scholarly journals Feeding Difficulty Among Chinese Toddlers Aged 1–3 Years and Its Association With Health and Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxia Ren ◽  
Hanglian Lan ◽  
Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto ◽  
Chenlu Yang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
The Status ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Feeding Difficulty ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Feeding problems are biopsychosocial in nature and have a great influence on children's growth. The aim of this study was to profile the status and possible influencing factors of feeding difficulty among normal Chinese toddlers, and to investigate its association with health and development. This study is a part of the Young Investigation (YI study) conducted in 10 cities in China. Data from 924 children aged 1–3 years were analyzed. Data on socio-demographic factors, feeding behaviors, self-reported diseases, and anthropometry parameters were collected. Blood samples were drawn to determine hemoglobin levels. Feeding difficulty was evaluated by the Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH-FS). Ages and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3) were used to assess developmental progress. Multivariable analyses were performed to explore the potential associations. The mean total score of the MCH-FS was 35.21 ± 12.90 and the highest scored item was “acting up/making a big fuss during mealtimes.” Feeding difficulty occurred more often among children with picky eating behavior or whose caregivers once used the strategy of pre-mastication. Children with feeding difficulty had lower intakes of cereals, vegetables, and fruits, and were more likely to suffer from diarrhea (OR, 2.04; 95%CI: 1.32, 3.11) or constipation (OR, 2.04; 95%CI: 1.27, 3.24), but not anemia. Feeding difficulty was also negatively associated with weight, height, head circumference and mid-upper-arm circumference-related Z-scores (P all < 0.05). In addition, it was related to poorer fine motor skills, personal and social skills, and total scores of ASQ-3 (β, −9.00; 95%CI: −15.11, −2.89). Feeding difficulty assessed by MCH-FS showed a negative association with children's health and development, supporting the need for early identification.

scholarly journals Study of magnitude and socio-demographic factors associated with anaemia among children of a school for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3141
Author(s):  
Pritish K. Raut ◽  
Shubhada S. Avachat ◽  
Sachin Gupta ◽  
Rutuja D. Pundkar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Anaemia is one of the important silent morbidity in childhood that affects the development of a child. Disabled children are more vulnerable for nutritional problems like under-nutrition or anaemia due to inadequate nutrient intake either due to feeding problems or poor feeding knowledge among care providers. However there are very few studies regarding nutritional problems of intellectually disabled. The aims of the study were to assess the nutritional status and magnitude of anaemia among mentally challenged children and to study the socio-demographic variables associated with anaemia among them.Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in a Day School for mentally challenged in Ahmednagar. All 45 children (Day scholars) were enrolled in the study. Data collection was done using a predesigned proforma for detail history. Anthropometric measurements and Body mass index were used for assessment of nutritional status. Haemoglobin estimation was done by using Sahali's Haemoglobinometer. The details of socioeconomic status and intelligence quotient (I.Q.) were taken from the official records of the school. Percentages, proportions and Chi square test were used for Statistical Analysis.Results: The mean age was 12.5 years, mean IQ was 37.8. More than half of the children were undernourished (64% had BMI<18.5). Mean Haemoglobin was 10.3 and 33 (73%) children were suffering from mild to moderate anaemia. Significant association was observed between degree of mental retardation and anaemia.Conclusions: Majority of mentally challenged children in our study were suffering from under nutrition and anaemia.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices Among Nursing Mothers in Enugu State

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Anthonia C. Ogbe ◽  
Clementina U. Nwankwo ◽  
Theresa O. Agbele ◽  
Joshua C. Nwambo
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Nursing Mothers ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) plays a pivotal role in determining the optimal health and development of infants with reduction in infant mortality. This study focuses on those factors which place nursing mothers in the likelihood of not adopting and practicing EBF. It is a descriptive study that utilized a multi-stage sampling technique. A structured questionnaire, mean and standard deviation were used. The result shows that the EBF practice among nursing mothers is high with a grand mean and standard deviation of 2.75 (0.61). Those with secondary qualification and below had 3.10(0.37) while tertiary had 2.23 (0.41). Mothers aged 25 and below had 3.39 (0.14) and above age 25 had 2.57(0.52).Parity of 1-4 had 2.93 (0.47) while parity of 5 and above had 1.93 (0.34). Married and single mothers had 2.75 (0.61) and 1.26 (0.05) respectively. Effective EBF education is needed to reduce socio-demographic factors that hinder mothers’ practice of EBF.

