scholarly journals A Valuable Product of Microbial Cell Factories: Microbial Lipase

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Yao ◽  
Kaiquan Liu ◽  
Hongling Liu ◽  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Ruiming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Multiple Reactions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Microbial Lipases ◽  
Biodiesel Fuels ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

As a powerful factory, microbial cells produce a variety of enzymes, such as lipase. Lipase has a wide range of actions and participates in multiple reactions, and they can catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into its component free fatty acids and glycerol backbone. Lipase exists widely in nature, most prominently in plants, animals and microorganisms, among which microorganisms are the most important source of lipase. Microbial lipases have been adapted for numerous industrial applications due to their substrate specificity, heterogeneous patterns of expression and versatility (i.e., capacity to catalyze reactions at the extremes of pH and temperature as well as in the presence of metal ions and organic solvents). Now they have been introduced into applications involving the production and processing of food, pharmaceutics, paper making, detergents, biodiesel fuels, and so on. In this mini-review, we will focus on the most up-to-date research on microbial lipases and their commercial and industrial applications. We will also discuss and predict future applications of these important technologies.

scholarly journals Metabolic engineering strategy for synthetizing trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline in microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Zhang ◽  
Pengfu Liu ◽  
Weike Su ◽  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Wenqian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Important Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Engineering Strategy ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
New Strategies

AbstractTrans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is an important amino acid that is widely used in medicinal and industrial applications, particularly as a valuable chiral building block for the organic synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Traditionally, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is produced by the acidic hydrolysis of collagen, but this process has serious drawbacks, such as low productivity, a complex process and heavy environmental pollution. Presently, trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline is mainly produced via fermentative production by microorganisms. Some recently published advances in metabolic engineering have been used to effectively construct microbial cell factories that have improved the trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline biosynthetic pathway. To probe the potential of microorganisms for trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline production, new strategies and tools must be proposed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline, including its biosynthetic pathway, proline hydroxylases and production by metabolic engineering, with a focus on improving its production.

scholarly journals The Role of Synthetic Biology in the Design of Microbial Cell Factories for Biofuel Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Leticia Colin ◽  
Analía Rodríguez ◽  
Héctor Antonio Cristóbal
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories

Insecurity in the supply of fossil fuels, volatile fuel prices, and major concerns regarding climate change have sparked renewed interest in the production of fuels from renewable resources. Because of this, the use of biodiesel has grown dramatically during the last few years and is expected to increase even further in the future. Biodiesel production through the use of microbial systems has marked a turning point in the field of biofuels since it is emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional technology. Recent progress in synthetic biology has accelerated the ability to analyze, construct, and/or redesign microbial metabolic pathways with unprecedented precision, in order to permit biofuel production that is amenable to industrial applications. The review presented here focuses specifically on the role of synthetic biology in the design of microbial cell factories for efficient production of biodiesel.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of Fatty Alcohols in Engineered Microbial Cell Factories: Advances and Limitations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anagha Krishnan ◽  
Bonnie A. McNeil ◽  
David T. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Alcohol ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Endogenous Fatty Acid ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories

Concerns about climate change and environmental destruction have led to interest in technologies that can replace fossil fuels and petrochemicals with compounds derived from sustainable sources that have lower environmental impact. Fatty alcohols produced by chemical synthesis from ethylene or by chemical conversion of plant oils have a large range of industrial applications. These chemicals can be synthesized through biological routes but their free forms are produced in trace amounts naturally. This review focuses on how genetic engineering of endogenous fatty acid metabolism and heterologous expression of fatty alcohol producing enzymes have come together resulting in the current state of the field for production of fatty alcohols by microbial cell factories. We provide an overview of endogenous fatty acid synthesis, enzymatic methods of conversion to fatty alcohols and review the research to date on microbial fatty alcohol production. The primary focus is on work performed in the model microorganisms, Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae but advances made with cyanobacteria and oleaginous yeasts are also considered. The limitations to production of fatty alcohols by microbial cell factories are detailed along with consideration to potential research directions that may aid in achieving viable commercial scale production of fatty alcohols from renewable feedstock.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting of microbial strains for biofuel production: metabolic engineering, applications, and challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobolaji Felicia Adegboye ◽  
Omena Bernard Ojuederie ◽  
Paola M. Talia ◽  
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe issues of global warming, coupled with fossil fuel depletion, have undoubtedly led to renewed interest in other sources of commercial fuels. The search for renewable fuels has motivated research into the biological degradation of lignocellulosic biomass feedstock to produce biofuels such as bioethanol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen. The model strain for biofuel production needs the capability to utilize a high amount of substrate, transportation of sugar through fast and deregulated pathways, ability to tolerate inhibitory compounds and end products, and increased metabolic fluxes to produce an improved fermentation product. Engineering microbes might be a great approach to produce biofuel from lignocellulosic biomass by exploiting metabolic pathways economically. Metabolic engineering is an advanced technology for the construction of highly effective microbial cell factories and a key component for the next-generation bioeconomy. It has been extensively used to redirect the biosynthetic pathway to produce desired products in several native or engineered hosts. A wide range of novel compounds has been manufactured through engineering metabolic pathways or endogenous metabolism optimizations by metabolic engineers. This review is focused on the potential utilization of engineered strains to produce biofuel and gives prospects for improvement in metabolic engineering for new strain development using advanced technologies.

