irrespective of donor-ET status, with a decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose clearance into white adipose tissue and large intestine and specific changes in the recipient’s microbiota composition observed. FMT can transmit HFHS-induced disrupted glucose metabolism to recipient mice independently of any change in adiposity. However, the protective metabolic effect of ET on glucose metabolism is not mediated through fecal factors.

Tu1909 IMPACT OF FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION ON PREVENTION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PATIENTS WITH OBESITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1214-S-1215
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Allegretti ◽  
Zain Kassam ◽  
Jonathan Hurtado ◽  
Madeline Carrellas ◽  
Julian Marchesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota

scholarly journals Extended Screening Costs Associated With Selecting Donors for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Craven ◽  
Seema Nair Parvathy ◽  
Justin Tat-Ko ◽  
Jeremy P Burton ◽  
Michael S Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Donor Screening ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Knowledge of the impact of the gut microbiome on conditions other than Clostridium difficile infection has been rapidly increasing, and the potential usefulness of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in these indications is being explored. The need to exclude donors with an increased risk of these diseases has left uncertainties regarding the cost and feasibility of donor screening. The aim of this study was to compare our experience to other donor-screening programs and report the costs associated with establishing a donor-screening program, for the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related conditions. Methods Forty-six potential donors (PDs) had their medical histories and physical examinations undertaken by a physician. Blood, stool, and urine were screened for 31 viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoan agents in addition to biochemical characteristics. The price of advertising, doctor’s visits and diagnostic tests were calculated to determine the cost of finding a donor. Results Of the PDs screened, 5 of 46 passed the history, examination, blood, stool, and urine tests. The most common reasons for exclusion included a body mass index >25 or the detection of Blastocystis hominis, Dientamoeba fragilis, or Helicobacter pylori. Four of five eligible donors had subsequent travel or illness that contraindicated donation, so only 1 of 46 PDs was suitable. The total cost for finding a single suitable donor was $15190 US dollars. This screening was performed in Canada, and costs in the United States would be substantially higher. Conclusions New potential therapeutic uses for FMT have created a demand for stricter exclusion criteria for donors. This study illustrates that screening many individuals to find a donor and the subsequent associated costs may make central processing and shipment a more reasonable alternative.

Su1957 - Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Confers Beneficial Metabolic Effects of Diet and Exercise on Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-646
Author(s):  
Chun-Ying Wu ◽  
Emad M. El-Omar ◽  
Ching-Hung Tseng ◽  
Jaw-Town Lin ◽  
Hsiu J. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Irisin and Testosterone in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravko Kamenov ◽  
Yavor Assyov ◽  
Petya Angelova ◽  
Antoaneta Gateva ◽  
Adelina Tsakova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractThe beneficial effects of testosterone on the metabolism and body composition of men are well established but the exact mechanisms of these effects are not clearly understood. A potential explanation might lie in the hormones, secreted from skeletal muscles, named “myokines”. One such myokine, irisin, has been shown to also have potential beneficial metabolic effects. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the association of serum testosterone with circulating serum irisin levels in men with metabolic syndrome. A total 128 men with metabolic syndrome (MS) based on the IDF criteria participated in the study. Irisin serum concentration was determined by means of ELISA. Mean age±SD of the study participants was 51.8±8.3 years. Seventy percent of the subjects had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulating irisin was inversely associated with serum testosterone (r=−0.279, p<0.01) and was significantly higher in subjects with hypogonadism – mean±SD 252.0±147.1 vs.172.9±92.2 ng/ml (p=0.002). ROC analysis of serum irisin value was determined for distinguishing subjects with hypogonadism (AUC=0.670). In a multiple linear regression model with BMI, FPG, age, and irisin, only BMI (β=−0.228, p=0.004) and irisin (β=−0.170, p=0.045) were variables independently associated with testosterone concentrations. Irisin is negatively associated with serum testosterone in our population sample of men with MS. This might suggest a possible involvement of myokines and testosterone with regards to the human metabolism. As no such data on this association has been reported in the literature thus far, further prospective studies are required to elucidate this correlation.