Women’s financial planning for retirement

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Sweta Tomar ◽  
Deepak Verma
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Planning ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Status ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Women's Retirement

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the status of the research on women’s financial planning for retirement. This paper provides a brief review of the work carried out so far along with a conceptual framework of factors influencing women’s retirement financial planning. In addition, it lists significant gaps and recommends avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe review is based on 151 articles appearing in various peer-reviewed journals published during 1980–2017. The study establishes its prominence by studying the publication activities based on the year of publication and region, citation analysis, research designs, data analysis techniques and findings from the selected articles.FindingsMost of the literature on women’s financial planning for retirement indicates a lack of financial management amongst women and their susceptibility to poverty in postretirement years. The majority of the research works in this field have taken place in developed economies. Empirical research with regression-based models for analysis is the most popular research design. This review also highlights the significant determinants of women’s retirement financial planning as identified through literature. These include socio-demographic factors, psychological constructs, financial literacy, economic and circumstantial forces.Originality/valueThis paper covers the research works done in this area in the past 38 years. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to provide a systematic and comprehensive compilation of the knowledge in this subject. It further synthesizes the findings of various studies on factors influencing women’s retirement financial planning and gives recommendations for future studies.

Aryepiglottoplasty for laryngomalacia: 100 consecutive cases

2001 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Toynton ◽  
M. W. Saunders ◽  
C. M. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Complication Rate ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Indications For Surgery ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Street Hospital ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Great Ormond Street Hospital ◽  
Feeding Difficulty

A retrospective review of the notes of 100 consecutive patients who had undergone aryepiglottoplasty for laryngomalacia, at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, was undertaken. Fifty-six were male, 44 female and 47 were under three months of age. Indications for surgery were oxygen desaturation below 92 per cent and feeding difficulties causing failure to thrive. Forty-seven patients had other pathology contributing to their airway compromise or feeding problems. Improvement in stridor after one month was achieved in 86/91 (94.5 per cent) being abolished completely in 50/91 (55 per cent). Of the 25 per cent of patients whose symptoms took more than one week to resolve, 16/22 (63.6 per cent) were later found to have a serious neurological condition. Feeding was improved in 42 of 58 patients (72.4 per cent) who had a pre-operative feeding difficulty. The complication rate was low, with only five out of 86 (10 per cent) experiencing initial worsening of the airway and six per cent having aspiration of early feeds before improvement occurred.Endoscopic aryepiglottoplasty remains the operation of choice for patients with severe laryngomalacia, however, in the presence of neurological disease surgery is less likely to be successful.

DOZ047.07: Parental feeding concerns of infants and children with esophageal atresia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Menzies ◽  
Jennifer Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Atresia ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
Parental Feeding ◽  
Speech Pathologist ◽  
Type C ◽  
Feeding Difficulty ◽  
Strongly Agree

Abstract Background Feeding problems have been described in children with esophageal atresia (EA). This can cause high levels of parental/caregiver concern. Aims The primary aim of this study was to determine specific feeding concerns of parents/caregivers of infants and young children with EA, including introducing solids and grading up to family foods. Methods A questionnaire was developed for parents/caregivers of infants/children with EA, aged 12 months to 6 years. Questionnaires were completed by 20 parents of infants/children attending a multidisciplinary EA clinic between June 2016 and June 2017. All children had type C EA. Demographics, feeding history, and parental concerns around feeding were assessed. The Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale was also completed by parents. Results Eleven (55%) parents agree/strongly agree that they were concerned about their child's feeding prior to the introduction of solids and about moving from a smooth puree to more textured solids. The most common concerns were choking and food impaction for both time points. Twelve (60%) parents agree/strongly agree that the majority of mealtimes in their child's first 1–2 years of life were stressful. Thirteen (65%) parents reported avoiding particular foods due to their child's EA. The majority of children (n = 17) had no feeding difficulty according to an objective scale, with the rest minor. Conclusions This study highlights that parental concern around feeding still exists in infants and children without a severe feeding difficulty and needs to be addressed. Multidisciplinary involvement including a dietitian and speech pathologist from an early age is important for infants and children with EA. Further education provided to parents/caregivers may assist with reduced stress around feeding and create more positive mealtime behaviours.

scholarly journals The contribution of grandmother involvement to child growth and development: an observational study in rural Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. e002181
Author(s):  
Esther O Chung ◽  
Ashley Hagaman ◽  
Katherine LeMasters ◽  
Nafeesa Andrabi ◽  
Victoria Baranov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Socioemotional Development ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Early Child ◽  
Rural Pakistan ◽  
Z Scores