scholarly journals Navigating the Valley of Death: Perceptions of Industry and Academia on Production Platforms and Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linde FC Kampers ◽  
Enrique Asin Garcia ◽  
Peter J Schaap ◽  
Annemarie Wagemakers ◽  
Vitor AP Martins dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Cell Factory ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Industrial Performance ◽  
Research Choices ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Valley Of Death

AbstractRational lifestyle engineering using computational methods and synthetic biology has made it possible to genetically improve industrial performance of microbial cell factories for the production of a range of biobased chemicals. However, only an estimated 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 innovations make it through the Valley of Death to market implementation.To gain in-depth insights into the views of industry and academia on key bottlenecks and opportunities to reach market implementation, a qualitative and exploratory study was performed by conducting 12 in depth interviews with 8 industrial and 4 academic participants. The characteristics that any cell factory must have were schematically listed, and commonly recognised opportunities were identified.We found that academics are limited by only technical factors in their research, while industry is restricted in their research choices and flexibility by a series of technical, sector dependent and social factors. This leads to a misalignment of interest of academics and funding industrial partners, often resulting in miscommunication. Although both are of the opinion that academia must perform curiosity-driven research to find innovative solutions, there is a certain pressure to aim for short-term industrial applications. All these factors add up to the Valley of Death; the gap between development and market implementation.A third party, in the form of start-up companies, could be the answer to bridging the Valley of Death.

scholarly journals Animal Fat as a Substrate for Production of n-6 Fatty Acids by Fungal Solid-State Fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ondrej Slaný ◽  
Tatiana Klempová ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
Boris Zimmermann ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
By Products ◽  
Β Carotene

The method of solid-state fermentation (SSF) represents a powerful technology for the fortification of animal-based by-products. Oleaginous Zygomycetes fungi are efficient microbial cell factories used in SSF to valorize a wide range of waste and rest cereal materials. The application of this fermentation technique for utilization and biotransformation of animal-based materials represents a distinguished step in their treatment. In this study, for the first time, the strain Umbelopsis isabellina CCF2412 was used for the bioconversion of animal fat by-products to the fermented bioproducts enriched with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Bioconversion of both cereals and the animal fat by-product resulted in the production of fermented bioproducts enriched with not just GLA (maximal yield was 6.4 mg GLA/g of fermented bioproduct), but also with high yields of glucosamine. Moreover, the fermentation on the cornmeal matrix led to obtaining bioproduct enriched with β-carotene. An increased amount of β-carotene content improved the antioxidant stability of obtained fermented bioproducts. Furthermore, the application of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid analysis and characterization of the biochemical profile of obtained SSF bioproducts was also studied.

scholarly journals New Insights Into the Biosynthesis of Typical Bioactive Components in the Traditional Chinese Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps militaris

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyun Wu ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Ailin Huang ◽  
Yuanyuan Shen ◽  
Xuanyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Medicinal Fungus ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients

Cordyceps militaris, a traditional medicinal ingredient with a long history of application in China, is regarded as a high-value fungus due to its production of various bioactive ingredients with a wide range of pharmacological effects in clinical treatment. Several typical bioactive ingredients, such as cordycepin, D-mannitol, cordyceps polysaccharides, and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA), have received increasing attention due to their antitumor, antioxidant, antidiabetic, radioprotective, antiviral and immunomodulatory activities. Here, we systematically sorted out the latest research progress on the chemical characteristics, biosynthetic gene clusters and pathways of these four typical bioactive ingredients. This summary will lay a foundation for obtaining low-cost and high-quality bioactive ingredients in large amounts using microbial cell factories in the future.