scholarly journals Identification and engraftment of new bacterial strains by shotgun metagenomic sequence analysis in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection before and after fecal microbiota transplantation and in healthy human subjects

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0251590
Author(s):  
Sandeep Verma ◽  
Sudhir K. Dutta ◽  
Elad Firnberg ◽  
Laila Phillips ◽  
Rakesh Vinayek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Metagenomic Sequence ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Before And After

Background Recurrent Clostridioides diffícile infection (RCDI) is associated with major bacterial dysbiosis and colitis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a highly effective therapeutic modality for RCDI. While several studies have identified bacterial species associated with resolution of symptoms in patients, characterization of the fecal microbiome at the bacterial strain level in RCDI patients before and after FMT and healthy donors, has been lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of bacterial strains from healthy donors to engraft in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with RCDI following FMT. Methods Fecal samples were collected from 22 patients with RCDI before and after FMT and their corresponding healthy donors. Total DNA was extracted from each sample and analyzed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The Cosmos-ID analysis platform was used for taxonomic assignment of sequences and calculation of the relative abundance (RA) of bacterial species and strains. From these data, the total number of bacterial strains (BSI), Shannon diversity index, dysbiosis index (DI), and bacterial engraftment factor, were calculated for each strain. Findings A marked reduction (p<0·0001) in the RA of total and specific bacterial strains, especially from phylum Firmicutes, was observed in RCDI patients prior to FMT. This change was associated with an increase in the DI (p<0·0001) and in pathobiont bacterial strains from phylum Proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Klebsiella pneumoniae UCI 34. BSI was significantly lower in this group of patients as compared to healthy donors and correlated with the Shannon Index. (p<0·0001). Identification and engraftment of bacterial strains from healthy donors revealed a greater diversity and higher relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacterial strains, including Lachnospiraceae bacterium 5_1_63FAA_u_t, Dorea formicigenerans ATCC 27755, Anaerostipes hadrusand others, in RCDI patients after FMT. Interpretation These observations identify a group of SCFA-producing bacterial strains from healthy donors that engraft well in patients with RCDI following FMT and are associated with complete resolution of clinical symptoms and bacterial dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Metabolic Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shu-ying Li ◽  
Ya-ling Zhao ◽  
Yu-fan Yang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Min Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Background. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is commonly used for the treatment of hypogonadism in men, which is often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (Mets). Recent compiling evidence shows that TRT has beneficial metabolic effects on these patients. Objective. A meta-analysis has been conducted to evaluate the effects of TRT on cardiovascular metabolic factors. Methods. We conducted a systemic search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and CNKI and selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to include. The efficacy of TRT on glycemia, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and body weight was meta-analyzed by Review Manager. Results. A total of 18 RCTs, containing 1415 patients (767 in TRT and 648 in control), were enrolled for the meta-analysis. The results showed that TRT could reduce HbA1c (MD = −0.67, 95% CI −1.35, −0.19, and P = 0.006 ) and improve HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance) (SMD = −1.94, 95% CI −2.65, −1.23, and P < 0.0001 ). TRT could also decrease low-density lipoprotein (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI −0.82, −0.90, and P = 0.002 ) and triglycerides (MD = −0.64, 95% CI −0.91, −0.36, and P < 0.0001 ). In addition, TRT could reduce body weight by 3.91 kg (MD = −3.91, 95% CI −4.14, −3.69, and P < 0.00001 ) and waist circumference by 2.8 cm (MD −2.80, 95% CI −4.38, −1.21 and P = 0.0005 ). Erectile dysfunction (measured by IIEF-5) did not improve, while aging-related symptoms (measured by AMS scores) significantly improved. Conclusions. TRT improves glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and lipid parameters in hypogonadism patients with T2DM and MetS, partially through reducing central obesity.

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