IntroductionEarly childhood interventions primarily focus on the mother–child relationship, but grandmothers are often critical in childcare in low-resource settings. Prior research is mixed on how grandmother involvement influences child outcomes and there is a paucity of research on grandmother caregiving in low-income and middle-income countries. We examined the role of grandmother involvement on child growth and development in the first 2 years of life cross sectionally and longitudinally in rural Pakistan.MethodsWe used data from the Bachpan Cohort, a longitudinal birth cohort in rural Pakistan. Maternally reported grandmother involvement in daily instrumental and non-instrumental caregiving was collected at 3 and 12 months. A summed score was created and categorised into non-involved, low and high. Outcomes included 12-month and 24-month child growth, 12-month Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development and 24-month Ages and Stages Questionnaire—Socioemotional. We used multivariable generalised linear models to estimate mean differences (MD) at 12 months (n=727) and 24 months (n=712). Inverse probability weighting was used to account for missingness and sampling.ResultsIn our sample, 68% of children lived with a grandmother, and most grandmothers were involved in caregiving. Greater 3-month grandmother involvement was positively associated with 12-month weight z-scores; however, greater involvement was associated with lower 24-month weight z-scores. High 12-month grandmother involvement was associated with improved 12-month cognitive (MD=0.38, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.76), fine motor skills (MD=0.45, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.83) and 24-month socioemotional development (MD=−17.83, 95% CI −31.47 to –4.19). No meaningful associations were found for length z-scores or language development.ConclusionIn rural Pakistan, grandmothers provide caregiving that influences early child development. Our findings highlight the complex relationship between grandmother involvement and child weight, and suggest that grandmothers may positively promote early child cognitive, fine motor and socioemotional development. Understanding how grandmother involvement affects child outcomes in early life is necessary to inform caregiving interventions.

scholarly journals Influence of Socio-Psychological Factors on Consumer Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Organic Food Products

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd J.S. Baiyegunhi ◽  
Sikhumbuzo E. Mashabane ◽  
Nonjabulo C Sambo
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

This study evaluates consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) a premium for organic vegetables and fruits in Pietermaritzburg metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, using data collected from 210 consumers approached during their food shopping. The standard economic approach to valuation was extended by including psychological factors. The results from the empirical model show that psychological factors (behavioural control, attitude and subjective norms) exerted more influence on consumers’ WTP for organic products. In addition, socio-demographic factors such as gender, education, number of children in a household, high income and race, are statistically significant in explaining consumers’ WTP for organic food. Policy implications for advancement and improved promotion, sales and consumption of organic food products were discussed.  

scholarly journals Impact of food supplements on early child development in children with moderate acute malnutrition: A randomised 2 x 2 x 3 factorial trial in Burkina Faso

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1003442
Author(s):  
Mette F. Olsen ◽  
Ann-Sophie Iuel-Brockdorff ◽  
Charles W. Yaméogo ◽  
Bernardette Cichon ◽  
Christian Fabiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Factorial Trial ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Moderate Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Post Hoc

Background Lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) and corn–soy blends (CSBs) with varying soy and milk content are used in treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). We assessed the impact of these supplements on child development. Methods and findings We conducted a randomised 2 × 2 × 3 factorial trial to assess the effectiveness of 12 weeks’ supplementation with LNS or CSB, with either soy isolate or dehulled soy, and either 0%, 20%, or 50% of protein from milk, on child development among 6–23-month-old children with MAM. Recruitment took place at 5 health centres in Province du Passoré, Burkina Faso between September 2013 and August 2014. The study was fully blinded with respect to soy quality and milk content, while study participants were not blinded with respect to matrix. This analysis presents secondary trial outcomes: Gross motor, fine motor, and language development were assessed using the Malawi Development Assessment Tool (MDAT). Of 1,609 children enrolled, 54.7% were girls, and median age was 11.3 months (interquartile range [IQR] 8.2–16.0). Twelve weeks follow-up was completed by 1,548 (96.2%), and 24 weeks follow-up was completed by 1,503 (93.4%); follow-up was similar between randomised groups. During the study, 4 children died, and 102 children developed severe acute malnutrition (SAM). There was no difference in adverse events between randomised groups. At 12 weeks, the mean MDAT z-scores in the whole cohort had increased by 0.33 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.37), p < 0.001 for gross motor; 0.26 (0.20, 0.31), p < 0.001 for fine motor; and 0.14 (0.09, 0.20), p < 0.001 for language development. Children had larger improvement in language z-scores if receiving supplements with milk (20%: 0.09 [−0.01, 0.19], p = 0.08 and 50%: 0.11 [0.01, 0.21], p = 0.02), although the difference only reached statistical significance for 50% milk. Post hoc analyses suggested that this effect was specific to boys (interaction p = 0.02). The fine motor z-scores were also improved in children receiving milk, but only when 20% milk was added to CSB (0.18 [0.03, 0.33], p = 0.02). Soy isolate over dehulled soy increased language z-scores by 0.07 (−0.01, 0.15), p = 0.10, although not statistically significant. Post hoc analyses suggested that LNS benefited gross motor development among boys more than did CSB (interaction p = 0.04). Differences between supplement groups did not persist at 24 weeks, but MDAT z-scores continued to increase post-supplementation. The lack of an unsupplemented control group limits us from determining the overall effects of nutritional supplementation for children with MAM. Conclusions In this study, we found that child development improved during and after supplementation for treatment of MAM. Milk protein was beneficial for language and fine motor development, while suggested benefits related to soy quality and supplement matrix merit further investigation. Supplement-specific effects were not found post-intervention, but z-scores continued to improve, suggesting a sustained overall effect of supplementation. Trial registration ISRCTN42569496