Food Grade Microorganisms for Nutraceutical Production for Industrial Applications

2022 ◽  
pp. 985-1011
Author(s):  
Hemansi ◽  
Raj Kamal Vibhuti ◽  
Rishikesh Shukla ◽  
Rishi Gupta ◽  
Jitendra Kumar Saini
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Microbial Cell ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Enhanced Production

Nutraceuticals are the food ingredients which have a proven beneficial effect on human health. These include low calories sugars, proteins and vitamins B complex, etc. Microorganisms, such as Lactococcus lactis, are ideal microbial cell factories for the production of these nutraceuticals. Developments in the genetic engineering of food-grade microorganisms have been very helpful for enhanced production or overexpression of nutraceuticals. This chapter describes the use of food grade microorganisms in industrial production of nutraceuticals. The main emphasis is on industrial production of these beneficial nutraceuticals by food grade microorganism. The diversity of microbial cell types, various approaches for improved nutraceutical production through process optimization as well as strain improvement of the producing microorganisms are discussed.

scholarly journals Od rastlinske biomase do biogoriv in bio-surovin z mikrobnimi celičnimi tovarnami

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Maša VODOVNIK ◽  
Matevž ZLATNAR
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Consolidated Bioprocessing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Wide Range

<p>Global energy demands and global warming represent key challenges of the future of human society. Continous renewable energy supply is key for sustainable economy development. Waste plant biomass represent abundant source of renewable energy that can be transformed to biofuels and other value-added products, which is currently limited due to the lack of cost-effective biocatalysts. The bottleneck of this process is the degradation of structural polysaccharides of plant cell walls to soluble compounds that can be fermented to solvents or transformed to biogas via methanogenesis and can be used as biofuels or chemical raw materials. In order to replace traditional physical and chemical methods of lignocellulose pretreatment with more environmentally friendly biological approaches, native microbial enzyme systems are increasingly being explored as potential biocatalysts that could be used in these processes. Microbial enzymes are useful either as catalysts in the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses or as components incorporated in engineered microbes for consolidated bioprocessing of lignocelluloses. The unprecedented development of tools for genetic and metabolic engineering for a wide range of microorganisms enabled significant progress in the development of microbial cell factories optimized for the producton of biofuels. One of the most promising strategies aimed towards this goal, i.e. systematic design and heterologous expression of »designer cellulosomes« in industrial solventogenic strains is adressed in detail.</p>

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of Nitphym, a Robust Thermostable Nitrilase From Paraburkholderia phymatum

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bessonnet ◽  
Aline Mariage ◽  
Jean-Louis Petit ◽  
Virginie Pellouin ◽  
Adrien Debard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Thermostable Enzymes ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Thermophilic Organisms ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Despite the success of some nitrilases in industrial applications, there is a constant demand to broaden the catalog of these hydrolases, especially robust ones with high operational stability. By using the criteria of thermoresistance to screen a collection of candidate enzymes heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, the enzyme Nitphym from the mesophilic organism Paraburkholderia phymatum was selected and further characterized. Its quick and efficient purification by heat treatment is of major interest for large-scale applications. The purified nitrilase displayed a high thermostability with 90% of remaining activity after 2 days at 30°C and a half-life of 18 h at 60°C, together with a broad pH range of 5.5–8.5. Its high resistance to various miscible cosolvents and tolerance to high substrate loadings enabled the quantitative conversion of 65.5 g⋅L–1 of 3-phenylpropionitrile into 3-phenylpropionic acid at 50°C in 8 h at low enzyme loadings of 0.5 g⋅L–1, with an isolated yield of 90%. This study highlights that thermophilic organisms are not the only source of industrially relevant thermostable enzymes and extends the scope of efficient nitrilases for the hydrolysis of a wide range of nitriles, especially trans-cinnamonitrile, terephthalonitrile, cyanopyridines, and 3-phenylpropionitrile.

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