scholarly journals Impact of Homestead Agro-Forestry on Sustaining Livelihoods of Rural Poor in Mymensingh District of Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Jahan ◽  
MHA Rashid ◽  
T Jinan ◽  
S Islam
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agro Forestry

This study determines the impact of homestead agro-forestry on livelihood of rural households in Mymensingh district. In total 100 homestead agro-forestry practicing farmers from three upazilas namely Mymensingh Sadar, Bhaluka and Muktagachha of Mymensingh district were randomly selected for this study following a purposive sampling technique. Analysis was done considering the pre (before) and post (after) homestead agro-forestry practicing condition of farmers. The major findings of the study showed that per hectare net returns for vegetables and fruits cultivation were Tk. 6,703.62 and Tk. 14,532.61 respectively considering all farms. On an average, the contribution of vegetables and fruits in total homestead income was 20.23 per cent in before and 22.46 per cent in the after homestead agro-forestry practicing situation indicating enough potentiality to generate income from homestead agro-forestry. It was found that vegetables cultivation was much better for small farmers compared to medium and large farmers. For fruits and vegetables enterprises, the performance of large farmers was better than small and medium farmers. Large farmers were more efficient than medium and small category in case of fruit production. Most of the variables included in the Cobb-Douglas production function model had significant impact on homestead agro-forestry. The study revealed that homestead agro-forestry had positive impact on improving the status of rural households and women empowerment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17367 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 169 - 178, 2008 

scholarly journals The first 4 years - Outcome of children identified by newborn screening for CF in Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schuetz ◽  
Julia Kontsendorn ◽  
Nils Janzen ◽  
Jan Fuge ◽  
Simon Grewendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Pulmonary Exacerbations ◽  
Normal Bacterial Flora ◽  
First Year Of Life

Background: Newborn screening (NBS) has been shown to improve CF disease course and has been widely implemented worldwide. This monocentric study compared children diagnosed by NBS vs. a cohort preceding the implementation of NBS in Germany in 2016 to evaluate ascribed benefits of NBS. Methods: We compared all children with confirmed CF diagnosis (n=19, “NBS group”) out of all children presenting with positive NBS at our center after implementation of NBS (n=100) to children diagnosed with CF at our center within 4 years before NBS implementation (n=29, “pre-NBS group”) for outcomes of anthropometry, gastrointestinal and pulmonary disease manifestations and respiratory microbiology. Results: Children diagnosed by NBS had a lower incidence of initial feeding problems (15% vs. 41%), had a higher BMI z-score at diagnosis and higher mean z-scores for BMI, weight and length during the study period. Children in the pre-NBS group displayed higher proportions of oxygen-dependent pulmonary exacerbations (10% vs. 0%), a significantly lower amount of normal bacterial flora (p=0.005) along with a significantly higher number of throat swab cultures positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p=0.0154) in the first year of life. Yet, pulmonary imaging did not reveal less pulmonary morbidity in the NBS compared to the pre-NBS group. Conclusions: Our results confirm that NBS for CF leads to earlier diagnosis and improves nutritional outcomes in early childhood. Although trajectories of structural lung damage at early age were unaffected by NBS, NBS positive CF patients at preschool age displayed less severe pulmonary exacerbations and pathological bacteria in throat swabs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document